I-Dolphinium perennial

I-Delphinium ingaba ngumhlobiso wangempela wanoma iyiphi ingadi. Abantu bebayazi le mbali kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Uhlobo lwe-spur noma i-liveness (okuthiwa lesi sitshalo) luhlanganisa izitshalo ezingaphezu kwezingama-400 ezihlukene zabamele unyaka nonyaka. Zonke ziyafana nenkathi yezimbali ende, kanye nokuba khona kweziqu ezikhulu kakhulu noma i-inflorescence ethukile.

Umsuka nencazelo

Izwe elisemlandweni walesi sitshalo likhona eGreece, igama uqobo laqhamuka edolobheni laseDelphi, eduze kwalapho kwakhula khona inqwaba yezimbali. Igama laleso siko sanikezwa uDioscorides, owayengudokotela wasendulo ongumGreki futhi eyimvelo.

I-Delphinium, ukubukeka

Lesi sitshalo sinohlaka oluqondile oluyisiyingi, okunzima ukusiphula, ngoba izinhlobo ezinde zizodinga ukwenza i-garter. Izitshalo zomdalo zinokuphakama okungamamitha ayi-0.1 kuye kwangama-0,4, ubude - kuya kumamitha ama-2, amasampuli amahlathi - lezi zikhulu.

Amapuleti eqabunga le-Delphinium ahlukaniswe, anemiphetho emincane. Zingaba imishanguzo ebunjiwe noma i-multifaceted. Umbala wamaqabunga uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngombala wezimbali. Uma kumnyama, khona-ke amaqabunga aba nsundu noma abomvu, uma ukukhanya, bese kuluhlaza. Ukuhlelwa kwamaqabunga kuhlukile, ubukhulu bawo buthinteka ngekhwalithi yenhlabathi kanye nezinhlobo ze-larkpur.

Izimbali zingaba:

• elula;
• Half-kabili;
• terry.

Ifomu ngokwalo livumelaniswa nokugcotshwa kwama-bumblebees, hummingbirds, ngokwezinga elincane livumela izimvemvane. Ngombala, izimbali zingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi, izinhlobo zamasiko zinephalethi elicebe. Ama-inflorescence atholakala kokubili ukwethuka kanye ne-pyramidal.

Imbali elula

Izimbali zinobukhulu obungu-2-8 cm, lokhu kunqunywa ngezinhlobo zezilwane. I-inflorescence eyodwa iqukethe izimbali ezingama-50 kuye kwangama-80 akhiwe engxenyeni yesiqu.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-delphinium

Kungenzeka uhlukanise abamele i-genus fern ngamaqembu ama-3:

• Okuphakeme kakhulu - i-delphinium ephezulu kakhulu ikhula ibe amamitha ayi-3. Amapuleti amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza ogcwele, isiqu simbozwe nge-villi. Ama-inflorescence yi-corymbose, aminyene;
• Izimbali ezinkulu - zimelelwa yisitshalo sonyaka esifinyelela ku-0,8 m ukuphakama. Isiqu sinamagatsha aqonde mpo. I-Delphinium iqala ukuqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo;
• Inkambu - isebenza futhi ezincwadini, ukuphakama - ukuya kumamitha ayi-2. Isikhathi sezimbali nguJulayi-Septhemba. Ama-inflorescence yi-pyramidal, kukhona zombili izimbali eziphindwe kabili futhi ezilula.

Kuyasiza ukukhuluma ngemininingwane eminingi ngezinhlobo ezithile ezithokozisayo zokuphila.

I-Delphinium emhlophe

Abathandi bezitshalo ezingama-perennial kufanele bahlolisise izinhlobo ze-Halahard. Izici ezihlukanisayo zifaka ukuqina (cishe amamitha amabili) kanye nokuba khona kwezimbali ezimhlophe zeqhwa ezinobubanzi obufika ku-7 cm.

Izinhlobo ezimhlophe

Isitshalo sisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwemingcele nodonga. Kahle kahle, i-delphinium emhlophe iyanqunywa.

Delphinium ophuzi

Lo mthunzi ubonakala nge-delphinium enentshebe enwevu ekhula e-Iran nase-Afghanistan; ayisi-hybrid. Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-120. Labo abafuna ukukhula imbali enhle bayelulekwa ukuthi bathenge imithombo yembewu yeSun Knight. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka isici ophethwe yi-delphinium ephuzi - lokhu kungukushisa okukhulu kothando.

