I-primrose yangaphakathi: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya nezinketho zezinja

IPrimrose isitshalo esincane sokuhlobisa, inkathi yezimbali yaso eqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Elinye igama yi-primrose, ithatha izimpande emhlabathini ovulekile nasekhaya.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-primrose?

Imbali Primrose isitshalo herbaceous zisetshenziswa zomndeni womndeni Primrose. Amaqabunga adwetshwe ngemibala e-grey-green, imvamisa eyi-monophonic. Banesimo se-oval elongated, esidonsa phansi. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, imiphetho yamaqabunga iyisicaba noma ihlangene, ingaphezulu bushelelezi noma lifakiwe. Amaqabunga embozwe ngenqwaba encane, ethambile futhi kancane fluffy lapho uthinta.

Ukuphakama kwesiqu esinezimbali kuvame ukungabi ngaphezu kwama-25-50 cm, ngaphansi kwawo kuqhuma inqwaba yamaqabunga, ebekwa ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Phezulu kwe-peduncle kukhona i-inflorescence ngesimo sesambulela, esineqembu lezimbali. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinesiqu esifushane nezimbali ezizodwa zitholakala. Izimbali zingapendwe ngophuzi, onsomi, mhlophe futhi zibomvu, futhi ngompinki opinki nowe-lilac. Ama-petals angaba sobala noma abe nombala, umnyombo wembali uvame ophuzi.

Izimbali ezipinki

Imbali ekukhuleni okugcwele

Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 ze-primrose ezimila ngezimo zezulu eliphakathi nendawo, lokhu kufaka:

• I-primrose stemless ejwayelekile ifinyelela ngaphezu kwama-20 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga anomumo oqanda okuphezulu, ingaphezulu linemibala, lipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza ogcwele satjani. Ama-inflorescences aqukethe izimbali ezinobubanzi be-3-4 cm, umbala ungahluka. Izimbali ziqala ngo-Ephreli, ziphela ngoJulayi;
• I-primrose yasentwasahlobo - Isitshalo sangemuva esitholakala emahlathini asendle, emasimini nasezindalini. Well izimpande iziza engadini. Ubude besiqu buphakathi kuka-15-25 cm, amaqabunga aqhamukile anendawo engalinganiwe kanye nemiphetho emide. Izimbali zipendiwe ziphuzi, ziqoqwe nge-inflorescence ngesimo sesambulela;
• I-primrose yamagilebhisi kahle izimpande ezindaweni ezinamadwala, amaqabunga awo aqinile. Ingaphezulu leshidi libushelelezi futhi licwebezelwe, luhlaza okupendwe ngombala onsomi. Isiqu esidonsa izimbali mude, sikhula size sibe ngu-20-25 cm ubude. Ngaphezulu i-inflorescence yemisebe enjenge-spike, equkethe izimbali ezi-6 eziphuzi;
• I-primrose enhle-enamachashazi - Lesi yisitshalo esikhulu, ukuphakama kwaso kufinyelela kuma-cm angama-30. Amaqabunga kukhona okusaqanda futhi ububanzi, ingaphakathi lifakwe amazinyo emaphethelweni. Amaqabunga akhula aze afike kubude obungamasentimitha angama-40. I-inflorescence inesimo sebhola elinobubanzi obungamasentimitha 8-10, liqukethe izimbali zeshubhu ngosayizi ongu-10 cm. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, zidwetshwe ngombala omhlophe, obomvu, onsomi noma onsomi;
• Izinhlobo ze-Primula nge-Viale, noma I-Orchid, ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo, ngaphandle akubukeki njengophromo ojwayelekile. Lesi sitshalo zazalwe eChina, sakhiwe kahle enhlabathini emanzi. Isiqu esiqhakaza esifinyelela ku-20 cm ukuphakama sino-plaque ngaphezu kobude bawo bonke; i-inflorescence enama-buds ebunjiwe bell iyamqhele. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-primrose kaVial ifana nezimbali ze-lavender ngesimo nangombala;
• I-primrose kaZybold - isitshalo seqanda, esiqanjwe ngegama lozazi wezitshalo owaqala ngokuletha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo kusuka eJapan kuye eYurophu. I-inflorescence ngesimo sesambulela singafaka phakathi kwezimbali ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-15 ngasikhathi sinye, umbala umhlophe, lilac noma onsomi;
• I-Terry primrose yavunwa abafuyi bezinkomo, isici sayo esihlukanisayo siyinombolo enkulu yezilwane ezifuywayo, uma siqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo. Ngaphandle, izimbali zifana nama roses amancane aluhlaza, angaba mhlophe, abomvu futhi apinki;
• Izinhlobo ze-Primrose Obkonika - Isitshalo esincane esinezimpande ekhaya. Isitshalo esino rosette wamaqabunga awudluli ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama. Izimbali ezinkulu zikhula zifinyelela ku-8 cm ubukhulu, zinomumo oyindilinga futhi ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescences-umbrellas. Iqhakaza cishe unyaka wonke ngekhefu ehlobo;
• I-primrose yehlathi lasendle - isitshalo ngesisekelo lapho kutholakala khona ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo. Ikhula endle, emahlathini nasemasimini;
• Primrose engadini yaseJapan - Isitshalo sangemuva, kungokwesigaba se-candelabrum ngenxa yokuhlelwa okuningi kwe-inflorescence. Isiqu esikhulu sikhula size sifinyelele ku-40-50 cm ukuphakama, amaqabunga agqamile, ngesisekelo axhumene nesixha esilinganayo. Izimbali zidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene ebomvu nepinki.

