Ukutshala anyanisi

Indlela yokutshala u-anyanisi we-slizun: imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa

Eziningi zokupheka zokupheka zithole anyanisi.

Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo zazo eziningi, ezinye zazo zidla.

Kusukela kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi umnsalo we-slug uwuphi, i-agrotechnology yokutshala kwayo nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokunakekela oludingekayo.

Uyazi? I-anyanisi i-slizun idlula zonke ezinye anyanisi ekuqukethwe kwezakhi zokulandelela.

Iyini i-anyanisi e-slizun

Slyzun bow kuyinto imifino zisetshenziswa, kungokwesihlobo sama-anyanisi, ama-anyanisi omndeni. Kuphela kudliwa amahlamvu amancane kuphela. Anyanisi ingasetshenziswa eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia Ephakathi kanye ne-CIS, ema-steppes nasezintabeni zomfula.

I-anyanisi i-slizun ibekezelela i-frost kahle futhi ithanda umswakama kakhulu. Isakazwa yizimbewu noma ama-bulb, futhi ingatshalwa esakhiweni esisodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5.

I-slizuna inamaqabunga amancane, amancane namaqabunga afana nokunambitheka okuncane futhi aphefumula kakhulu. Futhi kukhishwe kuso ijusi. Wonke amaqabunga aqoqwe kwi-rosette ngesimo se-fan, futhi ububanzi beshidi ngalinye lifinyelela ku-2 cm.

Ama-bulb anamathele esihlahleni se-anyanisi futhi finyelela ku-2 cm ububanzi. Banika izimpande ezinamandla kakhulu futhi bakhule ngokushesha. I-rhizome, engadliwa futhi, iqukethe izakhi eziningi.

Ngemva kokufika ngomnyaka wesibili, anyanisi uqala ukuqhakaza ngezambulela ngendlela ebhalwe ngayo ibhola enezimbali eziphuzile pink.

Umcibisholo wembali unzima futhi unamandla kufinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama. Ihlumela le-anyanisi eline-drooping iqonde ngaphambi kokuvula isambulela ibizwa ngokuthi isilayidi sedoping.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-anyanisi esine-slizuna

Uhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu-anyanisi-i-Lizuna luhlanganisa ukuGreen, Dwarf, Charm kanye noMholi.

  • Okuhlaza Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinamaqabunga aphezulu, aphezulu, alula okukhanyayo nephunga likagalikhi kanye nokunambitheka okuncane. I-Rhizome enamandla, ngama-bulbs amakhulu kanye ne-stem ephezulu. Ngomunye ukusika ungathola 6 kg / sq. m. Ikhulile endaweni eyodwa kuze kube yiminyaka engu-6, futhi yanda ngembewu. Ukuhlukahluka okungahambisani ne-peronosporoza nokugqwala.
  • Isisindo Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi i-slizuna idliwe kalula. Kuphakathi nonyaka, kanti isikhathi sokukhula kweqabunga izinsuku ezingu-40. Amaqabunga awo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngengubo ye-wax. Zikhula kufika ku-25 cm ubude futhi 1.5 cm ububanzi. Ukunambitheka kufana nalokhu kohlobo oluhlaza. Iqukethe u-8.7% ushukela, u-4% we-ascorbic acid nge-100 g wezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngomunye uthathe u-1.5 kg / sq. m. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela ubusika.
  • Umholi Ama-anyanisi-i-slizun ebangeni eliMholi phakathi nonyaka. Inkathi yokukhula kwamaqabunga ukufaneleka - izinsuku ezingu-40. Amaqabunga avulekile, ajwayelekile, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-coated waxy. Ukunambitheka kushisa kakhulu ngephunga likagalikhi. Ngomunye wokusika, ungathola u-2 kg / sq. m
  • U-Charm. Izinhlobonhlobo kufanele zisetshenziswe. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa siyizinsuku ezingama-40. Amahlamvu akhula afike ku-2 cm ububanzi futhi afike ku-30 ​​cm ubude. Ziwubumba obuhlaza futhi obuhlaza. Ukunambitheka kunobumnene. Iqukethe u-ushukela (5%), i-ascorbic acid (65 mg) nge-100 g yezinto ezingcolile. Ngomunye osikiwe kukhona ithuba lokuthola u-2 kg / sq. m

Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala i-anyanisi ye-slizuna esakhiweni

Kungcono ukutshala u-anyanisi e-slizun ngoMeyi noma ngoJulayi. Uzothola isivuno esihle uma utshala i-slizun emhlabathini ocebile we-loamy ne-peaty. Kudingeka bavame ukuhamba kancane, futhi ngaphambi kokutshala ukwenza ama-humus noma umquba obolile. Entwasahlobo sincoma ukwengeza 1 tbsp. l umanyolo wegalikhi ne-urea. Kodwa njengoba i-anyanisi imelana nokubandayo neqhwa, ungayithola indawo, ugxile kulezi zici.

Izidakamizwa ze-onion slizuna

Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kanye nesitshalo esiphakeme, sineluleka ukuthi ukhule anyanisi esincane emhlabathini emva iklabishi notamatisi. Kungase futhi kuvela ezweni lamakhukhamba, ama-radishes noma amazambane.

