Kunezimbali ezinekhethelo elikhethekile nentokozo. Abamangali ngosayizi noma ubukhazikhazi bezimbali, kodwa, sebebone isitshalo esinjalo, wonke umlimi uyakulangazelela ukumtholela indawo engadini. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimbali, ezidumile ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-daisies aphuzi. Igama lesayensi lwale nhlobo yi-doronicum.
Yimbali enjani
IDoronikum iyi-herb yaphakade enamahlamvu agqamile futhi anamahlamvu ayisisekelo. Esixekweni se-sinem amahlumela akhiwa lapho kwakhiwa khona efihlekile. Futhi, izimbali zikhula kuma-peduncle amade. Ukuphakama kwe-doronicum kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo: kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimfishane (10-15 cm) futhi mude (140-150 cm). I-Rhizome tuberous, itholakala phezulu kakhulu. Izithelo yi-achene.
Ama-daisies aphuzi angamalungu omndeni wakwa-Astrov. Kanye ne-ratybid enjenge koloni, enombala ofana ne-doronicum, lesi sitshalo sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi imbali ye-prairie. Kodwa-ke, i-hardy perennial iyakwazi ukuthatha izimpande hhayi emathafeni kuphela. Imvamisa ezintabeni zase-Europe futhi ingahlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-3500 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi. Igama elithi "doronicum" livela egameni lesi-Arabhu "doronish", okusho isitshalo esinoshevu esingaziwa. E-Russia, imbali ekhanyayo ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-roe.
Izinhlobo ezihehayo
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 ze-doronicum. Ezingu-12 zazo zikhula eRussia; bambalwa kuphela abadumile.
Empumalanga
I-Doronicum Oriental (Doronicum Orientale Hoffing) ingabizwa ngeCaucasian ngenye indlela. Lesi yisakhamuzi esihlala njalo ezingadini zaseRussia. Ku-vivo, kuvame kakhulu eCaucasus naseMedithera.
I-East Doronicum
Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kucishe kube ngu-50 cm. Izimpande zi-tubered, zenzeka eduze kwenhlabathi. Amacembe ama-basal anamazinyo, i-petiolate, isiqu, i-ovoid, i -essess. Izimbali eziphuzi ziqhakaza maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi, izimbali ziyaqhubeka cishe inyanga. Ngemuva kokuba izingxenye ezingenhla ze-daisy ephuzi ziphela. Ukukhishwa okusha okuhlaza kuzovela kuphela ehlobo.
Izinhlobo zalinyelwa ngo-1808. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-Spring Beauty, iGold Dwarft, iLittle Leo. Zonke zigxilisiwe, zihlanganisiwe, zihlobisa kakhulu.
I-Plantain
I-Plantain doronicum (i-Doronicum Plantagineum) iboniswa yi-pubescence elula yamaqabunga neziqu. Mkhulu kunesihlobo sayo saseCaucasian (kufinyelela ku-140 cm amade), sakha ama-inflorescence amakhulu, siqhakaza ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 kamuva. Ku-vivo kukhula intshonalanga Yurophu.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Plantain
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zifaka uMiss Mason, uHarpuf Crewe.
Austrian
IDoronicum Austrian (Doronicum Austriacum Jacq) inobude obuphakathi (kufika ku-70 cm) nemibala egqamile nesikhungo se-orange.
I-Austrian roe
Isitshalo sokuhlobisa siqhakaza ngo-Agasti.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukukhula i-doronicum kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, udinga ukunquma ukuthi usitshala nini isitshalo nokuthi ungasinakekela kanjani. Ukuthola ama-daisies aphuzi, aqhakaza ngokubonga okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kulula ukungabekezeleli kwembali.
Nakani! I-Kozulnik inempahla yokusabalalisa ngokuzikhulisa.
Izithombo
Indlela yesithombo iyinkinga enkudlwana kunokutshala imbewu ngqo emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, kunikeza imiphumela engcono.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwezithombo kuqale kangcono ngo-Ephreli. Okokuhlwanyelwa, kukhethwe isitsha esinamaseli agcwaliswe isakhi esingumsoco (ingxenye 1 yesihlabathi s peat kanye nesiqaqa). Imbewu engu-2-3 ihlwanyelwa kuseli eyodwa, ifafazwe ngamanzi. Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma ngefilimu bese sibekwa endaweni ekhanyisiwe, evikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kufaka umoya omncane wezinsuku zokutshala kanye nokuthambisa ngezikhathi ezithile kwenhlabathi kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza.
Indlela engenanhlonipho
Ukuhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lifinyelela ku-16 ° C, noma ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi.
Cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukulungisa umhlaba. Imbiwa kufosholo lwe-bayonet futhi izigaxa zephulwa ngokucophelela. Lapho inhlabathi ihlala, kwenziwa imifantu engajulile (cm cm) kuyo. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa kumele okungenani libe ngu-20 cm. Ukufika komhlaba kumele kuthululwe ngamanzi. Izithombo ziyahluma ngokuthula nangobukhulu, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuvela kwazo kuzodingeka kunciphe. Phakathi kwezitshalo eziseduze kumele okungenani zibe ngu-7 cm wesikhala. Lapho ukuphakama kwezitshalo ezincane kufinyelela ku-10 cm, sekuyisikhathi sokubatshala ezindaweni ezingapheli. Ukuphumula phakathi kwezithombo ezimbili eziseduze kungama-25 cm.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhula
Amaphuzu amakhulu ahambisana nokutshalwa kwezithombo emhlabathini nokunakekelwa kwawo kwamuva kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni izitshalo ezinhle ezinempilo.
Ithangi lokufikisa nenhlabathi
Ngokutshala ezitshalweni, awukwazi ukusebenzisa kuphela iziqukathi zamaselula, kepha namabhokisi, amabhodwe nezinkomishi. Into esemqoka ukugcina ibanga ngaphandle kokuqina kokufika. Njenge-substrate yezakhi, kwanele ukuthatha ingxube ye-peat nge-humus noma ukuthenga inhlabathi yendawo yonke.
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala
Ukuhlwanyela izithombo kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, izitshalo ezincane zibekwa emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Ukusika kwenhlabathi
Ngokutshala engadini phakathi nobusika, maphakathi no-Novemba noma ngo-Ephreli kufanelekile.
Ukukhethwa kwesiza nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Isidingo somhlabathi esiyinhloko ukukhanyiswa kanye nokuba nenhliziyo. Ukuze imbewu ingawi, kufanele ulinde i-shrinkage ngemuva kokumba. Uma inhlabathi incishisiwe, ngesikhathi sokumba, kungenzeka ukuthi ubambe umquba obolile emibhedeni.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba lesi sitshalo sinohlelo lwempande olungaphezulu kwemvelo, akudingekile ukuba uthukulule umhlabathi ujule kakhulu ngaphansi kwawo.
Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokutshala imbewu
Imbewu e-chamomile eluhlaza igcina ukukhula kwayo iminyaka emi-2. Zihluma ngentshiseko, kube kanye emhlabathini, ngakho-ke izithombo kuzodingeka ziklanywe. Njengoba impahla yembewu, lapho igcinwe kahle, ivikela ukulimala kanye nokuwohloka, azikho izinqubo ezikhethekile zokulungiselela ezidingekayo.
Ungazinakekela kanjani izithombo
Ngendlela yokutshala izithombo yokukhula, izithombo zivela emavikini ambalwa ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. I-Shelter kusuka esitsheni ngalesi sikhathi iyasuswa futhi izitshalo zihanjiswa endaweni ebonakalayo. Uma isimo sezulu singathokozi ngezinsuku ezinelanga, kunconyelwa ukuthi izithombo zikhanyiswe nge-phytolamp.
Ukwenza izitshalo zibe zinhle ngokwedlulele, esigabeni seqabunga lesi-3 kuyadingeka ukuphina iziqongo zazo.
Ukufakelwa
Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala (ekupheleni kukaMeyi), sekuyisikhathi sokubeka izithombo emoyeni ovulekile ukuze ziqiniswe, kuqala ihora, kancane kancane zikhulise isikhathi sibe usuku.
Ungatshala kanjani izithombo:
- Bumba uzungu olungama-20-25 cm ngokujula. Faka umquba obolile
- Bamba imigodi yokutshala enesayizi eningi kangangokuba ifanane nezimpande nocezu lobumba. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo kufanele okungenani libe ngu-0,4 m, ngoba i-doronicum ikhula kakhulu;
- Tshala izitshalo emithonjeni, cindezela ngobumnene umhlabathi ezimpandeni bese uthela amanzi amaningi abandayo.
Nakani! I-Kozulnik nayo ikhule njenge -plplant yendlu, kepha kuphela izinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo ezifanele lokhu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle
Ngesitshalo esinjenge-doronicum, ukutshala nokunakekela akunzima. Le mbali ayilandeli futhi imelana nokuhluka kwezulu.
Ukunisela
I-doronicum kufanele iniselwe njalo, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande olusondele ebusweni alunakuthatha umswakama kusuka ezingxenyeni ezijulile zenhlabathi. Amanzi kungcono ukusebenzisa i-sludge. Ukuze umhlaba ungomi isikhathi eside, kunconywa ukuwuthulisa nge sawdust.
