IHaworthia yaqhamuka eNingizimu Afrika yaya eYurophu ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Isitshalo sitshalwa emhlabeni wonke. Umndeni we-Haworthy ufaka izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150 zezilwane ezihlala njalo ezinamaqabunga anesikhumba ahlotshisiwe, embozwe ngemivimbo kanye nezichashazi. Ku-floriculture yasendlini, kuyabaluleka ngokubonakala kwayo kwasekuqaleni nokungazethembi.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Haworthia isitshalo esiphansi esinezilinganiso zokukhula eziphansi. Izinhlobo eziningi zakha irosette eyisisekelo. Ziyafana ne-aloe, kepha zixubene ngokwengeziwe futhi zisebenza kahle ngenxa yokwakheka kwamaqabunga nombala. Umbala wamaqabunga uyahlukahluka ukusuka ekukhanyeni kuya eluhlaza okomnyama, ngombala ompunga, wesiliva, onsundu. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga lanceolate, ingaphezulu lilungile. Imivimbo yeVolumetric nemidwebo yombala omhlophe noma omnyama luhlaza zinikeza ukuhlakanipha kwesitshalo. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi blooms haworthia kanjani.
Ukwakheka kweHaworthia
IHaworthia ingaqhakaza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa kaningi kwenzeka ehlobo. Kwi-peduncle emincane, kuvela izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe. Ukuqhakaza kwe-Havortia akulona inani lokuhlobisa futhi kwezinye izimo izithuthuthu ziyasuswa ukuze ungasenzi buthaka isitshalo.
Ukungathobeki kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-haworthia ekubonweni kwemvelo noma yikuphi okungaphakathi. Kuthatha isikhala esincane futhi kukhula kancane, ngakho-ke kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezingomeni ezinhle emigodini nasemagqumeni anamatshe.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! IHaworthia yathola igama layo ukuhlonipha isazi semvelo samaNgisi u-Adrian Hardy Haworth (1768-1833). Wafunda izimbali nezilwane zaseNingizimu Afrika isikhathi eside futhi waba negalelo elikhulu kwisayensi, echaza izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo kule ndawo.
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Uhlobo lungelomndeni wakwa-Asphodelov. Ngenxa yekhono lokwakha nzalo zombili ngaphakathi kuhlobo futhi nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlobene (Gasteria, Aloe). Lokhu kuyizinto ezivundile zabafuyi.
Nakani! Kunezinhlobo eziningi nzalo kanye nezinhlobo zokuhlwanyela ezihluka ngombala, ubukhulu bokuphuma, kanye nenombolo nesimo sofuba emaqabungeni.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile zokukhula kwezimbali:
- I-Striped (noma i-haworthia fasciata) ingenye yezinhlobo ezivamile zasendlini. IHaworthia fasciata ine-rosette emnyama emnyama ehlotshiswe ngemicu ecwebezelayo ecacile yombala omhlophe. Amaqabunga akhonjwe, agobile kancane. Iningi lemishayo emhlophe itholakala ngaphansi kweshidi. Ukunakekelwa kwe-haworthia enemicu ekhaya kuqukethe ukuthambisa ngokulingana kanye nokufakelwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Haworthia fasciata
- IDrawn haworthia ine-rosette yamaqabunga aphakeme kanxantathu, embozwe zombili izinhlangothi ezinezifuba ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Amahlumela okuhlobisa atholakala ngokungahleliwe, kwesinye isikhathi ahlangana abe yimivimbo.
I-Drawn haworthia
- I-adhesive - i-hybrid ephezulu, efinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama. Amacembe amancanyana angunxantathu ahlanganisiwe futhi ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye. Zikhula ngemigqa emithathu bese zakha amakholomu amangalisayo afana nezikali zenyoka zisuka kude. Umbala ungezelela ukuhlobisa - kwezinye izinhlobo umthunzi obomvu noma we-salmon ungeziwe eluhlaza oluyinhloko.
I-stick haworthia
- I-haworthia engamanyala ihlukaniswa isiqu esincane kanye namaqabunga amancane angunxantathu, okuyizindawo ezingemuva kwazo ezigogekile. Ukubukwa kumbozwe amachashazi amhlophe amhlophe.
Windor haworthia
- Ama-scaphoid enza ama-rosette angama-compact amaqabunga angenamnyama aluhlaza anamaphethelo. Amaqabunga ama-concave amaningi afana nesikebhe. Kunezindawo ezilula, ezinokukhanya kancane - amafasitela anamaqabunga. Injongo yabo ukwenza buthaka umphumela wokushiswa yilanga. Ukubuka kunika izisekelo zezingane ngokushesha futhi kugcwalise isikhala samahhala;
Scaphoid haworthia
- I-Pearl haworthia ihlukaniswa ngama-rosette amakhulu amaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama, phezu kwawo kukhona amabhuzu amhlophe ayindilinga afana noparele. Iqhakaza, njengama-suppulents amaningi, ngezimbali ezincane ezimise okwentsimbi kuma-peduncle amade.