Indaba yokubukeka

Akukaziwa ukuthi i-primrose yavela nini ngqo, ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babazi ngezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha. Kunezinganekwane eziningana ngomsuka walembali. Omunye wabo uthi umphostoli uPhetro wayengumgcini wezihluthulelo zePharadesi, kwathi ngolunye usuku wezwa ukuthi imimoya emibi ibisungule okhiye bayo. UPeter wethuka futhi, ngenxa yokungakhathaleli kwakhe, waphonsa isixha phansi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaqhakaza imbali kule ndawo eyayimkhumbuza ngalesi sehlakalo. I-primrose inflorescence ibheke phezulu ifana nesixuku sezinkinobho. Kuhunyushwe kusuka eJalimane, igama lembali lizwakala ngokuthi "okhiye bakaPeter" noma "okhiye basezulwini."

I-inflorescence ephuzi

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya

I-primrose ingapheli, ukutshala nokunakekela okuthatha isikhathi esincane, kuzojabulisa ukuqhakaza okuqhakaza kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Isitshalo sidinga izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nokunisela okuvamile, kuyadingeka futhi ukukhetha umhlaba ofanele wokutshala.

Umswakama

Amaphesenti omswakama womoya we-primrose awubaluleke kakhulu, isitshalo sinezimpande zombili emakamelweni amile nasendaweni emanzi. Esikhathini esishisayo, amaqabunga angomile ukuze lokhu kungenzeki; nsuku zonke kuyadingeka ukuwaphuzisa ngamanzi axazululiwe esibhamu sokufafaza.

Ukushisa

Ukuze uthole i-primrose, kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso wokushisa, imbali ayikubekezeleli ukushisa. Izinga lokushisa lomoya elifanelekile le-primrose lingu-15-18 ° C, ehlobo kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwama-20 ° C. Ngenkathi ebandayo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sime egumbini elipholile, kwi-loggia noma kuvulandi. Uma imbiza yezimbali ikufasitela, kungcono ukukhetha amakamelo amafasitela awo abheke eNtshonalanga, eNyakatho noma eMpumalanga.

