Ibhalsamu ende iyimbali ethandwa kakhulu futhi ekhula kalula. Imvamisa uphathwa njengesitshalo sonyaka, okungukuthi, alahlwe lapho eqala ukubuna. Kepha esimweni sezulu esifudumele noma esifudumele, angaphila iminyaka eminingana.
I-Balsam Valera noma iWall (Impatiens Walleriana)
Ibhalsam kaWaller iyi-herbaceous perennial ebizwa ngokuthi i-Impatiens Walleriana ngesiLatini. Le mbali iyaziwa nangamagama "izibani" kanye "thinta." Izwe lakubo yi-East Africa (kusuka eKenya kuye eMozambiki). Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo eziqhakazayo, zibhebhetheka eNyakatho Nenkabazwe kanye nakwezindawo ezishisayo. Ngokubambisana ne-genus Hydrocera, ama-Impatiens akha umndeni weBalsamic.
Terry Balsam
Izinhlobo zonyaka zikhiqiza izimbali kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kufike frost yokuqala. I-perennial, etholakala ezindaweni ezipholile kakhulu - ingaqhakaza unyaka wonke. Kunezinhlobo zemibala ehlukene nemithunzi. Ibhalsamu likhulele ngaphandle nangaphakathi endlini.
Kubalulekile! Le mbali ilungele izikhala ezenzelwe ukukhanya kahle, amathala, amakhandlela, ama-verandas, amafasitela namakhamela, nanjengesitshalo esilenga.
Incazelo emfushane
I-Balsam Valera inamaqabunga ama-lanceolate ama-2-5 cm ububanzi futhi ingafinyelela ukuphakama okungu-15-60 cm. Izimbali 2-5 cm ubukhulu zivame ukuba nama-petals ayi-5. Umbala wezimbali ungahluka: mhlophe, owolintshi, upinki noma ubomvu.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ukukhulisa ibhalsamu ebanzi kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ekhaya futhi uyinakekele, awudingi zimo ezikhethekile. Ngale ndlela, lesi sitshalo sitshalwa entwasahlobo.
Indlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu yebhalsamu
Inqubo
- Imbiza enobubanzi obungu-10 cm igcwaliswa nge-substrate yendawo yonke.
- Umhlaba uyaniselwa.
- Ubukhulu bembewu ezi-23 bubekwe ngaphezulu kwe-substrate.
- Zimbozwe ngesendlalelo esincanyana se-substrate ukuze imbewu ingadalulwa ichayeke ngqo elangeni.
- Imbiza ibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle.
Imbewu yokuqala izomila emavikini ayi-2-3. Lapho ubukhulu besitshalo buba ngu-5-8 cm, bungatheleka ebhodweni.
Ukugoqa
Ungayinakekela kanjani ibhalsamu ebanzi ekhaya
Amabhithamini akhula kokubili elangeni eliqondile nangaphandle kwawo. Ngokwemvelo, zithanda inhlabathi enomswakama nenothileyo, njengasemiseleni yomgwaqo, imigodi, umfula kanye nemifula yamahlathi. Ekuthuthukiseni okuvumelanayo kwembali ekhaya, kuyinto efiselekayo ngaye ukudala izimo eziseduze nemvelo.
Ukukhanyisa nokushisa
Indlu kufanele ibe nokuningi kokukhanya kosuku, futhi ibhodwe kufanele libekwe kude nezinto ezisalungiswa. Emhlabathini ovulekile, kungakuhle ukhethe indawo enelanga, ngokwesibonelo, eduze nengadi. Ngokufanelekile, amabhalsamu kufanele athole ukukhanya kwelanga amahora amaningi ngosuku futhi kwesinye isikhathi abe semthunzini. Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma ngezihlahla eziwuvikela elangeni lasemini.
Nakani! Lapho ngaphakathi, amabhaluni adinga ukukhanya, ngaphandle kwalokho azolahlekelwa izimbali namahlumela.
