I-pear Noyabrskaya iyinhlobo ecishe ibe ejwayelekile yaseYurophu enezimpande zaseMoldova. Kuyathandwa ePoland, Holland, Belgium, Moldova, e-Ukraine. E-Russia, leli peya laqala ukusabalala ngonyaka ka-2014.
Incazelo yebanga
Kunamapheya amabili wohlobo lweNoyabrskaya, oluthi "namesake". Esokuqala satholakala ngonyaka wama-50s ngeledlule yi-Far Eastern Science Science Institute of Agriculture futhi safakwa kwiRegistry Yombuso ngo-1974 esifundeni SaseFar East. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kube wumphumela wokuwela kwepharesi lase-Ussuri ngethala lesikhathi sasebusika. Inezinzuzo ezithile - i-hardness yasebusika eqinile esifundeni sayo, ukumelana nomqhele, phezulu (ama-64- 174 kg / ha) nezitshalo zonyaka. Ukungalingani ezingeni leminyaka engu-3-4. Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kumnandi futhi kumuncu, kuhle. Ukushushuluka nokuphatheka kuphezulu. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngoSepthemba, futhi ukuvuthwa kwabathengi kutholakala ngo-Okthoba - Novemba. Izithelo zingagcinwa kuze kube sekupheleni kukaDisemba. Kepha ngenxa yokubuyisa okukhulu - isethulo se-Mediocre sezithelo ezincane (65 g) - izinhlobonhlobo azizange zithole ukuthandwa.
Uhlobo lwe-Far Eastern lwethanga likaNovemba linezithelo ezincane
Iparele lesibili lezinhlobonhlobo zeNoyabrskaya latholakala eMoldova ngumfuyi womndeni uKsenia Dushutina. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokunqamula izinhlobo i-Triumph Vienne (izinhlobonhlobo zezithelo ezinkulu zaseFrance) kanye no-Nikolai Krueger (indabuko yasendulo engavunyelwe yiqhwa yaseRomania, izinhlobo ezinkulu ezikhiqiza izithelo, ezikhiqizayo). UNovemba uthandwa e-Ukraine, Russia, Europe. EPoland, sikhule ngezimboni iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Ilayisense elijwayelekile lokutshala izithombo zaleli peya liphethwe ngumhlengikazi waseDashi uVan Rhein de Bryn. E-European Union, iparele likaNovemba libhaliswe ngaphansi kwegama lomlobi walo - uXenia, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo zinamagama amaningi angekho emthethweni - uNovemba ubusika, ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba, uNovembra, Oksana, uNojabrskaja, uNovebirne.
Lapho, ngonyaka ka-2014, ngesicelo seNikitsky Botanical Garden (eCrimea), kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi angezwe ezinhlobonhlobo ezathola ukuthandwa kwiRegional State of Russia, zathola ukuthi igama elinjalo selivele likhona. Indlela yokuphuma yatholakala ngokushesha - izinhlobonhlobo zanikwa igama elithi Noyabrskaya Moldova futhi zifakwa esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus.
Abalimi banesithakazelo ngokunembile kwesibili se "namesakes."
Umuthi uphakathi nendawo, umqhele mncane-iphiramidi, wobuningi obuphakathi. Njengamapharele amaningi ezimboni, awutyalela ehlathini kanye ne-quince. Esimweni sokuqala, umuthi uphakeme futhi ubusika buqinile. Iqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka we-4-5 ngemuva kokutshala. Yakhelwe ku-quince, iparele likhula okuncane, okuvumela ukuthi ulikhulise kwi-trellis. Futhi i-fruiting kuleli cala kwenzeka ngaphambili - ngonyaka we-3. Isithelo esiphansi somuthi ku-quince isiphunzi sisuswa ngobuningi bokutshala obuphakeme. Ngobuchwepheshe obufanele, buthela izithelo ezingafika ku-40-50 t / ha ngonyaka. Iqhakaza ngoMeyi. Ngokupholisa impova, izinhlobonhlobo zehlobo laseWill zivame ukusetshenziswa. I-Noyabrskaya ehlukahlukene (Ksenia) inokumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa ezindaweni lapho kulinywe khona izimboni, kanye nokugomela ukushisa kanye nokushisa kwamagciwane. Inamandla kunezinhlobo zeNgqungquthela, ithintwa imikhaza, kepha inciphe ekuhlaselweni yiqabunga leqabunga (ameva weparele).