Imbali emafasiteleni

Ukunisela

Esikhathini sezimbali, i-primrose idinga inani elikhulu lomswakama, kufanele iniselwe njalo. Umhlaba ebhodweni lezimbali kufanele uhlale umswakama, ngaphandle kokweqile. I-Primrose ayibekezeleli inani elikhulu lamanzi ayanyakaza. Imithetho Yokunisela:

• Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo siniselwa zonke ezinye izinsuku, inani lamanzi lincike emthonjeni webhodwe. Thela amanzi ngengxenye kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi iba manzi;
• Ebusika, lesi sitshalo siniselwa zonke izinsuku ezingama-2-3 noma lapho umhlabathi womile;
• Esikhathini esishisayo, ama-primroses aniselwa nsuku zonke;
• Amanzi wokunisela kufanele ahlale ezitsheni ezivulekile izinsuku eziningana. Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi ngokushesha;

Ingxube yomhlaba

I-Primrose, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya okubandakanya ukuchelela nokugqoka ngaphezulu, kufanele kutshalwe kungxube ekhethekile yenhlabathi. Ground ye-primrose kufanele ibe okunempilo futhi iqonde. Phansi ebhodweni, beka ungqimba lwamanzi amatshe amatshe amahle noma i-vermiculite 1-2 cm ukuphakama. Okwezingxube zomhlaba kufanele zixutshwe ngokulingana okufanayo:

• Umhlabathi wamashidi;
• Isihlabathi;
• Umhlabathi we-Peat.

Ukutshala i-primrose yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Obkonika, kufanele ungeze enye ingxenye yenhlabathi ye-turf.

Ngaphambi kokuba ama-buds akhiwe, umhlaba awukwazi ukuvundiswa, ngoba amaqabunga kuphela azoqala ukukhula. Umanyolo usetshenziswa phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Njengokugqoka okuphezulu, sebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi we-liquid wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Udinga ukuyisebenzisa ngenani elincane.

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo

I-primrose yangaphakathi iyathengiswa ezitsheni ezincane, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga kudinga ukuthungwa. Futhi, izitshalo ezindala ezingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-3-4 zidluliselwa endaweni entsha.

Ukuze udlulise i-primrose, kubalulekile ukukhetha ibhodwe elilungile, ivolumu yalo kufanele ibe likhulu izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezingama-2 kabili kunaphezulu kwesitshalo esinamaqabunga. Ngezansi kwembiza kufanele kube nokuvuleka kokuphuma kwamanzi ngokweqile. Ungathenga umhlaba owenziwe ngohlobo lwe-primrose noma uzenzele ngokwakho ngokuxuba isihlabathi, i-peat kanye nomhlaba onqenqemeni ngokulinganayo.

Ungashintsha kanjani:

1. Bumba ngesitshalo ngokucophelela. Uma izimpande zihambisanisiwe, awudingi ukuzisula, vele unikine umhlaba owedlulele. Ama-primroses anezimpande ezacile futhi ezibuthaka eziphuka kalula;
2. I-Drainage ibekwe ezansi kwembiza, ubukhulu be-ungqimba busuka ku-1 kuye ku-3 cm, kuya ngosayizi webhodwe;
3. Ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa inhlabathi eyi-3-4 cm yenhlabathi elungiselelwe bese uyihlanganisa ngezandla ukuze izimpande zesitshalo zingathinti amanzi;
4. Isitshalo kumele sibekwe ebhodweni, ezinhlangothini ukuze sigcwalise nomhlaba. Akubalulekile ukwenza inhlabathi;
5. Imbali kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi axazululiwe. Inhlabathi ingahlangana futhi ixazululwe, kulokhu udinga ukufaka inhlanganisela yenhlabathi eyengeziwe.

Uhlelo lwezimpande lwe-Primrose

Izindlela zokuzala

Abanikazi be-primrose bangasabalalisa kalula isitshalo, lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukile. Kokubili okungumbala ophuzi naphakathi ophuzi kungakhula ngembewu noma ngokuhlukanisa isitshalo sibe izingxenye.

Imbewu

Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ama-primroses akhula esakhiweni segadi. Ekhaya, udinga isikhathi esanele sokuba imbewu ikhule. Udinga ukutshala imbewu ngoJuni-Julayi, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle:

1. Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela ithangi ukuze ifike, kufanele ibe ngaphansi;
2. Ithangi ligcwele izingxube zomhlaba ezihlose ukutshala i-primrose. Ukuphakama kwesendlalelo kufanele kube ngu-2-3 cm;
3. Imbewu ye-Primrose incane, ayidingi ukungcwatshwa ngokujulile. Kwanele ukuwabeka phezulu komhlaba futhi akuqhoboze okuncane;
4. Isitsha simbozwe ifilimu noma ipulasitiki, sibekwe endaweni epholile. Amazinga okushisa kufanele abe phakathi kuka-15-19 ° C.