Ukulungisa imibhede yokufika kwe-slizuna

Ukulungiswa komhlaba kwenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala u-anyanisi-ukugxila kumbewu noma anyanisi. Inhlabathi kumele ibambe ngokucophelela. Ukumba okujulile kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuletha izinto eziphilayo emhlabathini. Zizokhuthaza kahle ukukhula kwe-anyanisi.

Akudingekile ukutshala u-anyanisi nokugqoka okwenziwe ngamaminerali, kodwa uma inhlabathi yakho ingenasithelo, kungcono ukuwasebenzisa. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe futhi ihlanganiswe. Lokhu kuzosiza imbewu kanye nama-bulb ukuthi angaphumi. Imibhede ayidingi ukuba yenziwe kabanzi, ngoba ungathola isivuno esiningi emideni emincane.

Uhlelo lokutshala kanye nokujula kwembewu yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile

Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala ama-slizuna anyanisi kusuka kumbewu kuqala ngokuhlwanyela. Iqhutshwa phakathi kukaMeyi. Uma umhlabathi ungashiseki, kungcono ukubeka imbewu emigodini elungiselelwe kuya ku-1 cm ejulile. Uhlelo lokuhlwanyela luwuhlu olulodwa olulodwa nokuhlukaniswa kwemigqa engu-70 cm. Ukujula kokufika kwembewu - 1,5 cm.

Emva kokutshala imbewu, inhlabathi idinga ukuhlanganiswa, futhi uma izitshalo ziqina, kufanele zihlweliswe, zibeke imbewu engu-1 njalo ngamasentimitha angu-15. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngu-40 cm, futhi phakathi kwamahlathi angu-15 cm.

Uyazi? Lapho bekhuluma abaseGibhithe, bafungela ukukhuluma iqiniso kuphela, bebeka isandla sabo ekhanda lomnsalo.

Ukunakekelwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezolimo we-anyan-slizuna

Ukubheka incazelo, akunzima kakhulu ukunakekela i-slizun. Into eyinhloko - ukuchelela njalo nokukhulelwa kwenhlabathi.

Ukuphuza njalo

Uma ufuna ukuthola amaqabunga amnandi namathenda, kufanele udonsa u-anyanisi njalo. Kuzobekezelela isomiso kahle, kugcinwe umswakama endaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Nokho, ukuchelela kuzokwenza ngcono isimo sakhe futhi kwandiswe isivuno.

Ukukhulula nokusika phakathi kwemigqa

Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ngokuvamile udinga ukukhulula phansi bese ususa ukhula. Bavimbela ukukhula kwamahlumela amancane. Ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila entwasahlobo, udinga ukukhulula i-ploskorezom futhi uma ukumba kungeza humus nomlotha endaweni.

Ukudla anyanisi

Slyzun uthanda umanyolo ophilayo. Kubalulekile ukuletha ukugqoka entwasahlobo nasebusika, emva kwalokho isitshalo kufanele sihlanganiswe ne-foil.

Isibonelo, ehlobo, izithako ezimbili zomanyolo zizofaneleka kumanyolo obunzima. Ukwakhiwa komanyolo - 1 tbsp. l 10 amalitha amanzi. Noma ungenza izixazululo ezilandelayo ngesisekelo se-humus: isixazululo se-mullein 1: 8, ukuvuza kwezinyoni 1:20, ukumnika kwamagciwane 1: 5.

Ukuvuna

Uma ukhula i-osiziununisi ohlala unomphela ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ngeke uthole isivuno esihle, ngoba amaqabunga ayo ngeke asetshenziswe ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kwezakhi ezikuwo. Ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila, bayoba namanzi amaningi, enempilo futhi enhle kakhulu. Kuyo yonke inkathi efudumele, unganquma u-anyanisi kuze kube izikhathi ezingu-7.

Ukunqunywa kokugcina kufanele kwenziwe ngo-Agasti. Lokhu kuzovumela lesi sitshalo ukuba siphumelele ngaphambi kweqhwa lasebusika. Amahlamvu we-anyanisi angcono ukusika esimweni esomile. Zifakwa emasakeni epulasitiki, bese zichotshozwa. Anyanisi ingagcinwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezingu-20. Uma uqoqe u-anyanisi kanye no-anyanisi kanye ne-clod yomhlaba, kungcono kakhulu ukuwagcina ezindlini ezingaphansi kwamabhokisi.

Uyazi? U-anyanisi kusiza ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngezinzuzo zezempilo.

Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-anyanisi ye-olaununa

I-anyanisi i-slizun iningi izakhiwo eziwusizo.

Iqukethe amaningi usawoti, amavithamini namaminerali. Amaqabunga aneshukela, i-carotene, amavithamini PP, B1, B2, i-potassium, i-nickel, insimbi, i-manganese, kanye ne-ascorbic acid.

I-bulb inezinto zeplastiki, amafutha abalulekile, amavithamini E, C kanye neqembu B, kanye nama-flavonoids.