Iparele likaNovemba linesihlahla esiphansi esine-pyramidal, esakaza umqhele
Izithelo zandisiwe, zinkulu. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bungu-300-400 g (200 g kukhonjiswa kuRejista Yezwe, kepha imithombo eminingi ithi isisindo esithe xaxa), isisindo singama-600 g.Ukuvunwa kwenzeka ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, kanti ithini lamapheya selikulungele ukudliwa ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Inani eliphakeme lesidingo lonyaka omusha. Isikhumba se-pear siminyene, siluhlaza okotshani ngombala onamachashazi amancane angaphansi. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zithola umbala ophuzi onsundu ngokufiphala nje. I-pulp ine-juicy, ithenda, i-buttery, iphunga. Ine-ukunambitheka okumnandi, okumnandi nokunambitheka. Amaphuzu wokunambitha - amaphuzu angu-4.8. Esiqandisini, ipharele lingagcinwa kuze kube ngu-Ephreli ngaphandle kokulahleka kwezindawo zabathengi. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, kufanele igcinwe ekushiseni kwegumbi isonto lonke ukuveza ukunambitheka ngokuphelele.
Izithelo zeparele kaNovemba zifinyelela isisindo esingama-300-400 g noma ngaphezulu
Ividiyo: Ukubuyekezwa kwethanga likaNovemba
Ukutshala izinhlobonhlobo zethanga i-Noyabrskaya
Izimo zokutshala eliphakathi kweNoyabrskaya kumele zihlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile zalesi sitshalo:
- ithambeka elincane eliseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, elivikelwe emimoyeni ebandayo yasenyakatho;
- ilanga, indawo engavaliwe;
- ukuntuleka kokuntengantenga kwamanzi, ukuvela okujulile kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba;
- umhlabathi okhululekile, oxoshwe nge-acidity ye-pH 5.0-6.5.
Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezingomakhelwane ekutshaleni iqembu yi-3 m, phakathi kwamarowu - ama-4 m. Kungenzeka ukukhula kuma-trellises, kulokhu, ukutshala okuhlanganisiwe kufinyelelwa kumamitha ayi-2 ngokulandelana kuze kufinyelele kumamitha amathathu phakathi kwezintambo.
Ezifundeni ezifudumele, ungatshala amapharele entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngesikhathi sokutshala akukho ukugeleza okuphuma kuthi izithombo zikwimeko yokulala. Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla, kungaluleka ukumboza izitshalo nge-spanbond ebusika bokuqala ukugwema ukulimala kwesithwathwa okungenzeka. Ezivandeni zezimboni, kuvame ukuthi kutshalwe izithombo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala.
Uma izitshalo ezine-system evaliwe yezimpande zitholakala, khona-ke ubudala bungaba bukhulu, futhi bungatshalwa kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba.
Lapho kukhula amapharele ku-trellis, ukusekelwa kufanele kufakwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izingongolo zekhonkrithi zensimbi noma eziqinisiwe ezifakwe kubude be-4-5 m ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukuphakama kwawo ngenhla komhlaba kufanele kube ngaphakathi kwamamitha ayi-3-3,5. Phakathi kwezinsika kudwebe imigqa eminingana yensimbi ebunjiwe enobubanzi obungu-4-5 mm ngesikhala esingamasentimitha angama-40-50.