Amahlumela emhlabathini

Umhlaba ebhodweni kufanele uhlale unomswakama, kepha ungamanzi. Nsuku zonke udinga ukususa ifilimu ukuze unikeze inhlabathi ngembewu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 - 20, kuzovela amahlumela okuqala.

Ukwehlukanisa isihlahla

Ezitshalweni zasendlini, ukusakazwa kwezitshalo okuvame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa. Isitshalo kanye nohlelo lwezimpande lunqunywa ezingxenyeni eziningana. Ungabelana nge-primrose yabantu abadala kuphela, hhayi engaphansi kweminyaka engu-3-4. Ungayenza kanjani kahle:

1. Isitshalo sikhishwa ngokucophelela ebhodweni, sishunqisa inhlabathi eyeqile;
2. Izimpande zidinga ukugezwa ngamanzi abandayo agobhozayo, zifakwe indwangu eyomile. Amanzi amaningi kufanele ageze;
3. Kusetshenziswa ummese obukhali, isihlahla sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Ucezu ngalunye kufanele lube nephuzu lokukhula eli-1 - ingxenye engenhla yehlumela eliyinhloko;
4. Izingxenye kufanele zelashwe ngokushesha nge-carbon powder.

Zonke izingcezu ezisikiweyo zesihlahla kufanele zitshalwe ngokushesha emhlabathini, ngaphandle kwalokho zingoma.

Ukuphoqelela i-Primrose

I-distillation inqubo yokusheshisa ukukhula kwesitshalo. Ukuze kube nezimbali, kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari 14 noMashi 8, lapho isidingo sezimbali sikhuphuka kaningana.

Izimbiza eziningi zezimbali

Ukuze uthole primrose efanelekile etshalwe kusuka imbewu, iminyaka yabo kumele ibe okungenani iminyaka emi-2. Uma imbali yasakazwa ngokwahlukana, udinga ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezingaphezulu kweminyaka engu-3. I-distillation yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Ama-primroses atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile endaweni eyi-15-20 cm phakathi kwezithombo. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yisigwili ku-humus, uzungu lwama-50 m² luvundiswa nge-3-4 kg ye-superphosphate ne-1 kg ye-potassium sulfate. Ngokwengeziwe, ungenza ama-100-150 kg womquba noma womquba;
2. Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, izithombo zidinga ukondliwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngamanyolo we-liquid. Ingxube yamanzi nomquba ngokwesilinganiso se-10: 1;
3. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, ama-primroses asemgwaqweni ahlanganiswa kanye nesiqephu esikhulu somhlaba;
4. Izitshalo ezimbiwe zitshalwa ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe noma ngokushesha ezimbizeni lapho zihlala khona. Gcwalisa amabhodwe ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat noma ukuxutshwa komhlaba wokuhambisa primrose. Akudingekile ukondla inhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga kuphela azoqala ukukhula;
5. Izitshalo ezitshaliwe zigcinwa ezindlini ezingaphansi kokushisa kwe-5-9 ° C. Uma ngabe iqhwa alinzima, ukugcotshwa okugcinwe ezindlini zokugcina ingaphakathi kuvunyelwe, okufafazwe ngamahlamvu owomile ebusika;
6. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari kuya ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, izitshalo zidluliselwa egumbini elikhanyisiwe, izinga lokushisa komoya kufanele libe ngaphakathi kuka-17 ° C. Phakathi nesonto, i-primrose iniselwa njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngenani elincane lamanzi, umbuso wokunisela owedlule uvuselelwa kancane kancane.

Ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza ngo-Ephreli, ezinye ziqhume ngoFebhuwari. Entwasahlobo, lama-primroses angatshalwa esizeni, ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa angaphinde asetshenziswe ukuze kube yi-distillation.

Ama-primroses izimbali ezimila kahle ngezimo ezihlukile, kufaka phakathi ekhaya. Uma i-primrose inakekelwa kahle, izothokozela isikhathi eside ngokubukeka kwayo, imibala egqamile nephunga elimnandi.