Ukwakheka kwesiqendwana seplanethi yensimu kudlala indima ekunqumeni kwayo. Imvamisa, inhlabathi yedracaena itholakala enkabeni yengadi, kepha umugqa ongezansi ungalungiswa ekhaya usebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe.
Yimuphi umhlabathi udrakoena awukhethayo?
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ikhula e-Afrika naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho inhlabathi enothileyo enama-humus egcwele khona. Ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba okufana nokwedracaena ekhaya.
Isendlalelo sokuvuselela ukukhula kwezimbali
Izakhi ezibalulekile namaminerali
Inhlabathi elinganiselayo yedracaena kufanele ibe nazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo zokulandela izitshalo zokuthuthukisa isitshalo. Isisekelo samaminerali (ubumba, i-peat, isihlabathi) sifaka: i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-chlorine, isibabule, i-iron, i-magnesium, iodine nezinye izinto. Umhlaba ugcwele nitrogen, lapho izinto eziphilayo zitholakala khona ngobuningi (ukuthungwa kwezilwane, imifino ebolile).
Kubalulekile! IDracaena, njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo, ingathola kuphela izakhi zomzimba ezihlakazwe emanzini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi igcine umswakama isikhathi eside.
Ngabe zonke izinto zomhlabathi zenzelwe ini?
Into ngayinye ibandakanyeka empilweni yesitshalo ukwenza umsebenzi othile. Ngokuntuleka kwento eyodwa, lonke uhlelo lokudla kwezimbali luyawa. Izinto eziphambili empilweni yalolu hlobo:
- i-nitrogen (ebhekele ukukhula, ikakhulukazi ingxenye yezitshalo);
- i-potassium (edingekayo inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni okwenzeka kumaseli ezitshalo);
- phosphorus (ubamba iqhaza ku-metabolism, kusiza ukwamukelwa kwezinto eziyisisekelo zokudla okunempilo);
- i-calcium (istabilizer of cell cell).
Izinto ezilandelwayo zokulandela umkhondo - izingxenye eziyimpoqo zenhlabathi yedracaena:
- i-magnesium, ithusi ne-manganese zibandakanyeka ku-photosynthesis;
- i-iron ibhekene nokuphefumula;
- i-boron ivuselela ukwakheka kwamaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, ama-amino acid;
- isibabule sibandakanyeka kumaprotheni metabolism.
Njengomthetho, inhlabathi evundile ifaka zonke lezi zinto ngamanani anele. Okuhlukile kunesihlabathi esimpofu nodaka olusindayo. Inhlabathi ehlangabezana nezidingo zedracaena iqukethe okungenani 70% wenhlabathi evundile.
Ungayikhetha kanjani indawo yedracaena
Umhlaba ofanelekile wedracaena uqukethe insimbi phansi, exutshwe nesihlabathi kanye ne-humus, kwesinye isikhathi i-Peat. Isitolo segadi sithengisa izingxube zomhlabathi ezenziwe ngomumo ezilungele i-dracaena, izihlahla zesundu kanye ne-ficus.
Yimiphi imihlaba ekhona
Ngokungezelwa kwe-substrate ekhethekile yesitshalo, ungathenga inhlabathi yezimbali ekhethekile. Ukwakheka kwalo kuhlangabezana nezidingo zedracaena. Ngabe udinga muphi umhlabathi wenkampani yedracaena? Ama-Florists aqaphela ikhwalithi enhle yezakhiwo ezingezansi ezivela ku-Terra Vita, Flora, Fasco, Greenworld.
Zisuselwa ku-humus vermicompost. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswa i-peat ne-perlite. Inhlabathi enjalo isivele icebile ngomanyolo, futhi ayidingi izengezo ezingezekile. Ukuzikhipha kwizibulala-magciwane nakho akudingeki.
Kufanele wazi! Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthola i-substrate ethile, noma iyiphi indawo yendawo yonke kufanele ithathwe njengesisekelo. Ukuze akwazi ukusondela lapho kudotshwa khona amadrowa, kufakwa kuwo izakhi ezidingekayo.
Ukulungiswa kwengxenye yenhlabathi yedracaena
Uma wenza isendlalelo imbali ngezandla zakho, udinga ukuqoqa zonke izingxenye ngokwehlukana uhlanganise ngaphambi kokutshala. Kuzoba lula kubahlali basemaphandleni ukuthola izakhi ezifanele. Akuvunyelwe ukufaka inhlabathi ngokuhlanganiswa kobumba okungaphezulu kwama-30% kwe-dracaena yegumbi.
Kukuphi umhlaba ongatshala kuwo udracaena (izinketho eziningana):
- ngokuhlanganiswa okulinganayo: amaqabunga ama-humus, isihlabathi esihlanganayo, umhlaba wamahlathi (oak noma i-linden);
- Ingxenye eyodwa yokuhlafunwa, ingxenye eyi-0,5 yesihlabathi, inhlabathi eyi-1 engadini, amagxolo ayi-0.5 ahlanganisiwe esihlahleni esi-deciduous (oki, umlotha, i-elm) kuthathwa ingxenye eyodwa yomquba noma umquba obolile;
- Ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi kanye ne-humus, izingxenye ezi-3 zomhlaba wehlathi, inkomishi e-1 yamalahle ochotshoziwe nge-5 l yengxube;
- I-1 peat peat, izingxenye ezi-2 humus (vermicompost), 1 ingxenye ye-perlite noma i-vermiculite, engu-0,5 ingxenye kakhukhunathi.