Isitshalo sithola ukukhanya okwanele
Imithetho yokunisela nomswakama
Imvamisa yokunisela iyohluka ngokuya ngendawo nesimo sezulu. Amabhalsamu akhula ngaphakathi ezindlini kufanele aniselwe kabili ngeviki ehlobo futhi njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-7-10 phakathi nonyaka wonke. Street - Izikhathi ezingama-4-5 ngesonto ehlobo futhi njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-5-6 isikhathi esisele.
Ukubheka umswakama wenhlabathi, ungafaka induku emincane kuyo. Uma iningi lomugqa ongaphansi linamathela kuwo lapho lisuswa enhlabathini, isitshalo asidingi kuniselwa, njengoba umhlabathi umanzi impela. Ibhalsamu lembiza lingasindwa ngemuva kokunisela bese emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Inhlabathi emanzi inesisindo esingaphezu komhlabathi owomile - umehluko phakathi kwezinkomba uzosiza ukuqonda ukuthi uzokha nini amanzi.
Qaphela! Kuhle ukunisela imbali ekuseni, kepha awukwazi ukushiya amahlamvu emanzi ebusuku. Ngokuchelela kamuva, kungcono ukungafafazi amanzi emasimini, njengoba ibhalsamu livame ukubola kanye nezifo zokukhunta ezindaweni ezinomswakama kakhulu.
Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi webhalsamu kufanele lonyiswe ngokulinganayo. Kepha udinga ukugwema inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu noma eshisayo. Akufanele ivunyelwe isomile ngokuphelele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu nekhwalithi yenhlabathi
Kungcono ukukhulisa imbali ngaphakathi kwendlu endaweni ejwayelekile yendawo yonke. Ingahlanganiswa ne-perlite ukwenza ngcono ukugeleza kwamanzi, kepha lokhu akudingekile. Esivandeni, inhlabathi ayibalulekile inqobo nje uma ivundile futhi ayihlanganisiwe.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, kuyadingeka ukondla ama-balsamu ngomanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Kungcono uma kungaba ukugqoka okuphezulu kwemvelo, isibonelo, i-guano, i-egghell noma i-ash ash.
Ubukhulu Bombala Wembali
Amabhalsamu aqhakaza kangcono uma izimpande zawo zicindezelwe kancane. Shintsha ibhodwe kuphela uma izimpande ziphuma emgodini ezansi.
Izihlahla kanye transplanting
Isitshalo asidingi izihlahla, kodwa kuyalulekwa ukususa iziqu ezinesifo, ezomile noma ezibuthakathaka kanye nezimbali ezomile.
Inhlabathi efakelwayo kufanele icebe ngezakhi zomzimba futhi inyakaziswe ngokulinganisela. Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukwenza umanyolo we-organic (umquba, i-mulch, umquba, i-guano, i-peat). Inhlabathi kufanele igcine amanzi, kepha ngaphandle kokuzikhukhula. I-Perlite noma isihlabathi somfula ziyizinto ezisiza ukuvimbela izikhukhula.
Okufanele ukwenze ebusika ngembali
Isitshalo asizibekezeleli isithwathwa, ngakho-ke ezindaweni ezinamafrimu anzima, amabhali cishe akunakukhula. Ezimweni ezifudumele zezulu, amasiko aqhakaza unyaka wonke.
Izici zezitshalo eziqhakazayo
Ama-Balsam blooms kakhulu futhi cishe unyaka wonke. Izimbali zesitshalo zinobubanzi obungadluli ku-5 cm, zimbili futhi zilula, zicacile futhi zinamaphimbo amabili. Umbala uhlukile: i-lavender, onsomi, i-raspberry, i-orange, emhlophe, obomvu nobomvu. Azikho kuphela izithunzi eziphuzi nezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge-Tumbler Rose ampoule balsamu, zinomugqa omhlophe maphakathi nephalishi ngalinye.
Izinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi
Ukuqhakaza kwebhalsamu kungenzeka kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo nesomile, badinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Kuyelulekwa ukufafaza izitshalo kusihlwa, kepha umswakama akufanele uwe ezimbali.
Imbali akufanele itshalwe ezimbizeni ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwalokho wonke amandla esitshalo azosetshenziswa ekukhuleni, futhi ngeke aqhakaze. Inhlabathi akufanele ibe esindayo, ecebile ngama-nitrogenous compounds namaminerali - kulokhu kuzoba namaqabunga amaningi, nezimbali ezimbalwa.
Kubalulekile! Ebusika (ekuphumuleni), izinga lokushisa akufanele lihle ngaphansi kwama-+12 degrees. Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe, kepha umhlaba akufanele wome.
Ukusakazeka kwebhalsamu ngokusika
Lapho uzalela imbali, ukusika kunamathela kulokhu kulandelana kwezenzo:
- Sika isiqu esinempilo ngaphandle kwezimbali.
- Isisekelo siboshwe ngama-hormone wezimpande ze-liquid.
- Imbiza enobubanzi obungu-10 cm igcwaliswa nge-vermiculite yangaphambi kokuthambisa.
- Kwenziwa imbobo maphakathi nesitsha bese kubekwa isiqu kuyo.
- Uma kunesidingo, engeza i-vermiculite engaphezulu ebhodweni bese uyibeka ethunzini elilinganayo.
Izilimo zinezimpande kahle. Kwesinye isikhathi zigxila ngokubeka engilazini noma esitsheni esinamanzi.
Ibhalsamu Shank
Izinkinga ezikhulayo, izifo kanye nezinambuzane
Izinambuzane ezijwayelekile zezitshalo:
- ISpider mite - esifana nesicabucabu esincanyana esincane, sinca ijusi emaqabungeni, sibangele ukubonakala kwamabala aqhekekile. Kulula ukubona. Bacekela phansi izinambuzane ngosizo lwe-acaricide.
- I-Whitefly isinambuzane esinamaphiko amhlophe futhi esidla ijusi leqabunga. Ungabamba izimhlophe ngezicupho ezinamathelayo.
- I-Aphid yisidambisi esilingana no-0.5 cm ngosayizi, ophuzi, luhlaza okotshani noma onsundu. Ama-aphid adla ujusi wamaqabunga nezimbali. Izicupho eziyinkimbinkimbi zisetshenziselwa ukuyiqeda.
- Ama-Thrips ayizinambuzane ezifana ne-earwigs kepha zincane kakhulu. Ukubhujiswa yizicupho.
Isifo seBhalsamu:
- IBacteriosis yisifo esinegciwane esidalwa yiPseudomonas. Ukuphela kwendlela yokulawula lokhu ukushabalalisa lesi sitshalo nokukhubaza inhlabathi.
- Ukutheleleka nge-fungus - ama-ejenti ayo abangelwa yi-Pythium noma i-Rhizoctonia. Kwisitshalo esithintekile, izimpande namaqabunga ziyabola. Alikho ikhambi lesifo.
- Amabala ayindilinga - avela ngokuvela kwesikhunta uCercospora, iSeporia noma iPhyllosticta. Amaqabunga athintekile kumele asuswe.
Ungabhekana kanjani nazo
Ukugwema izifo, kungcono ungalokothi ugcobhoze amaqabunga nezimbali uma unisela, futhi ulawule nomswakama wenhlabathi. Ukwelashwa kwesitshalo kuya ngohlobo lwenkathazo noma isifo, kepha imvamisa ukususwa okujwayelekile kwengxenye ethintekile kuyasiza.
Ukukhulisa ibhalsamu kaWaller kulula, ngoba udinga ukunakwa okuncane kakhulu. Ngisho nomlimi noma umlimi ongenalwazi ngeke adumale ekukhetheni.