Ukufafaza
Isimo sezulu esishisayo, lesi sitshalo sizohlomula ngokufafaza kwakusihlwa noma ukufafaza. Ukushisekela kakhulu ngenkasa akudingekile ukuze unqabise izifo. Ama-daisy aphuzi awathandi umswakama omningi nomthunzi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungazibeki ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinkulu nasezindaweni eziphansi.
Inhlabathi
I-Kozulnik ayithandi inhlabathi enama-acid, i-clayey, nenzima. Ngokunokwenzeka, isitshalo esiqinile ngeke sife, kepha sikhula sincane, singenamandla, ngezimbali ezincane. Inketho enhle ukukhanya okulula, okuvulekile, okune-acidic enomthamo owanele wezakhi zomzimba.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo singanyathelwa ngamanyolo ayinkimbinkimbi, imbali iphendula kahle ngokulinganayo kumakhompiyutha amaminerali nasezakhiweni eziphilayo. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho kunokwenyuka kwezindawo ezintsha zokuthenga, ngeke kube yinto ephezulu ukondla imbuzi ngamakhompiyutha aqukethe i-nitrogen.
Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani
I-Doronicum imbali engaguqula usayizi wamaphalishi nobukhulu bemibala ngokuya ngezimo zezulu. Ngokuvamile, izimbali zibukeka njengama-daisies amancane, kungani evame ukudidaniswa ne-feverfew. Umbala wamaphalishi uphuzi okhanyayo, maphakathi kungaba mnyama, kuze kube nsundu. Kububanzi be-inflorescence ukusuka ku-4 kuye ku-15 cm, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo.
Izimbali doronicum
Izimbali ziqala entwasahlobo futhi zihlala ihlobo lonke. Izimbali ze-doronicum ezisikiwe ziyakwazi ukuma emanzini izinsuku ezingafika ku-14, ngenkathi zigcina ukubukeka okusha.
Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga
Njengomthetho, bathengisa i-doronicum enhlanyelweni. Uma izithombo zitholakala, zitshalelwa emhlabathini noma kwesokunxele ukuze zikhule efasiteleni. Isikhathi lapho sekuyisikhathi sokufudusa i-doronicum iza ngonyaka, lapho kufika isikhathi sokuhlukanisa isitshalo.
Kubalulekile! I-Kozulnik imelana nokubanda, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokufihla imbali ebusika.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Yize i-chamomile ephuzi iyisitshalo esinamabala, kusenezinkinga ngokutshala kwayo. Zingaxazululwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile futhi kulungiswe irekhodi lokunakekelwa.
Izinambuzane
Ama-aphid ajabulisayo nama-thrips awawanaki umdwebo ophuzi. Izinambuzane ezincane ezinconsela ijusi ekuqaleni azibangeli ukulimala okukhulu. Kepha, lapho bred, bayakwazi ukuhola doronicum ekufeni.
Kunezinambuzane eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezibhekana ngempumelelo namagciwane. Kwanele ukucubungula okutshalekile ngokwemiyalo, futhi izimuncagazi ezincane ngeke zesabe "ilanga" lengadi.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-slugs adla amahlamvu agibela esihlahleni. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwabo, kwanele ukufafaza inhlabathi ezungeze imbali nge-pepper yomhlabathi oshisayo. Isisu esithambile ngeke sivumele izidalwa ezinobungozi ukuba zinqobe umgoqo.
Isifo
Ukubola okumpunga kuvela ezitshalweni ezitshalwe ngokuqina, ngokunisela ngokweqile. Kungcono ukunciphisa izitshalo, ususe izingxenye ezinegciwane futhi uguqule umbuso wokunisela.
Ukugqwala kanye ne-powdery isikhutha nakho kuhlasela kakhulu ukutshala okugcwele amanzi. Ukunisela kuleli cala kumele kuncishiswe, izingxenye ezonakele zesitshalo zisuswe. Futha i-doronicum ngeTopazi noma esinye isidakamizwa esifanayo.
Izimpawu zokunakekelwa okungafanele
IDoronicum ingakhiqiza izimbali ezincane uma ingakahlwanyelwa isikhathi eside. Ukuze kuvuselelwe, lesi sitshalo simbiwa sahlukaniswa saba izingxenye. Izimbali ezintsha ku-roe ebuyekeziwe zizoba zikhulu ngokubonakalayo. Enye inkinga ekhulayo ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Lapho ubeka isitshalo esizeni, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi yize i-doronicum inezithombe eziningi, ukuvezelwa ngokweqile kwemisebe yelanga kuvusa ukuqunjelwa kwezimbali.
Kozulnik esizeni
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-doronicum enkundleni evulekile kulula kakhulu. Ngisho ne-novice izokwazi ukubhekana nazo, eziyojabulela ngokungabazeki ukujabulela ukuqhakaza okuqhakaza kwesilwane sasengadini.
