I-Anthurium

I-Anthurium (I-Anthurium) (injabulo yabesilisa) - isitshalo se-epiphytic noma semi-epiphytic perennial somndeni womndeni wakwa-Aroid. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-Anthurium yiNingizimu Melika kanye naseMelika Ephakathi.

Le mbali ehlala njalo, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, isuka ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-500 kuye kwezingu-900. Ekuphakameni kufinyelela ku-50-70 cm, ikhula kancane. Amaqabunga anesikhumba, kuya ngohlobo, angaba nesimo nobukhulu obuhlukile: inhliziyo, imisebe, ibunjiwe, lanceolate ebanzi, indolondo, iyindilinga, iphelele noma ihlukanisile. A matte noma acwebezelayo. Umbala wepuleti lamaqabunga uvame ukuba luhlaza okotshani, kepha kukhona izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga "apendiwe".

I-Anthurium yinhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sezimbali. Izimbali zakhona ezincane ziqoqwa ku-inflorescence-cob ngesimo somsila. Ngakho-ke igama lesitshalo, elihumusha ngokuthi "imbali enomsila." Indlebe izungezwe ama-brices aqhakazile, umbala wawo uhluka ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. I-Anthurium ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "injabulo yabesilisa." Imbali "injabulo yabesifazane" yi-spathiphyllum.

Izici eziwusizo

I-Anthurium igcwalisa umoya ngomphunga wamanzi ohlanziwe, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulisa umswakama wemvelo. Imunca i-toluene ne-xylene eziyingozi kubantu (umthombo wabo izinto zokwakha) futhi uzisebenzele ezintweni ezingenangozi.

Ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseColombia, kukholelwa ukuthi izimbali ezibomvu ze-Anthurium ziletha ukuchuma nenjabulo endlini. Abasanda kushada kulo lonke uhambo lwabo lwezithandani ezindlini zabo zokuphumula ze-Anthurium inflorescences.

Ukunakekela abanturium ekhaya. Kafushane

Ukunakekela abanturium ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Anthurium ekhaya kudinga ngokucophelela impela, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni zomswakama, ukukhanyisa kanye nokushisa.

Ukufakwa kwe-Anthurium ngemuva kokuthenga. Ividiyo

Izimbali

Izimbali ezincane ze-anthurium ziqoqiwe ku-cylindrical noma spiral inflorescence-cob. Ubude bawo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene buyahlukahluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-30 ​​cm. Indlebe ifakwe ngeveli eligqamile elingapendwe ngombala obomvu, opinki, omhlophe, ophuzi, owolintshi, oluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, futhi futhi futhi ohlanganisa eziningana zazo.

Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siyizinyanga ezingama-2-3, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukuze uvuselele ukuqhakaza okuningana, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ubusika obupholile (ama-degree angama-16-16).

Imodi yokushisa

I-Anthurium yi-thermophilic. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elilungele lona lizoba ngama-degree angama-20- 26, ebusika - ama-degrees angama-16- 18, kepha lingaphansi kwe-15.

Ukufafaza

Ikhaya le-Anthurium Udinga umswakama ophezulu wezemvelo - 70-90%. Ukufafaza nsuku zonke ngamanzi angcolile endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni kuyadingeka (ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezinamahlamvu velvety). Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi amaconsi awawa phezu kwe-bract, njengoba amabala amnyama asala ephuma emanzini.

Ukuze wandise umswakama, ibhodwe lingabekwa kutreyi ngodaka olunwebekile olunomswakama, bese unamathisela isisekelo seziqu nge-moss emanzi.

Isibani

I-Anthurium isibani esikhanyayo kodwa esingasasebenzi siyadingeka. Indawo efanelekayo iwindowsill asentshonalanga noma asempumalanga. Eningizimu uzodinga ukubola kusuka elangeni eliqondile.

Ukufezekisa ukugeleza kwezimbali okwenzeka unyaka wonke, ukukhanyisela okwenziwa ngobuciko kuyadingeka ebusika. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukuthatha imbali ikhiphe ekhoneni elinomthunzi engadini.

Ukunisela

I-Anthurium ezimweni zasekamelweni ayikubekezeleli ukugcwala kwamanzi kanye nokomiswa kwenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukumanzisa i-substrate ngokushesha lapho ungqimba lwayo oluphezulu lusomile ebhodweni. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sivame ukuniselwa kabili ngesonto, ebusika - isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kwayi-20 inqubo, kuphuma amanzi epanini.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanzi athambile: ukuma, defrosted noma imvula.

Ukuhlanzeka

Kunconywa ukusula amaqabunga e-anthurium othulini ngendwangu emanzi kanye ngesonto. Kanye ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ungaba neseshini efudumele.

Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ama-inflorescence avele kahle ngesikhathi.

Inhlabathi ye-anthurium

I-Anthurium idinga inhlabathi ekhanyayo ye-acid (pH 5.5-6.0). Ungakhetha okukodwa kokukhulula:

• I-Peat peat, umhlaba wamaqabunga, amagxolo wepayini nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2: 2: 1: 1;
• I-Peat, i-sphagnum moss ehlanganisiwe, udrako omuhle, umhlaba onamaqabunga (3: 1: 1: 1/2), amagxolo kaphayini omncane namalahle.

Kudingeka drainage omuhle.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Imbali ye-Anthurium ekhaya yondliwa kanye njalo emavikini angama-2-3 esikhathini kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba. Umanyolo ofanele wamaminerali we-liquid wezitshalo eziqhakazayo ekugxilweni okuphakathi.

Ukufakelwa

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari-Mashi.