Inqubo yokufaka:
- Cishe inyanga ngaphambi kokufika okuhleliwe, kufanele kulungiswe umgodi wokufika, ukujula nobubanzi bawo okungaba cm 80. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, umgodi usembiwa ekwindla. Ngokwesimo senhlabathi esindayo, ukudonswa kwamanzi kufanele kuhlelwe ngokubeka ungqimba lwamasentimitha ayi-10 amatshe aqhekekile noma izitini ezaphukile phansi.
Ngokudonswa kwamanzi, ungqimba lodoti noma obunjiwe wezitini ubekwa ezansi komgodi.
- Umgodi ugcwaliswa phezulu ngenhla ngokwakhiwa kwezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-humus, chernozem, peat nesihlabathi ngokufakwa kwe-300-400 g ye-superphosphate ne-3-4 l yomlotha wokhuni.
- Izimpande zezithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evulekile zifakwe emanzini amahora amaningi ngaphambi kokutshala. Kuzoba kuhle uma ungeza izithasiselo zokukhula emanzini, isibonelo, i-Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, njll.
- Emgodini yakha umgodi onendunduma enkabeni. Isikhonkwane esingu-1-1.3 m ukuphakama kusuka emhlabathini siqhutshwa ngo-10-15 cm ukusuka enkabeni. Uma kusetshenziswa i-trellis, khona-ke asikho isidingo sesikhonkwane.
- Isithombo sitshalelwe emgodini ngentambo yezimpande ngaphezulu kwefindo. Balala ngomhlaba, bayihlanganise ngokucophelela ezingxenyeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi, ngenxa yokutshala, intamo yezimpande isezingeni lomhlabathi.
Umsuka wempande yesithombo kufanele ube sezingeni lomhlabathi
- Bopha isihlahla esikhonkwaneni noma ku-trellis enezinto ezenziwe ngobuningi. Kulokhu, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi isiqu asidluliswanga.
- Kwenziwa umbuthano wesiqu usebenzisa i-chopper noma umsiki wendiza futhi inhlabathi iniselwa kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokhu, akukho zono okufanele zihlale endaweni yezimpande.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, inhlabathi kumele idambulwe futhi ifakwe i-hay, humus, sawdust ebolile, njll.
- Umqhubi osenkabeni kufanele asikwe aze afike ku-60-80 cm, futhi amagatsha kufanele ancishiswe ngo-50%.
Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa
I-Pear Noyabrskaya idinga ukuthambisa njalo futhi inala, ngoba ayibekezeleli isomiso. Uma umlimi engamyekela isihe sokuphelela, khona-ke umphumela uyoba izithelo ezincane, ezinzima. Futhi ngokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, amaqanda angabuna.
Ukunisela
Ngenkathi, njengomthetho, kufanele unisele i-Noyabrskaya eliphindwe kashlanu kuya kwayi-10. Vele, imvamisa yokuchelela kuya ngenani lemvula kanye nomswakama wendawo. Ukugcwala amanzi ngokweqile nakho ngeke kube yinzuzo - akudingekile ukuthi kulondolozwe “isixhanti” isiyingi esiseduze.
Ukunquma isidingo sokunisela, kuhlolwa okulula. Ukusuka kumbuthano osondelene nesiqu udinga ukuthatha inhlabathi eningana, uyihlabe esikhonkwane bese uyijikijela kusuka endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi 1. Uma, ngomphumela, ukugoqa kwesigaxa, umuthi kufanele uniselwe. Uma inhlama ihlala iqinile, kukhona umswakama owenele emhlabathini.
Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyeleleka komoya-mpilo esifundeni sezimpande. Unganciphisa inani lokunisela nokutshala ngokusebenzisa i-mulching yeziqu. Ekutshaleni kwamaqembu, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhula kuma-trellises, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa ama-draip irrigation system.
