I-Kolumney iyi-liana yasekuqaleni nenhle edabuka e-equatorial America. Kepha ngasizathu simbe emafulethini kuvame kakhulu kunezihlobo zawo - ngokwesibonelo, amakhalori ne-gloxinia. Vele, kukhona ama-nuances athile kulimo lwawo, kepha lesi akusona isizathu sokulahla ikholomu enhle yeTropicana.
Incazelo yezitshalo
IColumnia isitshalo esikhulayo esivela emndenini wakwaGesneriaceae, esikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika.
Iziqu ziyashintsha, ubude bazo bungafinyelela ku-2 m. Amaqabunga anamanzi, mancane, aze afike ku-4 cm ubude, alukhuni, ayindilinga, ayindawo ephakathi kwesiqu.
Izimbali ze-Columnae zingaba ophuzi, o-orenji, zibomvu, zipinki kancane
Amacembe amabili aphezulu alembali axhumekile futhi akha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-hood. Izithelo ziba mhlophe qete ngesimo.
Kwizitshalo ezaziwayo ezifuywayo, izihlobo zekolumnae yi-kaleria ne-gloxinia. I-Kolumna kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-orchid yangaphakathi", noma kunjalo, nge-orchid nje abanabo ubumbano.
I-Kolumneya ibukeka ihlaba umxhwele ngokukhethekile emaphanini okulengiswa, ebhodweni le-cache.
Izinhlobo Zekholamu
Izinhlobo ezilandelanayo zekholamu zihlukaniswa:
- I-Kolumneya Consanguina iyisitshalo esinezihlahla ezinesihlahla esinsundu esinsundu esikhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Amaqabunga ahlelwe ngababili, kodwa iqabunga elilodwa lihlala lincane kunelinye, ngakho-ke kubonakala sengathi amaqabunga ahlelwe ngokuhlukile. Izimbali ziphuzi.
- I-Kolumneya krakatau - epiphyte (isitshalo esidinga ukusekelwa - esinye isitshalo, ngokwesibonelo). Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali, kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlobiseni ikhaya noma ihhovisi. Izimbali zikhanya kakhulu, amaqabunga amboza ngokuphelele isiqu.
- I-Carnival. Ibaluleke kakhulu ngezimbali zayo eziningi, kumaparele aphuzi akhanyayo lapho umngcele obomvu ubonakala khona. Isitshalo sincane, singakwazi ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke.
- I-Columnae ebomvu ihlukaniswa amahlumela aminyene, amaqabunga e-lanceolate.
- Columnae Banks. Kuyinto engabekezeleleki ekuhambeni, ngakho-ke futhi isabalele. Iziqu zilenga phansi, igatsha ngokuqinile. Amacembe aluhlaza angenhla abomvu ngaphansi komfula. Izimbali kufika ku-6 cm ubude, obomvu-o-orange onomphimbo ophuzi.
- Okuhle nokuncane-okusele - izitshalo ezinamaqabunga e-pubescent. Izimbali zazo ziyafana ngesimo nangombala, nokho amaqabunga ekholamu aqhakaze cishe ama-8 cm, kanti amaqabunga amaqabunga amancane angama-1 cm kuphela.
- I-Columnia coliferous ihlukaniswa amahlumela aqondile.
- I-Kolumnaia Kyusskaya iyisitshalo esikhulayo, amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama okubonakala ngathi anqunywe esikhunjeni.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zamakholomu azivamile ekuhlobiseni izimbali zezimbali. Le yikholomu ye-buccum, ikholomu kaMorton, ikholomu ebi kakhulu, ikholomu ka-Allen.
Igalari yezithombe: izinhlobo ezihlukile zekholamu
- Ama-Columnae abomvu anamaqabunga ama-lanceolate alukhuni
- Izimbali eziphuzi kanye neziwolintshi zihlukanisa ikholomu yamabhange
- Amakholomu akhazimulayo anamaqabunga e-pubescent
- Emapheshana amancane anikeza igama lolu hlobo lwekholamu.
- I-Krakatau ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ikhaya noma ihhovisi.