Kubalulekile! Ingxenye ephoqelekile yokuqukethwe kwembiza ye-dracaena imbiza kungamanzi. Imelela amatshe abunjiwe ngamasentimitha angu-1,5 cm. Ingafakwa ugqinsi, itshe elichotshoziwe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma isitini esaphukile.
Izakhi zesakhi sendawo sesitshalo
Lapho isisekelo senhlabathi isilungile, kufakwa umquba wamaminerali kuyo. Sebenzisa umanyolo wobumbumbulu onobubanzi obugcwele bezinto zokulandela umkhondo (Bona forte, Fasko, WMD). Njengoba isemhlabathini omanzi, kancane kancane amaganuzi ancibilika, ondla izimpande zedracaena.
Ukulawula inzalo komhlaba ofanele
Lapho uqoqa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi, kunombuzo oshubile wokukhipha isilinganisi samagciwane, amaqanda ezinambuzane eziyingozi, imbewu yokhula. Esigabeni sokuxuba imikhiqizo eyenziwe lapho, kuze kufakwe umanyolo, inhlabathi iyabulawa magciwane. Kunezinketho eziningi zokuhlanza inzalo.
Uyabulala
Inhlabathi elungiselelwe ithululelwa kwisigaxa esifakwe ngendwangu bese ibekwa ebhodweni lamanzi abilayo. Umusi oshisayo udabula isisindo somhlaba, ubhubhisa ukutheleleka. Isikhathi somhlaba wokulima komhlaba 30-40 min. Ngenqubo, kufanele ihlanganiselwe ukufudumeza okufana.
Ukuthaya
Isendlalelo esincane sithululelwa ephepheni lokubhaka bese sibekwa kuhhavini. Ekushiseni kwe-160-180 ℃ inzalo ihlala imizuzu engama-20.
Chitha isikhunta
Ngokumelana namagciwane, abatshali bezimbali basebenzisa i-potanganum permanganate, iFitosporin, iMaxim. Isixazululo esinamanzi salezi zinto simunyiswa kakhulu ngenhlabathi.
Umhlaba ontshontsha ukubulala izinambuzane
Amaphutha amakhulu kulungiselelwa inhlabathi
Umlimi wezimbali, olungiselela inhlabathi yedracaena ngezandla zakhe, kufanele anake ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngamunye owethulwe kule ngxube. Umhlaba wamahlathi ungathathwa esifundeni esiseduze se-oak, elm, birch, alder. Kwanele ukusakaza amaqabunga awile futhi uqoqe ngenhla okungama-5-7 cm omhlabathi oxegayo. Ungathathi inhlabathi ezindaweni eziseduzane nemigwaqo, ukuthathwa kwenhlabathi. I-humus evela kumquba kanye nemfucumfucu yesitshalo kufanele ibe neminyaka eyi-3-4.
I-Peat ilungele i-acidity ephakathi, ebolile kahle. Ngaphandle, kubukeka njengesigaxa esomile esinsundu nesomnyama. I-peat ebomvu enezinhlamvu ezingacoliswanga ayiyinhle. Isihlabathi silungele esikhulu, esingezimboni, ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa kobumba. Esikhundleni salokho, ungathenga i-vermiculite esitolo. Lapho ufaka amalahle, qiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizo wokushisa we-polyethylene awangeni ebhodweni.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Isakhiwo somhlabathi esidingekayo sembali siyakhungatheka, sinomswakama ngokulinganayo. Lapho ifakwe ngenqindi, kufanele yakhe inkungu ewa kalula lapho iwa.
Ukugcwala kwenhlabathi okulungile
Ukuthi wenzeni ngomhlaba omdala?
Ukufakelwa kwezimbali okufakwe esikhundleni kwenhlabathi ngokuphelele kwenziwa ngonyaka, ngenkathi ikhula ngentshiseko. Isihlahla esidala siyabuyiselwa ebhodweni olusha njalo eminyakeni emi-3, sifafaze inhlabathi entsha. Umhlaba ukhula kuwo idracaena unokuqukethwe okuphansi kwezinto eziphilayo kanye namanye amakhemikhali futhi kungathwala izifo. Kufanele ibekwe inqwaba yomquba noma, ngemuva kokuhlanzisisa, iphinde isetshenziswe.
Ukudlulisa inhlabathi
Ngokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, inhlabathi yakudala iyangezwa njengengxenye yokukhulula ku-substrate entsha. Ingxenye yenhlabathi yakudala akufanele yedlule i-30% yesisindo sonke sendawo esezansi.
Lapho uqala ukufakelwa kwezimbali, kufanele wazi kahle ukuthi yiluphi umhlaba oludingekayo kwidracaena. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lesi isihluthulelo sempilo ende yesitshalo nokubukeka kwayo okuhle.