Okokutshala kwamaqembu, kungakuhle ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokunisela nge-drip
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izithelo ezinkulu zezithelo ezinkulu zidinga inani elikhulu lezakhamzimba. Eminyakeni yokuqala engama-3-4, ngenkathi izithelo zingakaqali, isihlahla sinamanyolo anele abekwe emgodini wokutshala. Ngokuzayo, udinga ukwengeza phezulu ngalolu hlelo:
- Kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3, entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kufakwa umanyolo we-organic ukumba. Kungaba i-humus, umquba noma i-Peat. Zisetshenziswa ngesilinganiso se-5-7 kg / m2.
- Njalo entwasahlobo, kufanele kusetshenziswe umquba we-nitrogen oqukethe amaminerali, onomthelela ekukhuleni okuhle kwamahlumela amancane. Kungaba urea, ammonium nitrate, nitroammophosk. Zibuye zethulwe ukumba ku-30- 40 g / m2.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umqhele ungalashwa ngesisombululo se-2 g se-boric acid kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwandeni kwesibalo sama-ovari.
EYurophu, ama-gibberellins asetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngezinhloso ezinjalo - izidakamizwa ezishukumisa ukwakheka kwamaqanda bese zandisa isisindo sezithelo. Izinhlobonhlobo zethanga uNoyabrskaya uphendula kahle ukusetshenziswa kwama-gibberellins.
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, udinga ukondla lesi sihlahla izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngamanyolo we-potash, ngemuva kokuwachitha emanzini. Ngale njongo, i-potassium monophosphate noma i-potassium sulfate isetshenziswa ngesilinganiso se-10-20 g / m2.
- Ehlobo, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithelo, umanyolo we-organic asiza kahle. Zilungiselelwe ngokufaka i-mullein emanzini (okuhlushwa i-2: 10), amaconsi ezinyoni (1: 10) noma utshani obusha (ama-5-7 kg ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, ukumnika okugxile kuxutshwe namanzi engxenyeni ka-1: 10 kanye nemijikelezo yemikhondo enamanzi, kusetshenziswa ibhakede elilodwa nge-1 m2.
- Ekwindla, kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-superphosphate yokumba ngesamba esingu-30-40 g / m2.
- Ama-microelements adingekayo afakiwe njengengxenye yamanyolo ayinkimbinkimbi, kulandela imiyalo yemiyalo enamathiselwe.
Ukuncipha
Ngaphandle kokwakhiwa komqhele ofanele, isivuno esikhulu ngeke sitholakale. Njengoba iparele langoNovemba linesiqu esincane, umqhele esimweni sesitsha mkhulu kakhulu kuso. Ukuthena okunjalo sekungumlimi oqalayo.
Umqhele owenziwe ngesondo
Izinzuzo zale fomu yilezi: ukunakekelwa okulula nokunakekelwa, ukudala umoya omncane wevolumu yangaphakathi nokukhanya kwayo. Okubi kufaka phakathi ukukhula okuthe xaxa kwamahlumela, ukukhulisa umqhele, ozodinga ukuthenwa okulawulwa minyaka yonke. Ukuthena okwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kwenziwa ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba ukugeleza kwesiqalo kuqale eminyakeni emi-4-5 yokuqala yokuphila kwesihlahla.
Nge pearl Noyabrskaya, ukwakheka komqhele ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitsha kufanelekile
Ukwenziwa komqhele wePalmette
Leli fomu liyasetshenziswa lapho kukhula amapheya ku-trellis. Ukuze kwenziwe i-fruiting, kukhethwe amagatsha angama-10-12 wamathambo endizeni eyodwa. Ziboshelwe ezintambo ze-trellis, kanti amagatsha akhula kakhulu izithelo ashiywe ukuze akhule ngokukhululeka. Ukuze uvimbele ukuqina, anqunywa ngendlela yokuthi amahlumela asele aqhamuka komunye nomunye buqamama-15-20 cm.
I-Palmette ebunjiwe umqhele ofanele okhulayo wamapheya ku-trellis
Zonke amahlumela ezingadingeki futhi ezincintisanayo zinqunywa emhlabathini ngenqubo ethi “indandatho”.