I-Delphinium eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Ungahlangana nommeleli onjalo esifundeni saseCaucasus. Lesi sikhathi esidlule sibizwa nangokuthi yi-delphinium enhle. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela ku-0,8 m, ama-inflorescence akhuphukela ku-0,45 m ubude, ijamo yi-cystiform. Izimbali zingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi.

Ibanga eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

I-Delphinium eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka imelelwa okungenani ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili nezinhlobonhlobo: izimbali ezinkulu noma isiShayina, "Royal", "Magic Fountain", "Pacific".

I-Delphinium eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Izinhlobonhlobo, ezibizwa nge- "Summer Sky", zizojabulisa labo bathandi bezitshalo abafuna ukukhulisa izimbali eziluhlaza okotshani. Ukuphakama kwe-fern kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Isiko le-perennial likhetha izindawo ngokukhanya okuhle nomthunzi othile ngezikhathi ezishisayo.

I-Delphinium eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni futhi iphela ngoJulayi. Izitshalo zingatshalwa ngobuningi nangokweqembu. Okunye okufakiwe ukuma okude ekusikeni. Lokhu kufaka ne-New Zealand Dolphinium.

UTerry Delphinium

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zifaka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kepha iBlack Knight izobukeka isebenza kakhulu. Isiko lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, ama-inflorescence amade, amise okomhlana, umbala wezimbali onsomi, eduze ne-lilac. Engadini yezimbali, isitshalo esinjalo sibukeka sihle nabanye abamele imindeni yaphakade.

I-knight emnyama

Terry Delphinium imelelwa izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• "I-Black Knight";
• UMgcini
• "Langabi lomlilo."

I-pink delphinium

Ungathola izinhlobo ezi-pink ngokuthenga izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• "Princess Princess";
• "I-Red Giant";
• "Dusky Maiden";
• "AmaSweethearts ajulile";
• "Isibambiso sobusha."

I-Princess carolina

I-Pink Delphinium "Isibambiso Sobusha" imelelwa izitshalo ezifinyelela kumamitha ayi-0.7, izimbali ziphuzi ngombala. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo ziphinde zipinki ngokushintshwa okuhlukahlukene.

Dlulisa emva kokuthenga endaweni evulekile

Ngaphezu kwalokho, mayelana ne-delphinium, iminyaka eminingi yokutshala nokunakekela. Isikhathi sokuqonda ubunzima bokukhula kwesitshalo esihle.

Okudingayo kokwehla:

• ama-fern bush (kungcono ukuthatha izitshalo ezineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala);
• indawo yokubeka;
• isekela i-garter, uma kukhethwa amabanga amade.

Indawo enhle

Ngokukhetha okuyindawo efanelekile yokutshala, i-fern izohlala ijabulisa umnikazi wayo ngezimbali ezinhle. Imithetho eyisisekelo imi ngalendlela elandelayo:

Indawo yokuhlala

1. Ukuba khona kokukhanya okuhle. Indawo ekahle yilapho kunokukhanya khona kwelanga ekuseni nakusihlwa, bese kugcotshwa ntambama. Isiko liyakubekezelela ukushisa kahle, kepha uma izinhlobonhlobo zigqokwa ngombala, zizophela ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga, okuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kokuheha nokuhlobisa.
2. Bufakazi bokwakhiwa Phakathi kwama-dolphiniums kunezinhlobo eziningi zezidalwa ezinde, amagagasi omoya azophula kalula iziqu eziyize.
3. Akufanele kube khona ukushibilika kwamanzi. Uma umswakama ungangeni enhlabathini isikhathi eside, khona-ke uhlelo lwezimpande luzokubola.
4. Ukugxila okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emhlabathini.

Ungawulungisa kanjani umhlaba

Lapho ukhulisa ihlengethwa, uma ngasizathu simbe inhlabathi esendaweni ayihambelani nalokho okuhle, ingathuthukiswa. Ngokusetshenziswa komhlaba wobumba:

• isihlabathi - amabhakede ama-1-2 nge-1 m²;
• umanyolo wamaminerali - 50-80 amagremu nge-1 m²;
• humus noma umquba - 20-25 kg nge-1 m².

Inhlabathi eyomile ngaphambi kokutshala okuphilayo, ithuthukisiwe nge-1 m²:

• ukugqoka kwamaminerali aphezulu - amagremu angu-40-50;
• Umanyolo we-organic - 10-15 kg.

I-Lime yengezwa enhlabathini ene-acidic, nesibabule emigremu yengezwe enhlabathini ye-alkali (30-50 amagremu nge 1 m²).

Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika

Ukufika kwe-Delphinium kwenzeka ngokwemigomo elandelayo:

• Ukumba umhlaba ngefosholo lefosholo.
• Kubekwa ungqimba lwamanzi angama-20 cm.
  

  Izimbumbulu

• Umhlaba owembiwe uhlanganiswa nomanyolo: umquba - 1 ibhakede, umlotha - izinkomishi ezi-2, isidlo samathambo - inkomishi e-1, superphosphate - 2 wezipuni. Inani libalwa 1 m².
• Izithombo zefern zehliselwa emhlabathini ukuze intamo yezimpande ingcwatshwe kungabi ngaphezu kwama-2-3 cm.

Ukuzalwa kweDolphinium

Kunezinketho eziningi zokuzalela i-fern yasekhaya.

Izimbumbulu

Izithombo zezitshalo entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokukhula kwamahlumela amancane. Lapho sebefinyelele ukuphakama okungama-10 cm, banganqunywa empandeni ngenhlayiyana encane. Ama-cutways atshalwe esitsheni esifanele ngomhlabathi, njengoba esejule impande ngo-2 cm. Umbuso wokushisa ofanele egumbini ungena ku-20-25 ° C.

Ukubeka isibambo endaweni enelanga kakhulu akunconywa, kungcono ukhethe umthunzi okhanyayo. I-Shelter eyenziwe ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene isetshenziselwa ukudala izimo ezifana nokubamba ukushisa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14-21, ukukhula kwezimpande zohlelo kuqala. Isikhathi senqubo sithatha izinsuku ezingama-28-35.

Ukutshala imbewu

Le ndlela ifaka izinketho ezi-2: imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngqo enhlabathini, noma izithombo kuqala zitholwe kuzo, bese izithombo zidluliselwa endaweni.

Ungazithola kanjani izithombo

Ungafinyelela ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila okungapheli ngokwenza uhlelo olulandelayo:

1. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari (phambi kwama-phytolamp wokukhanya okwengeziwe) noma udinga ukulinda kuze kukhuphuke amahora amaningi.
2. Imbewu iphathwa ngaphambi kokutshala.
3. Ukuzikhethela kokuhlwanyelwa nakho kubalulekile. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa iziqukathi ze-seedling ezijulile, lapho kunezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
4. Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi. Ungasebenzisa ingxube yendawo yonke ukuthola izithombo noma ama-anculents. Kulabo abafuna ukukwenza ngezandla zabo: izingxenye ezi-2 ze-peat, izingxenye ezi-4 zensimu noma zenhlabathi engadini, izingxenye ezi-2 ze-humus noma zomquba, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi. Inhlabathi kumele ivinjezelwe, engeza i-perlite ngesilinganiso sengilazi eyi-1 ngamalitha ayi-10 omhlaba.
5. Ukubulawa kwegciwane komhlabathi kwenziwa (ukufudumeza kuhhavini imizuzu engama-60). Uma ingxube ithengiwe, khona-ke kufanele ichitheke "i-Fitosporin."
6. Gcwalisa amathangi ngomhlabathi, uhlwanyele phezulu, ungadingi ukujula nokuchoboza.
7. Ngokufafaza, i-vermiculite noma ingxube encane yenhlabathi isetshenziswa.
8. Mboza iziqukathi ngamabhodlela noma nge-polyethylene, ubeke izitshalo endaweni epholile emnyama. Lapho bazoqala ukukhula.

Imbewu iqala ukumila maphakathi nesonto lesibili. Kunconywa ukuthi kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-7 (ngemuva kokutshala) ukuqhuba amasheke nsuku zonke zezithombo. Lapho nje kuvela izitshalo, kuzodingeka zithuthelwe egumbini elifudumele. Amakhemikhali nawo ayahamba.

Izimbali ze-Delphinium zitholakala kusuka kuzithombo ngaphansi kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• inhlabathi emanzi;
• amahora omhla we-12-16 amahora;
• lokushisa + 18-20 ° С.

Izithombo

Ukulanda kwenziwa lapho kuvela amaqabunga ayi-2 eqiniso. Amahlumela kudingeka abekwe ezinkomishini ezincane ezincane, inhlabathi izofana naleyo esetshenziselwa ukuhluma, futhi udinga ukufaka umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali ngesilinganiso sezipuni ezi-2 nge-10 wamalitha omhlaba.