- Izimbali zihlukaniswa umngcele obomvu onqenqemeni lwamaphayini
Ithebula: Izimo zesizini
| Ukushisa | Isibani | Umswakama | |
| Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | 18-20 mayelanaNge | Ukukhanya kwelanga okugqamile. Amawindi wasempumalanga noma asentshonalanga. | Ukufafaza okuhleliwe, okuvame kakhulu ekushiseni kwehlobo. |
| Ukuwa kobusika | Ngesikhathi sokulwa (ukuqala ekwindla sekwephuzile), okuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-50, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa lika-10-12 mayelanaC. Ngemuva kwalokho imbali ihlelwe kabusha endaweni efudumele. | Ukukhanya kwelanga okugqamile. Amawindi aseNingizimu. | Ngesikhathi sokuphela, ungafafazi. |
Ukufakelwa kanye nokufakelwa
Ungadlulisa ikholomu ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha imbiza ebanzi nengashoni. Okuhlukile kwengxube yomhlaba (isidingo esikhulu ukungabikho kokhokho): izingxenye ezilinganayo zefudu nomhlabathi wamashidi, 1 /2 ingxenye yokwebiwa, namalahle, isihlabathi kanye ne-sphagnum moss - 1 /4 ingxenye. IKolumneya nayo izokhula kahle enhlabathini yonke ethengiwe.
Ngaphambi kokufakelwa, amahlumela ekholamu anqunywa phakathi.
Ukufakelwa, njengomthetho, kuyadingeka kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2, lapho izimpande zesitshalo zihlanganiswa yisigaxa sobumba. Akudingekile ukuhlanza umhlaba omdala, basusa ngokucophelela abampofu, baphinde bahlele ndawonye nomhlaba embizeni entsha, bafafaze nge-substrate entsha.
Lapho utshala ikholomu ebhodweni, kufanele kube namanzi
Ukunakekelwa
Ukunisela okufanele nokugqoka okufika ngesikhathi okufika ngesikhathi, kanye nezimo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezimbali, kuzokusiza uzizwe ungcono unyaka wonke.
Ukunisela
Amanzi, aqukethe lime, imbali ngeke ithande nhlobo. "Uzotshela" ngakho ngamahlamvu omile. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukusebenzisa amanzi angcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lakhona kufanele okungenani libe ngu-20 mayelanaC. Phakathi kokunisela inhlabathi kumele yomise kancane. Ungavumeli ukuqina komswakama.
Ebusika, ukuthambisa kusesilinganisweni, futhi ehlobo kuvame kakhulu.
Ehlobo, i-kolumnei imvamisa idinga ukuniselwa ngamanzi afudumele angahlungiwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Kolumneya ikakhulukazi idinga ukondliwa lapho kuvela izimbali (ngokuvamile ukuphela kobusika). Umanyolo, ungasebenzisa izingxube ezithengiwe zezitshalo zasendlini, kuphela udinga ukuthatha ingxenye enkulu njengokukhonjisiwe kwimiyalo. Bondla ikholomu kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-710 kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Umanyolo wekholamu eziqhakazayo ezithengiswa ezitolo
Isikhathi sezimbali
I-Columnia iqala ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo, kodwa kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Uma izimbali zenzeka, khona-ke ungazama ukwenza okulandelayo: ukunciphisa kancane ukuthambisa bese wehlise izinga lokushisa. Izinyathelo ezinjalo kufanele zivuse ukubukeka kwezimbali. Futhi ikholomu “inganqaba” ukuqhakaza ngenxa yomoya owomile kakhulu.