Amahlumela anqunywa esisekelweni ngenqubo ethi “indandatho”
Lungisa ukunqampuna
Lo msebenzi wenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze kulungiswe ubukhulu bomqhele ngokususa amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi. Kufanele kube ukuhlakanipha ukusondela kule nqubo futhi ugweme ukuncipha ngokweqile, ngoba lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesivuno esithile.
Crop Support
Kwenziwa ukuze kulondolozwe isivuno esiphakeme esizinzileyo. Kuqukethe okubizwa ngokuthi yi-minting of amahlumela amancane, okwenziwa engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo ngokunciphisa ngama-5-10 cm. Lokhu kuthuntuzela amahlumela ngamagatsha ezithelo. Kamuva babeka izimbali zezimbali. Muva nje, abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho basebenzise indlela yokulungisa ifindo lokufaka esikhundleni ukuze balondoloze isivuno. Ngale ndlela, abathengisi bewayini basebenzisa ngempumelelo. Kuyinkimbinkimbi ngandlela-thile kunemali ejwayelekile, kodwa kunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Muva nje, abalimi abanolwazi balokhu besebenzisa indlela yokuqamba esikhundleni sokufaka ifindo ukuze balondoloze isivuno
Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka
Kubalulekile ekugcineni isihlahla esinempilo. Chitha ekwindla sekwephuzile, ususa amagatsha omisiwe, aphukile, onesifo. Kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukwenza inqubo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokuvuna. Isikhathi sokulondolozwa esilandelayo nekhwalithi yezithelo kuncike kulokhu. Ezimweni zokutshala kwezimboni, lapho izithelo zithathwa kunqunywa kusetshenziswa izindlela zaselebhu - usizi lwedriphu lunqunywe, iphesenti lezinto ezanyibilikayo ezilinganisiwe likalwa, bese kuthathwa isampula le-iodine-starch. Kuyacaca ukuthi lokhu akutholakali kumlimi ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uthembele kulwazi lwakho, izincomo zomakhelwane bakho - ngokulinga nangephutha, unganquma isikhathi esifanele sokuqala isivuno. Kungcono ukugcina izithelo zinamabhokisi aphansi, anomoya omncane zilandelana. Kuzoba kuhle uma amabhokisi ebekwe engaphansi ngeqondo lokushisa lomoya ku-2-5 ° C.
Kungcono ukugcina izithelo zinamabhokisi aphansi, anomoya omncane zilandelana
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ungavumeli i-pearl ukuthi itheleleke ezifweni, kanye nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Kulula ukuvikela lezo zinkinga kunokuba ubhekane nazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuvimbela
Umlimi okhuthele futhi onolwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi wenza umsebenzi wokuzivikela nokuhlanzeka:
- Njalo lapho kuwa, ingadi iyahlanzwa. Ngemuva kokuphela kokuwa kwamaqabunga, amaqabunga awile, ukhula, amagatsha asele ngemuva kokuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kuhlanganiswa izinqwaba. Ziyashiswa, bese kusetshenziswa umlotha ukufaka umanyolo ezitshalweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlayiya zesikhunta, izimbungulu, imikhaza nezinye izinambuzane ezingabusika kule udoti ziyachithwa.
- Hlola amagxolo ezihlahla. Uma kutholakala imifantu nokunye ukulimala, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanze izindawo ezinjalo ngokhuni olunempilo, bese ulapha nge-fungicides bese umboza nge-varnish yengadi.
- Iziqu kanye namagatsha esihlahla awugqinsi kwenziwa mhlophe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ikhambi le-hydrate lime, lapho kufakwa khona u-3% we-sulphate ne-glue glue. Lokhu kokugcina kuzovimbela ukugezwa kwekhambi ngemvula. Le ndlela izogwema ukushiswa yilanga ebusika.
