I-balsam yasekhaya i-East Africa, okuyiyona isiqhingi saseZanzibar. Kulapho, phakathi kwezihlahla ezishisayo ezitshala le mbali enhle. Ungayikhula esimweni sethu sezulu.
Kodwa ukuze ibhalsamu iqede eRussia, udinga ukwakha zonke izimo ezizofana nesimo sezulu somdabu. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi singakufeza kanjani lokhu.
Isithombe
Izici ukunakekela ukuthinta
Ibhalsamu alikho ngaphandle kwesizathu esibizwa ngokuthi siyathinta. Iqiniso liwukuthi lesi sitshalo uthanda ukukhanya nokushisa, kodwa ukupholisa, kanye nemidwebo eyengeziwe, akwenzeki ukubekezelela. Leli qiniso kufanele licatshangelwe uma lisuka.
Kufanele usitshale nini isikhathi sonyaka?
Akuyona imfihlo kunoma ubani ukuthi ukutshala okulungile kuqinisekisa impilo ende yesitshalo, kepha indlela engalungile kule nqubo ingalimaza imbali ngisho nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngebhalsamu engadini, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-thermophilic le mbali ikuphi. Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga amahle, amaningi aqukethe umswakama.
Umkhuhlane uqala inqubo yamanzi okuqandisa, kanti lesi sitshalo siyeka ukuthola ukudla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uyafa.
Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esihle sokutshala sibhekwa njengentwasahlobo ephuzile, ephakathi noma ekupheleni kukaMeyi, lapho umoya usuvele ushushu, akukho mvula nemimoya.
Indawo yokufika (imodi yokushisa, imodi yokukhanya)
Idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu indawo efanelekile yokufika. Emva kwakho konke, ukutshala ibhalsamu emthunzini noma ekuqalisweni, ubungozi ngokushesha ubona indlela le ntombazane efa ngayo.
Uma ufuna bayakujabulela imbali lonke ihlobo, yilahla izindawo ezithuthumayo. Kodwa indawo evulekile ibonisa ukuqhutshwa okunamandla kwemimoya, ngakho-ke izicabha kufanele zibe endleleni yesimo sezulu ezingavumeli ukuba imbali ikwazi ukugubha amandla.
Abalimi abaningi bembali bakholelwa ukuthi ukufika emhlabathini ngesikhathi semvula - isici esihle. Umhlabathi uzoba mnandi, imbali izokwamukela ngokushesha umswakama odingekayo, futhi izovumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha. Eqinisweni, lokhu akude neze.
Imbali ngaphansi kokufakelwa kwesitshalo ibhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi inhlabathi yayifudumele futhi ishisa. NgoMeyi, umhlaba awusenamfudumalo ngokwanele, futhi unamanzi, kungase kubonakale kubanda imbali. Isitshalo sebhasamu sinomusa kakhulu, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukuphambene nezimo ezijwayelekile zokuphila kungadlala ihlaya elinonya futhi imbali ingafa.
Ground
Ukulimala abatshali batuswa ukuba bacabangele inhlabathi elula. Awu-ke, uma edonswa noma embi kakhulu, nje ukhula kahle.
Zitshale kuphela enhlabathini evundile, ecebiswe ngezinto eziwusizo kanye nokulandelela izakhi zezitshalo.
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi inhlabathi icebile ngokwanele ngezinto ezidingekayo, izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, sebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu. Kunconywa ukuphinda le nqubo izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga, ngoba ama-balsamines azwela kakhulu emhlabathini.
Uma wenza ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi yakho futhi wazi unamandla acidic Ungaqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kuyindawo enhle yokukhula nokuthuthukiswa.
Ukuphuzisa imbali
Njengoba wazi, ibhalsamu ithanda umswakama, yingakho lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuphuza njalo.
Nokho amanzi alula ngoba lokhu ngeke kusebenze. Ibhalsamu iyisitshalo esimnene, ngakho-ke esimweni sayo, udinga amanzi acwecwe, ahlukaniswa ukuthambisa kwawo.
Amanzi kakhulu kanzima kuholela ekutheni isitshalo singafa ngezinsuku ezithile ngenxa yokuthi inhlabathi igcwele izinto ezinama-alkali.
Kuvunyelwe ukuphuza kanye ngosuku, ngesikhathi esithile. Akudingekile ukuthululela imbali, inhlabathi kufanele ihlale ihlala emanzini amancane. Amanzi amaningi angasongela izimpande ezibola.
Kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle amanzi. Udinga ukuzivocavoca ukuchelela ngokunyakaza okuyindilinga ichaza umbuthano ozungeza umqhele. Ngakho-ke, le mbali ngeke ibe nokunciphisa ngokweqile, ukungabi namandla okumswakama.