Ama-anyanisi ase-slizun abulala ama-microbes eziyingozi emzimbeni, aqinise isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Iqukethe i-glucose engaphezulu ne-polysaccharides kune-apula noma amapheya.

I-anyanisi ye-slizun isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo zamathunjini ezifana nesisu nesisu sesilonda. Iqiniso liwukuthi u-anyanisi aqukethe izinto eziningi ezinamanzi.

U-anyanisi ushiya isifiso sokudla futhi usize ukuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kokudla.

Ezinye izindlela zokutshala i-anyanisi ye-slizuna

Anyanisi angakhula hhayi kuphela imbewu etshalwe endaweni evulekile, kodwa futhi ngokusebenzisa izithombo, futhi ngosizo ama.

Izithombo ezikhulayo

Ama-anyanisi angakhula izithombo. Uma uhlala ezindaweni lapho ihlobo lifushane khona, izithombo zilungile. Le ndlela izosheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-anyanisi, futhi amaqabunga angadliwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu okukhiqizwa kuyo maphakathi noFebhuwari. Ukwenza lokhu udinga ukulungisa umhlabathi. Ingxube yomhlaba kufanele ibe nezinxenye ezilandelayo - umhlaba we-sod nama-humus ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Ungangeza umquba osikiwe nge-vermiculite.

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlwanyele, udinga ukufudumala inhlabathi ku-microwave (imizuzu engu-3-5). Yenza kube ngcono emavikini ambalwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba manzi umhlaba ngesisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate. Ngemuva kwalokho, ibhodlela elinomhlabathi kufanele lihlanganiswe nefilimu futhi ligcinwe endaweni efudumele ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.

Kubalulekile! Lapho uthenga imbewu, hlola usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, udinga ukubeka imbewu esikhwameni se-gauze bese uyinciphisa imizuzu engama-45 kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate (1 g potassium permanganate ngamalitha angu-1 amanzi). Ngemva kokuba imbewu ingabekwa amahora angu-18 kwisisombululo "Epin" sokuhluma kangcono. Khona-ke zomile ukuze ziguquke.

Ungahamba ngenye indlela. Izinsuku ezingu-14 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu kudingeka zifakwe ebhodini lokushisa eliphakathi. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, kufanele bahlwithwe nge-disinfected, bahlanzwe futhi bamiswe.

Uma ukhula izithombo ze-anyanisi, sebenzisa amabhokisi noma amakhasethi ngamaseli. Inhlanganisela yomhlaba ithululelwa kuwo futhi ihlwanyelwe esitokisini ngasinye sezingcezu ezine. Ebhokisini udinga ukubeka imbewu ebangeni elingu-1 cm komunye nomunye bese ufafaza ngobuningi bomhlabathi (ubunzima obuyi-7 cm). Umhlaba kufanele ucindezelwe futhi uphethwe ngesisombululo sika-Energen (amaconsi angu-15 ngam 250 ml amanzi).

Ibhokisi kumele limbozwe nge-foil bese lifakwa endaweni emnyama efudumele. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwama-20 ° C amahlumela okuqala azovela ezinsukwini ezingu-5.

Ukukhiqiza izitshalo

Enye indlela yokuzalanisa u-anyanisi ibhekwa njenge-vegetative. Yenza ngo-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kuka-September. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sizoqina futhi sikulungele isithwathwa.

Kubalulekile ukumba izihlahla ze-anyan-slizuna bese uzihlukanisa zibe izingxenye ezihlukene ukuze uthole ama-anyanisi angu-4-5 ezingxenyeni zezimpande ezingezansi.

Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ezifanele ukuhlukaniswa zingenani iminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Ngemva kokuhlukanisa u-anyanisi etshalwe ezindaweni ezahlukene futhi ukhule ngendlela efanayo ngendlela evamile. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa - 50 cm, naphakathi kwezitshalo - 25 cm.

Ukukhula kwe-anyanisi i-slizuna ebusika

Kungenzeka ukuba ukhule u-anyanisi we-slizun kusuka kumbewu noma ama-ebusika. Yenza kube ngcono ekushiseni okushisa, unyaka wonke ukuze ujabulele ukunambitheka okunomsoco namanzi amaqabunga esihlahla.

Anyanisi atshalwe ngo-Okthoba. Sincoma ukuthi usebenzise amabhokisi eplastiki ukuze uwabeke phezulu. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili amabhokisi kumele adluliselwe ku-greenhouse.

Ukuze ukhiqize isivuno, ama-bulb kufanele agwetshwe emanzini afudumele amahora angu-12, bese omiswa bese esika intamo. Khona-ke zimbozwa nge-sacking izinsuku ezine. Ukushisa kwomoya endaweni yokushisa kumele kube ngu-20 ° C. Namanzi izithombo zidinga isikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-10. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20, amahlumela okuqala azovela.

Uyazi akunjalo? Izilinganiso ezisesigxotsheni esifushane, esibizwa ngokuthi amaDonets.
Umnsalo we-Slyzun ulula ukukhula, futhi ukumnakekela kulula. Uma ufuna ukuthola imifino unyaka wonke, sebenzisa iziqondiso zethu ezikhulayo futhi ujabulele isivuno.