I-Whitewashing ivimbela ukushiswa yilanga kwegxolo
- Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala, bambe inhlabathi emibuthanweni eseduze nesiqu esisekelweni sefosholo, baphendulela izingqimba zomhlaba. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinambuzane ezidonsa ubusika kuzo ziyovela ngaphezulu bese zibulawa yisithwathwa.
- Ukuze uthuthukise umphumela ngasikhathi sinye, kungenzeka ukwelapha imiqhele yomhlabathi nesihlahla ngesixazululo esingu-3% se-sulfate yethusi noma i-Bordeaux ingxube. Ukuphathwa okufanayo kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, imiqhele yesihlahla iphathwa nge-herbicides ebanzi enobubanzi obunamandla. Izidakamizwa ezifakazelwe kahle i-DNOC (ezisetshenziswa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3) kanye neNitrafen (esetshenziswa eminyakeni esele). Ukwelashwa okunjalo kuyizindlela zokuvimbela cishe kuzo zonke izifo ezaziwayo nezinambuzane.
- Isilinganiso esisebenzayo sokulwa nokungena kwezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene - izintuthwane, imichilo, amacimbi - esihlahleni somuthi ukufakwa kwamabhande okuzingela iziqu. Zingenziwa ngezinto zokwenziwa ithuthukisiwe - okokufaka uphahla, ifilimu, ukuqhuma, njll.
Ibhande lokuzingela lingenziwa ngezinto zokwenziwa ngcono.
- Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhakaze izimbali, lapho amabhu aqala ukundiza, umqhele uphathwa ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane enjengoDecis noFufanon. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okunye ukwelashwa okungama-2-3 kwenziwa ngokunqunyelwa kwezinsuku ezingama-7-7 ngama-insecticides e-systemic biological, ngokwesibonelo, iSpark Bio.
- Futhi, ngemuva kokuqhakaza, baqala ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic ngama-fungicides e-systemic ukuvikela izifo fungal. Zenziwa njalo ngesikhawu samaviki ama-2-3. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu esimweni sezulu esimanzi nangemva kwemvula. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuvunwa, izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa isikhathi sokulinda esifushane, njengeSkor, Horus, Quadris, ziyasetshenziswa.
Izifo ezingaba khona
Akuzona zonke izifo i-pearl kaNovemba enokugonywa. Kufanele zaziwe.
I-Moniliosis (ukushiswa kwezezimali)
Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukhunta, okuvame ukwethulwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezinyosi nezinye izinambuzane. Kuthinta izimbali, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela wamapheya, ngenxa yalokho aphela futhi abe mnyama. Ukusuka ohlangothini, into ebukeka sengathi iyashisa. Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezinjalo, amahlumela athintekile kufanele anqunywe ngokushesha kanye nengxenye yokhuni olunempilo bese eshiswa, bese umuthi uphathwa nge fungicides. Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta izithelo ngokubola okungwevu.
Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ibangela ukubola kwesithelo
Ukugqwala
Lesi sifo sithinta ithini lamapheya, hhayi kude nalapho kukhona khona ama-juniper plantings. Lokhu kungenxa yobucayi bokukhula kwesikhunta se-pathogen. Lesi sifo sishintshana ngokuhlukile sisuka kumjunipha siye kumaparele nakulokho okuphambene nalokho. Izingxabano zithwalwa umoya ngebanga elide (kufika kumakhilomitha angama-50). Kuqala, amabala amancane wombala ophuzi ophuzi avela kumaqabunga athintekile, akhula abe bomvu ngokubomvu maphakathi nehlobo. Ngaphansi kweqabunga, ama-bulge akha ngendlela yama warts, ngaphakathi kwawo kukhona ezinhlamvu zesikhunta. Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngama-fungicides kuvimbela inkinga.