Ukufakelwa engadini

I-Delphinium imbali kufanele itshalwe engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli, kubalulekile ukuqala ngokulungiselela ingadi:

• bamba inhlabathi 30 cm;
• ukondla uhlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi;
• yenza ama-grooves afinyelela ku-1.5 cm;
• ukuthambisa okuningi;
• ukusabalalisa imbewu ngemithombo;
• ukugcwalisa ngenhlabathi eyomile.

Ukuthola amahlumela asheshayo futhi anobungane ngokwengeziwe, umbhede wengadi uvaliwe ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa usebenzisa i-agrofibre noma ifilimu emnyama. Imibhede idinga ukuthanjiswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ingoma. Ungasusa okubalulekile ngemuva kokuvela ngezinsuku ezingama-21-28.

Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla

Udinga ukukhetha izihlahlana esezifinyelele eminyakeni eyi-3-4. Ukuze ukhiqizwe kabusha, intwasahlobo ilungeleka kahle lapho amaqabunga eqala ukukhula.

Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Ukusuka enhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukukhipha izimpande bese uhlukanisa ukuze i-Delenka ngayinye ibe nehlumela elilodwa, ihlumela elilodwa lokulala nezimpande eziningi. Ukufakelwa indawo kwenziwa endaweni elungiselelwe.

Ukunakekelwa

Ukunakekelwa nokulinyelwa kwe-Delphiniums akubandakanyi izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, into esemqoka ukwenza konke njalo.

Imodi yokunisela

Ngesikhathi sokukhula, i-fern eyodwa idla amalitha ayi-65 uketshezi. Uma ihlobo lingahambi ngemvula, khona-ke kanye ngesonto shrub ngalinye liniselwa ngamabhakede ama-2-3 amanzi. Imvamisa, kepha kancane, isiko liyaniselwa lapho ifomu le-inflorescence likhona. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi amanye ama-buds awakhuli ngokugcwele, futhi amafomu we-inflorescence ane-voids.

Ngokuqala kwekwindla sekwephuzile, nemvula enganele, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyenziwa futhi ukuze izilwane zasendle zilungiselele ubusika obuzayo. Ngemuva kokunisela nokomisa inhlabathi, kudingeka kube lula ukuba kusebenze.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izimbali zondliwa izikhathi ezimbili ngesizini:

• ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, i-urea, i-potassium sulfate (2 wezipuni zento ngayinye) no-1 isipuni se-superphosphate singezelelwa nge-1 m²;
• ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, i-phosphorus ne-potassium top dress yi-1 isipuni nge-1 m².

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza

Ukuze uthole ama-inflorescence amakhulu futhi aqine, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa i-delphinium. Kuyadingeka ukuqeda amahlumela abuthakathaka, ukuze ekugcineni kube neziqu ezingama-3-5. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zombili izinhlobo ezinde futhi ezingaphansi.

Iziqu ezibuthakathaka kanye nama-inflorescence asindayo aphuka kalula, ngakho-ke udinga ukunakekela i-garter. Isihlahla sinconywa ukulungiswa ezindaweni eziphakeme ezahlukene.

Ngesikhathi sokuphumula

Ngemuva kokuba izimbali seziqediwe, amahlumela aqala ukufa, futhi ukubukeka kwawo kushiya kufiseleka kakhulu. Uma kungahlelwanga ukuthi kuqoqwe izinto ezibonakalayo, khona-ke iziqu zidinga ukusikwa futhi kuqhutshekwe ukusikwa izindawo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ezinye izinhlobo ze-delphinium zingakhula amahlumela futhi ziqhakaze okwesibili.

Umphumela wemphumela

Ekwindla, ukuthenwa kwamahlumela akudingekile. Uma amanzi engena ezigxotsheni eziyize, udaba lungaphela ekuwohlokeni kohlelo lwezimpande.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Ngemuva kokuba ukuqhakaza kuqedwe futhi amaqabunga omile, kubalulekile ukunquma iziqu endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30 ukusuka emhlabathini. Yonke imisebe iyafakwa, ngoba lokhu udinga ukusebenzisa udaka noma ingadi var.

Uma izinhlobonhlobo zivikela isithwathwa, khona-ke izindawo zokukhosela ezikhethekile azifakwanga. Ukuvikelwa kuyadingeka kuphela ezitshalweni ezincane. Isisekelo sezihlahla simbozwe ngotshani noma nge-lapnik, kukhona izithombo ezifuywayo eduze kwezitshalo ukuze amanzi ngokweqile angalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukunakekelwa nokutshala i-delphinium kudinga umzamo othile, kuyakufanele. Ama-Spurs azoba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu, ongenamahloni ukukhombisa izivakashi.