Bheka uPearl
- I-Reinvardt - yakha isiqu esifinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama, lapho amaqabunga amafushane aluhlaza okotshani onephoyinti elikhonjisiwe atshalwe ngokuqinile, abondelana. Banama-tubes we-convex wokuhlobisa.
Haworthia reinwardtii
- I-Blunt noma i-haworthia retusa - inendawo yokuphuma enamaqabunga anamafutha anamathiphu amathiphu ancishisiwe. Faka umbala kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya obomvu, ngokushoda kokukhanya, i-tint ebomvu iyaqina. Kubonakala emaqabungeni.
Haworthia retusa
- Ama-Chess (checkered) enza ama-rosette angenantambo anamaqabunga anamaunxantathu anempilo ahlelwe endaweni eyindilinga. Phezu kwepuleti leshidi kuphethini elihlanganisiwe, eliqukethe igridi yemigqa yokukhanya nemnyama. Uhlangothi oluhle lumbozwe ngembobo encane. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga kwesinye isikhathi ahlotshiswe ngezivalo. I-Chess haworthia iyakwazi ukwakha amahlumela kusuka kuma-stolons angaphansi komhlaba. Kulesi zinhlobo, irosette yendodakazi ingavela kude ngamasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka kusitshalo somzali.
Chess ezihlukahlukene haworthia
Imvamisa ezitolo zezimbali izimbali ze-haworthia, ezinhlobonhlobo zazo zinhlobonhlobo, zivezwa njenge "xube le-haworthia. " Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlobo eziningana zitshalwa emabhodweni akha ukwakheka okumangazayo.
Haworthia, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
IHaworthia ingesinye sezitshalo ezimbalwa ezikwazi ukubekezelela shading ngokuthula. Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo, lokhu kuncipha kucwiliswa ngokuphelele esihlabathini, imvamisa kuphela amathiphu amaqabunga asobala ebusweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ye-epidermis enzima, isitshalo empeleni asibangelwa ukubola.
Nakani! I-Succulent ilungele ukwenza izingoma ku-florarium - isitsha esisekucacile ngaphakathi lapho kutholakala khona izitshalo.
I-Haworthia Florarium
Imodi yokushisa
Umoya ozungeze isitshalo akufanele ube ngaphansi kuka +5 ℃. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-10-13 ℃ ngaphezulu kwe-zero. Ehlobo, izimo ezintofontofo emazingeni okushisa angama-20-25 ℃. Amanani aphezulu we-haworthia awesabisi.
Ukunisela nokondla
Akavamile ukunisela ebusika. Ukuphela konyaka - umbuso olinganiselayo wokunisela. Isitshalo simunyiswa lapho inhlabathi isomile ngokuphelele, imvamisa izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umswakama ungangeni enkabeni yokuphuma, lokhu kungadala ukubola.
Imbali ye-haworthia, njengama-cacti amaningi, imelana nomoya owomile. Umswakama wezemvelo awudlali indima ebalulekile. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, umanyolo usetshenziswa kanye ngenyanga. Faka isicelo sokugqoka esiphezulu sama-suppulents noma isixazululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo wamaminerali. Ebusika, ukondla akwenziwa.
Kubalulekile! Isitshalo esitshaliwe asidingi umanyolo ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala. Kumxube omusha wenhlabathi, kunezakhi ezanele zokuthuthuka okusebenzayo.
Izihlahla kanye transplanting
Uma indawo yokuthengisa isikhulu kakhulu imbiza yezimbali, noma izisekelo eziningi zamadodakazi sezikhulile, lesi sitshalo siyatshalwa. Umthamo ofanele obanzi ophansi.
Kungcono ukufakela izitshalo entwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimila ziqala futhi imbali ivumelane kalula nezimo ezintsha. I-haworthia eyi -cotcante ikhula kahle engxenyeni yesihlabathi esimahhadla nomhlaba wezakhamzimba, othathwe ngokulingana.
Qaphela! Ukugcina ukubukeka, amaqabunga aphelile ayasuswa. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithungo zezimbali ziyasuswa.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Haworthia isabalalisa ngembewu noma nge-vegetatively - isiqu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukusikwa kwamaqabunga. Ezinye izinhlobo zingakhiqiza amahlumela akamuva - ama-stolons. Zilungele nokukhiqizwa kabusha.