Izinhlobo ezintsha zitshalwa minyaka yonke, abantu abadala - kanye emva kweminyaka engama-3-4.

Imbiza kufanele ibe mincane, ilingane nosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Asikho isikhathi sokuphumula esimisiwe. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukunisela futhi ugcine ekushiseni kwama-degrees ayi-16-18.

Uma useholidini

Uma ushiya lesi sitshalo kuze kufike ezinsukwini eziyi-7, ngeke kukuzwele ukushoda kwamabutho. Kodwa-ke, uma uhamba isikhathi eside - faka ukunakekelwa kwe-anthurium ezihlotsheni noma komakhelwane.

Ukuzala

I-Anthurium isatshalaliswa ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-rhizome (izinqubo), ukusikwa kanye nembewu.

Ukuhlukaniswa kweRhizome

Imbali ekhula ngokweqile ingahlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa noma ukuhlukanisa inqubo esitshalweni sikamama. Uma inqubo ingenazimpande, udinga ukuyibeka ku-sphagnum enomswakama. Uma kunezimpande, isitshalo esincane sitshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini. Izinsuku ezi-2 zokuqala akufanele ziniselwe, kuyadingeka kuphela ukuthambisa umoya uzungeze imbali.

Izimbumbulu

Uma i -anturium yabantu abadala yinde kakhulu, unganciphisa isiqu sesiqu ngamaqabunga angama-2-4. Ngaso leso sikhathi, "isiphunzi" esisele ngejubane sizonikeza amahlumela amasha aseceleni.

Ukuzisika okugxile ku-sphagnum noma ingxube ye-sphagnum, amagxolo namalahle. Isitsha simbozwe nge-polyethylene futhi sibekwe endaweni enokhanyayo kahle. I-substrate iyanyiswa njengoba kunesidingo. Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-rooting lingama-24- 26 degrees. Lapho isiqu sinezimpande futhi siqala ukukhula, singathathelwa kwelinye ibhodwe.

Ukukhula i-Anthurium kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa imbewu entsha, ngoba ngokushesha ilahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwayo. Kuhlwanyelwa endaweni engaphezulu kwesihlabathi esingaphansi kwesihlabathi, i-peat kanye nephepha lomshidi. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi, sivame ukungena umoya. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, amahlumela avela, ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5 - iqabunga lokuqala leqiniso. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, izithombo zingatshalwa.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa okufanele kubangela izinkinga nge-anthurium:

• Amaqabunga aya ngokuya eba mnyama - Ukukhanyisa ngokweqile.
• Kushiya i-anthurium phuzi aphuzi noma abe nsundu - izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphansi.
• Pblooms sucker - ukuntuleka kokukhanya, ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba emhlabathini.
• Amabala amnyama namnyama ngombala - Ukunisela ngokweqile, aminyene, substrate esindayo.
• Kushiya i-anthurium asontekile -okweqile noma ukuntuleka kokukhanya, umswakama ophansi.
• Amathiphu amaqabunga aphuzi - Ukushisa okuphansi, okusalungiswa, umoya owomile kakhulu.
• Kushiya kancane mnyama - I-calcium eyedlulele emhlabathini, namanzi amaningi.

I-Anthurium ingathinteka yi-mealybug, i-spider mite, i-nematode yezimpande, ama-aphid.

Izinhlobo ze-Anthurium ezinezithombe namagama

U-Anthurium Andre (Anthurium andreanum)

Ukuphakama kwalesi epiphyte ngamasentimitha angama-50-75. Amaqabunga ama-ovoid anesikhumba afinyelela ku-30-40 cm, ububanzi obuyi-15- 20 cm. I-inflorescence emhlophe noma ephuzi, efinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, ifakwe embhedeni onesikhumba esimise okwenhliziyo enamabala embozwe futhi ecwebezelayo. ingaphezulu.

Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-Anthurium Andre:

• 'Acropolis' - amaqabunga - luhlaza okomnyama, izindlebe - ophuzi, amabhulashi - amhlophe, ububanzi;
• I-'Arizona ' - izindlebe - luhlaza okotshani, ophuzi embhedeni - obomvu;
• 'I-Pink Champion' - i-cob nokulala imibhede - pink okhanyayo;
• 'Amakhasino' - cob - obomvu-obomvu, okumbhede - ophuzi, kunjengomcibisholo.

I-Anthurium scherzerianum

Amacembe ama-elliptical noma ama-lanceolate aluhlaza aqeda i-matte. Ukuphakama kwe-Peduncle - 15-50 cm. Indlebe iphuzi noma luwolintshi. Amabhuleki agobile, okusaqanda, apendwe ngombala opinki, obomvu, owolintshi, oluhlaza okotshani.

I-Anthurium ngokubabazekayo / i-Anthurium magnificum

Amaqabunga amabanzi amade apendwe luhlaza okotshani, velvety. Imithambo engxenyeni engenhla yepuleti lamaqabunga inombala we-olive, ukuze amaqabunga athole iphethini elihle lombala. Umbhede ogcwele imibhede eluhlaza okotshani obomvu.

I-Anthurium bakeri (i-Anthurium bakeri)

Amacembe abunjiwe ngebhande anobude obungu-20-50 cm, ububanzi obuyi-3-9 cm. Ingxenye engezansi yepuleti lamaqabunga imbozwe amachashazi abomvu ansundu. Ubude be-peduncle buhlukahluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-30 ​​cm. Ubude bezindlebe ezimhlophe bufika ku-10 cm. I-bract is green-green; ithola hue onsomi emaphethelweni.