I-Outgrowths ifomu elingaphansi kweqabunga elithintwe nokugqwala
I-Soot fungus
Njengomthetho, ukutheleleka ngaleli fungus kwandulelwa ukwehlulwa kwethanga ngama-aphid. Uketshezi olumnandi olucashunwe phakathi nokuphila kwama-aphid luyindawo yokuzalanisa ye-soot fungus. I-fungal excrement ivela emaqabungeni ngesimo senhlanganisela emnyama efana nensipho. Ngaphezu kwamaqabunga, izithelo eziba ezingafanele ukudla nazo zingathinteka.
Ukwembiwa kwesikhunta soot kuvela emaqabungeni ngesimo senhlanganisela emnyama efana nensipho.
Cishe Izinambuzane
Kukhona ezinye izinambuzane ezingakhathaleli ukudla izithelo namahlamvu wepende.
Ama-aphid
Izinambuzane ezincane ezincelayo zondla ngejusi leqabunga eliphakathi. Singena emqhelelweni ngosizo lwezintuthwane ezithanda ukudla umnyakazo we-aphid ushukela. Ungabona inkathazo lapho uhlola isihlahla. Uma amahlamvu agqunywe ku-tube abonwa, i-aphid kungenzeka ukuthi ingaphakathi. Amacembe anjalo kufanele asuswe futhi aphathwe ngama-insecticides. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela eziningi ezithandwayo zokulwa nalesi sinambuzane.
Uma amaqabunga asongwe ku-tube abonwa esihlahleni se-apula noma seapula, i-aphid kungenzeka ukuthi ingaphakathi
Isundu
Uvemvane oluncane olunsundu entwasahlobo bese lubeka amaqanda enhlabathini yeziqu zezihlahla. Amakhethini aqhephuka ephuma emaqandeni bese egibela esiqwini esihlahleni somuthi, angene ngezithelo, abambe izimbobo kuwo. Amapharele alimele alahlekelwe yimakethe, ngeke agcinwe, angabola esihlahleni. Ukulwa kuyaphumelela esiteji sovemvane. Amakhethini angamiswa ngokusebenzisa amabhande okuzingela nokulima izinambuzane. Uma zingena ngaphakathi kwezithelo, alikho iphuzu lokulwa.
Kuqhamuke isibungu sezimbali
Bhungane
Ubhungane omncane omncane obusika emhlabathini weziqu zezihlahla. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ikhuphukela phezulu, ikhasa iye emqheleni futhi idle imiqumbe yezimbali, emva kwalokho ingadla izimbali, ama-ovari, amathiphu amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga amasha. NgoMeyi, kubeka amaqanda enhlabathini, okuvela kuzo izibungu - okubizwa ngokuthi ama-khrushchites.
Izimbali ezithintekayo umgcini wezimbali womile
Balwa nesiphazamiso ngokuyiphatha ngama-insecticides. Futhi uma kubanda ungashukumisa izinambuzane ezisindayo ezivela kumagatsha ziye endwangu ngaphambi kokusakazeka ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Kulesi simo, amabhungane ezimbali asezingeni lokushisa lomoya elingaphansi kuka-5 ° C. Balwa nesihlahlana ngokutshala inhlabathi ngeDiazinon. Lokhu kusebenza ngempumelelo ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Umuthi usebenza kumaviki ama-3, emva kwalokho ubolile. Akuqongeleli emhlabathini nezithelo.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
Isisindo se-Pear November 416 g encane 270 - 280g lilinye. Susa okungavuthiwe. Lapho beqamba amanga, bathola ukunambitheka okuhle, okukhumbuza ikhabe. I-hardness yasebusika ilungile, amagxolo ahlanzekile, ngaphandle kwemigodi yesithwathwa. Amachashazi amnyama okhalweni - shaya isichotho.
ISansad, iMinsk
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INoyabrskaya ayizwani namabele, ineqhwa eliphansi lokuqina nokuqothuka sekwephuzile kwezinkuni, izihlahla ezithwele izithelo zithinteka kakhulu.