Ukuthola imbewu, impova phakathi kwazo izinhlobo ezithakazelisa kakhulu kusuka endaweni yokubukwa komtshali. Uma kwenzeka kuphumelela impova, imbewu evuthiwe iyaqoqwa futhi ihlwanyelwe endaweni enamanzi enamanzi amaningi. Ukwakha i-microclimate efudumele nenomswakama, ikhava ngefilimu. Gcina izinga lokushisa lika +20 ℃. Izitshalo zikhula kancane; isampula endala esetshenzisiwe ingatholakala eminyakeni emibili.
Ukusabalalisa ama-unsulents ngesiqu kanye namaqabunga wokusika, ayomiswa ngaphambi kokutshala. Le nqubo, ngokuya ngosayizi wesibambo, ingathatha izinsuku eziyi-1-2. Ngemuva kwalokho ukusikeka kufakwa esihlabathini esiswakeme noma esimanzi, lapho ukhula lwenzeka khona.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Izinyawo zendodakazi zihlukaniswa phakathi kokufakelwa. Isilayi sifafazwa ngamalahle bese izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa emabhodweni ahlukile. Le ndlela iyona elula kunazo zonke futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha indawo eyenziwe kahle.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Abantu bomdabu baseNingizimu Afrika babheka ukuthi iHaworthia iyisitshalo sokuphilisa nesimangaliso. Batshala ama-haworthias ophahleni futhi bahlobise amakhaya abo ngama-suppulents emabhodweni, banethemba lokuthi izitshalo zizovikela izindlu ngombani nethonya lamandla amabi. Ikwazisa kakhulu ngabaphilisi i-haworthia limifolia (haworthia limifolia).
Kwezinye izindawo, ukufunwa kwezitshalo eziwusizo kukhulu kangangokuba ukuze kwaneliswe, bacubungula udaba lwe-haworthia ngokusakazwa kwe-microclonal.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Ukufiphalisa mnyama nokubola emaqabungeni kungumphumela womswakama ngokweqile. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukuchelela kuyamiswa, izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo ziyasuswa bese kuthi ukuphuma kwazo kuphathwe nge-fung fung.
Ukubola kwe-Haworth
Ama-Succulents awonakaliswa kancane yizinambuzane kunezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Kodwa-ke, ngesinye isikhathi ku-haworthia, imfihlo emhlophe njengototwe we-mealybug iyabonakala. Imvamisa zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga noma endaweni yokukhula. Ezindaweni ezine-powdery amaqanda ezinambuzane futhi izibungu zazo ziyahluma. Iswakama likotoni elicwiliswe emanzini anosokisi lisusa izinambuzane zezinambuzane.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela izihlangu ezi-oval noma eziyindilinga zombala onsundu esitshalweni. Ngaphansi kwazo kukhona izibungu zezinambuzane, isinambuzane esidonsa ubisi lwezitshalo. Izihlangu zisuswa ngokucophelela ngebhulashi futhi ziphathwe ngamanzi anensipho.
IH Haworthia, etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ehlobo, ihlushwa ukuhlaselwa i-slug. Izinambuzane ziququda amaqabunga amancanyana, lesi sitshalo siphulukana nokuhlobisa kwayo futhi yomile. Uma kukhona ama-slugs ambalwa, aqoqwa ngesandla futhi abhujiswe. Esimweni lapho ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane kukhulu, i-irondehyde izosiza.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Ngokusakazeka okunamandla kwezinambuzane, baphendukela kuma-pesticides. Ukwelashwa nge-actellic kusiza ukuqeda zombungu zombungu nesibazi.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-haworthia iyisidambiso futhi iyamelana nezilokazane nezifo zezitshalo, akufanele ungazinaki izindlela zokuvimbela izifo, ngoba isifo ngaso sonke isikhathi kulula ukusivimbela kunokuselapha. Izindlela zokuvimbela:
- ukuhlolwa kwezitshalo ezithengiwe - amaqabunga ama-suppulents kumele abe mnene, ngaphandle komonakalo nemikhiqizo yokulahlwa kwezinambuzane (amachashazi amnyama, ama-cobwebs, i-plaque);
- ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezisanda kutholwa - izimbali ezincane zibekwa ngokwahlukana ekuqoqweni okuyinhloko futhi zibhekelwe amasonto amabili; uma kungekho zimpawu zomonakalo ezitholakalayo, beka isitshalo esikhaleni esinikezwe sona;
- ukuwasha izitshalo njalo.
Kulula ukunakekela ama-haworthy, ngakho-ke ngisho abalimi abaqalayo bangabhekana nokutshala. Ama-Amateurs anesipiliyoni ayakujabulela ukuhlola, enza izingoma ezivela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, i-haworthia ekhulayo ezitsheni zengilazi noma ukudala izingadi ezincane.