Healthy ikholomu blooms ikakhulukazi ehlobo
Igumbi I-Decembrist ilula kakhulu ukuyinakekela, kepha ama-blooms awasabizi kahle: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/dekabrist-uhod-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Ekwindla, imiqumbe yezimbali ibekelwe isizini ezayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa lekamelo lapho ikholamu likhula khona, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukuya ku-10-12 mayelanaC. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-45-50, lesi sitshalo sizoba nezinhlamvu ezingama-0.5 cm - lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi udinga ukuhlela kabusha isitshalo endaweni efudumele (16-16). mayelanaC)
Isikhathi sokulala yisigaba esibalulekile empilweni yesitshalo; asikwazi ukunakwa. Uma isikhathi sasebusika singagcinwanga noma sifinyeziwe, singama ngaphandle kwezimbali entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Ngesikhathi sokubandisa kwe-dormancy kudingeka unikeze izinga lokushisa elipholile
Ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo
I-Columnae isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha. Ngaphezu konyaka, amahlumela awo angakhula afike kuma-50 cm. Imvamisa, iziqu zilahlekelwa ukubukeka kwazo okuhle ngoba zidaluliwe (lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezimo noma amaphutha aphikisayo ekunakekelweni). Ngakho-ke, minyaka yonke ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kunconywa ukuphinda wenze kabusha isitshalo - unqume ezinye amahlumela, usiphule ezinye zazo ukuze uthole izihlahla ezintsha zekholamu. Izihlahla, ngaphezu kwezinhloso zobuhle, kungenye into ebalulekile - ukukhuthaza izimbali ezilandelayo.
Ukunakekela Amaphutha
Ezinye izimo zingahle zingayithandi i-columnier, futhi uzophendula kulokhu ngezimpawu ezifanele. Izifo nezinambuzane empeleni azisibi ngalesi sitshalo, ikakhulukazi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kepha isicabucabu esijabulisayo singasihlasela isitshalo.
Ukulwa ne-spider mite, kunconywa ukuyiphatha ngezindlela ezikhethekile ekwindla
Ithebula: Amaphutha wokunakekela nokuthi Ungawaxazulula kanjani
| Kwenzekeni | Ngoba ini | Phuma |
| Ihamba isomile bese iwa | Umswakama ophansi | Fafaza kaningi. |
| Amahlamvu aphenduka abe mnyama | Kushiya amaqabunga elangeni ngqo | Fihla elangeni eliqondile. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande, izifo zokukhunta | Amanzi aqinile ngenxa yokunisela ngokweqile | Dlulisa isitshalo. |
| Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga | Amanzi abanda kakhulu lapho uthambisa | Amanzi okunisela kudingeka ukufudunyezwa aze abe ngu-20 mayelanaC. |
| Isikhunta esishubile | Ukujikeleza ngenxa yemvelo emanzi kakhulu | Susa izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo, phatha nge-fungic ehlelekile, unciphise umswakama, uvule umoya egumbini ngezikhathi ezithile. |
| Thin web phakathi kwamaqabunga. | Isikhala sesicabucabu |
|
Ividiyo: nakekela ikholomu
Ukuzala kwe-Columnia
Isikhathi esifanele sokuxhunyelelwa lesi sitshalo maphakathi no-Ephreli.
Ukusika Imiyalo:
- Kuyadingeka ukusika ukusikeka kusuka amahlumela wesitshalo. Izimbambo kufanele okungenani zibe ngu-7 cm ubude, zinamaqabunga ama-2.
- Tshala engxube ye-peat nesihlabathi, amboze ngembiza yengilazi noma nge-polyethylene. Ungatshala izingcezu eziyi-8-10 esitsheni sinye, bese uthola isitshalo esintofontofo.
- Nikeza ukushisa okuphansi ngo-20-24 mayelanaC.
- Amanzi, kepha ungafafazi, ngoba lokhu kugcwele ngokubola kweshidi. Kuthatha amasonto ama-3-4 ukuthi ukhule.
- Lapho isiqu sikhula kancane, sitshale ebhodweni elihlukile.
Kuthatha amasonto ama-3-4 ukusika izingcembe ze-columni
Kunzima ukusabalalisa ngembewu enezinhlanyelo, njengoba izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezikhethekile ezinokushisa komoya okuqhubekayo ziyadingeka, ngakho-ke, ukuxhunyelelwa indlela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu - esheshayo nethembekile.