Beca
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Kuthathwa ngoNovemba ezimweni zeDonbass (Yasinovataya). Ugonyelwe ku-quince S1. Kusukela ngo-2010 akubanga khona uqhwa, kukhombisa imiphumela emihle ekuniseleni ngokudonsa, kulokhu, ku-quince kudinga ukwesekwa okuhle. Ozithobayo, Maxim Kuchinsky.
max-kuch, e-Ukraine
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Ngifuna ukusho ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobonhlobo zethanga likaNovemba, okudumile nokwanda kwawo e-Ukraine kwaqhamuka eBukovina. NgoNovemba, noma ngoNovemba Moldova, wavinjwa ngumfuyi uKsenia Dushutina ngenxa yokuqothuka kweVictor Vienne noNikolai Kruger. Umuthi uphakathi nendawo ngomqhele obhebhethekayo we-pyramidal, hardness yasebusika isephezulu, izinhlobonhlobo ziyamelana nezifo zokukhunta, ikakhulukazi isibazi nokushiswa kwamagciwane. Izithelo zikhulu - ngu-180-350 g (ezinye zinesisindo esingu-700-800 g), ngemuva kokuvuthwa - ziphuzi, zibe nokufiphala ohlangothini lwelanga. I-pulp inomnandi, inamafutha, imnandi futhi imuncu, iyaqabula, inephunga elimnandi, ukunambitha cishe okujwayelekile - amaphuzu angu-4.8. Ngaphandle kwehaba, kungaphikiswa ukuthi e-Ukraine nase-Europe akukho pearl enhle.
Oleg_M
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Umbono wami: INoyabrskaya inezithelo, zinhle, ziyizithelo ezinkulu kakhulu, kepha ukunambitheka ngandlela thile akukubi kakhulu, inyama ayinathambile futhi ayincibilikiki, igcinwe esihlahleni kuze kube yilapho kuneqhwa, mhlawumbe kukhona ama-nuances, noma ayisihambisani nesimo sezulu?
alex31, Isifunda saseBelgorod
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Ukuwa kokugcina ngathenga iNoyabrskaya eVygonichi ngaseBryansk. Ukubukwa, yiqiniso, akufani nasezithombe, kepha ukunambitheka kuyinto evamile. Lokhu kukhombisa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuzivumelanisa okuphezulu kwezinhlobonhlobo, okuhlukanisa ikhwalithi yokuzalanisa iDushutina. Ezindaweni ezinhle ngokuvikelwa umoya, izinhlobo iSokrovische, iNoyabrskaya zikhula ngisho esifundeni saseBryansk. Kwamaphutha - asabela ngokushesha ekushiseni kwentwasahlobo futhi ngenxa yalokho iqhakaza lezimbali likhipha iqhwa. Futhi kwesibili - basadinga ukushisa okwengeziwe ukuze bathole ukunambitheka. Kepha ngiphinda ezindaweni eziphakemeyo ezinelanga ezivikelwe ngumoya, zinikeza ubumnandi obuthambile kumapheya ethu.
yri, Bryansk esifundeni
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NgoNovemba eduze naseKiev ngo-2016. Ukunambitha lo nyaka kungcono kunonyaka odlule (izithelo zokuqala). Lapho elala, waqala waba lukhuni futhi wathambile. Ukunambitheka kungcono kakhulu. Ngibheka izinhlobonhlobo njengenye yezethu ezingcono kakhulu kwezindawo zethu.
pripythanin-1986
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Izinzuzo zeparele kaNovemba azinakuphikwa. Ukunambitheka okuhle, impilo ephezulu yamashalofu nokuhamba kuyenza ihehe ngamaketanga wokuthengisa. Ukumelana okuhle nesithwathwa, ukungatheleleki kwezifo ezithile, umkhiqizo - lezi zimfanelo ziheha izimboni nabalimi. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyathakazelisa nangokulima ekhaya.