I-Gloxinia, isitshalo esihlobene, isatshalaliswa ngezinye izindlela eziningana: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/gloksiniya-razmnozhenie-listom.html
Ividiyo: ukusika kwe-columnae
Ukubuyekezwa
Empeleni, ngingasho ukuthi angimondli. Yayisevulandi ekushiseni okungu-10 mayelanaNgine (ngaphandle kwewindi, i-balcony ayifakelwa insimbi), angihlali nginamanzi angcolile (angihlale nganele kuzo zonke izimbali), ukufafaza akuvamile kakhulu. Ngithengile kumphakeli, eza nezinsizakalo, eziye zasuka kimi ngokuphepha. Kulokhu, isiqu esinezimpande kwiphilisi naso sihle. Muva nje ngithole ukuthi i-kolumneya iyisihlobo se-Saint-Paul))) Ngamangala ngokweqiniso, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga velvet, angiboni lutho olufana ngalo. Ngincoma ukuthi imbali le yinhle kakhulu kumtshali wokulengiswa, ikakhulukazi uma iqhakaza. Kepha ngesikhathi sokuphumula nakho kungokwangempela.
I-Alexashka87 //irecommend.ru/content/govorili-chto-super-kapriznaya-onaili-eto-ne-takili-mne-vezet
Ngiyazithanda izimbali ezahlukahlukene, kepha ngithanda umndeni wakwaGesnerius. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala zekholomu zizizwa zizinhle ezimbizeni. Bathanda ukukhanya okukhulu, kepha ilanga eliqondile lingababulala. Baphendula ngokulingana kokuchichima kanye nokwenziwa ngokweqile ngokulahla amahlamvu. Izinhlobo ezikhetheke kakhulu yizinhlobo zakudala - iKrokotau, iFuji. Izimpande kalula, into esemqoka akukhona ukwenza izingcezu ezinde lapho zibangelwa. Izinhlobo ezingathandeki ezingaphezulu zihlanganiswe, kepha noma kunjalo ungathola ulimi oluvamile nazo.
Svetlana FYUR//ourflo.ru/viewtopic.php?f=29&start=20&t=2045
Angikwazi ukuthola ulimi olujwayelekile naye, ngithanda kakhulu i-kolumni, kodwa, ngokusobala, nginokushisa okukhulu kakhulu futhi akakhuli. Sesivele sizitshalile, okuluhlaza okotshani, ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngokulandelayo. Ngokuhlolwa, ngaqala i-eschinanthus, efana kakhulu nabo, ngoba leli likhula njengegwele, nekholomu efana ne-stupor.
i-ego//www.violets.com.ua/forum/viewtopic.php?t=980
Kubukeka sengathi kunokhanyo oluningi futhi olunomswakama, ngisho nomoya wasendaweni okungenani - into esemqoka yamakholamu. Sekuyiminyaka emibili manje behlala esihlalweni ekhoneni labo efasiteleni eliseningizimu. Kuyiqiniso, iwindi limbozwe ngokwengxenye ngezinto ezifana ne-lutrasil. Angizange ngidlulise, enye ithengisiwe kakade nge-mane, eyesibili yona ngokwayo ikhule, enye emibili enezingulube manje sezikhula ngamandla futhi ngokuyinhloko. Ezinkomweni ezingaba ngu-12 cm, ezintanjeni ezifakwa esikhwameni esijwayelekile sezithombo, empeleni azikomile, inhlabathi ihlangana ngengxube ye-peat ejwayelekile ngesigamu, amanzi, noma kunjalo, ancishisiwe.
i-wantoch//www.floralworld.ru/forum/index.php?topic=862.45
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngathola ikholomu efiphele egxilile esitolo sezimbali - i-vidocq yayiningi, ukuyibeka ngobumnene, ngokudabukisayo, ngiyikhiphe ngesihawu. Kutshaliwe. Manje kubukeka kunobuhle kimi - sekufudukile, kunikeze amahlumela amaningi asisekelo futhi lokhu yize kuvulandi osenyakatho). Sonke lesi sikhathi angikaze ngibone umanyolo nami. Ngingasho ngokuphephile ukuthi ikholamu ngesinye sezitshalo ezilula ukunakekelwa.
UJulia))//forum-flower.ru/printthread.php?t=1774&pp=10&page=3
Ikholomu alikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi imbali engaphenduki. Ezimweni ezingezinhle, izovumelana nempilo, kepha ngeke iqhume. Ukuze ukhule usezingeni eliphakeme, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngokuthela amanzi afudumele athambile kanye nezimo ezifanele zobusika.