Ukunakekelwa komgwaqo
Ibhalsamu idinga umoya omanzi. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi, esimweni esishisayo, isitshalo kufanele sihlele amanzi atholayo. Futhi, kuyasiza ukuthi izimpande zithole umoya-mpilo ngendlela efanele, ngakho kanye ngesonto ukhulula umhlaba.
Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya emgwaqweni likhuphukile ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-25 Uma kunokwenzeka, ibhalsamu kufanele ifakwe ngezikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Ngidinga ukutshala, kunokuba, nini nokuthi kungakanani?
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, ukukhula okuthuthukisiwe nokuthuthukiswa okufanele kwesitshalo, kufanele kudliwe.
Thola izixazululo ezikhethekile zamaminerali, ekhishwe ibhalsamu, futhi lapho engekho - ukudla imbali.
Ukudla kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuAgasti. Kodwa uma ukwakhiwa komanyolo kuyi-potassium ne-phosphorus, khona-ke kungaqhutshwa kuze kufike isithwathwa sokuqala.
Abalimi bezitshalo baqiniseka ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba lesi sitshalo sihlanganiswe endaweni entsha, amasonto amathathu kufanele adlule, futhi kuphela lapho singakwazi ukwengeza khona ekunakekeleni ukwengezwa kwemithi yamaminerali.
Ingabe kudinga ukusika izihlahla?
Ibhalsamu leJardin idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Esikhundleni sokuqala, kubonakaliswa hhayi ekuniseleni kuphela, kodwa nasekukhoneni. Ngakho-ke, amahlumela abanzi anikezwa ukuba anciphise ngesigamu.
Uma enye yamahlumela iphinde iqhubeke ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni abanye, kufanelekile ukuyifinyelela.
Uma amaqabunga noma izifo zabo zimile, kufanele zilahlwe masinyane ukuvimbela izifo noma ukubola kwesitshalo sonke.
Zingaki futhi izimbali ezinini?
Ukukhathazeka izimbali ngoJuni - ngoJulayi futhi iqhakaza izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngezindlela eziningi, izimbali zixhomeke ekunakekeleni okufanele nokufakelwa kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke uma kungenzeki noma kungenjalo, Nciphisa ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo sakho.
Ukuphila
Ibhalsamu engadini ingaphila iminyaka emibili futhi ikujabulise ehlobo ensimini, nasebusika ebhodweni eliphekiwe. Ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukuchelela kanye nesimo sezulu kubaluleke kakhulu - lezi yizinto eziyinhloko ezithinta impilo. Kudingeka ukhumbule ukuthi emva kwakho konke, yonke inkathi udinga ukuvuselela ibhalsamu ngosizo lokuhlanganiswa, ngaleyo ndlela ukwandisa inani lezilimo.
Uma ufuna ukugcina ibhalsamu esimweni esihle kakhulu, ungakhona ngaphambi kokushisa kwezulu (September - Okthoba) ukuyifaka embizeni futhi ukhule ubusika ekamelweni lokushisa. Ngesikhathi se-frosts, iningi lezitshalo lifa, ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba ukhululeka, ngakho-ke, ngale ndlela ungayandisa impilo yembali.
Ukuzala
Ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili.
Imbewu
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwebhasamu lungakhula kalula kusuka kumbewu.
Indlela yokuqoqa imbewu yokuhlwanyela
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ibhalsamu iyakwazi ukukhuphula ngokuzimela ngokuzimela. Imbewu yakhe yembewu ivuleka ekuthinteni kancane. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuqoqa imbewu, ngakho-ke udinga ukwenza inqubo ngesikhathi lapho amabhokisi embewu eqala ukuguqula amhlophe. Kungcono nakakhulu, zibophe nge-gauze kusengaphambili.
Ukuhluma kwebhalsamu kuqhubeka iminyaka engu-7-8, ngakho-ke akufanele ukhathazeke ngenxa yokuhlunga kwezinhlamvu zembewu.
Umhlaba kanye nomthamo
Kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela ibhalsamu njengokungathi ngokushesha ezinqolobaneni zokugcina izithombo, futhi kunoma yiziphi amabhokisi noma iziqukathi, uma kunikezwa amanzi amanzi.
Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokukhanya ngezimpawu ze-peat ezisekelwe futhi ezingekho hlangothi. Ngokuvame ukuthatha umhlabathi we-saddovoy nge-peat kanye nesihlabathi esinamaqabunga ezinxenyeni ezilinganayo. Ungasebenzisa futhi izingxube ezenziwe ngomumo izithombo, ungeze i-1/5 yesihlabathi lapho.
Qaphela! Ama-balsamine ayithandi ama-organic ehlanzekile, amahlumela amancane asabela kabi kumgquba. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile, elula futhi ebonakalayo yomswakama.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, cwilisa i-substrate. Ngenxa yalokhu ungasebenzisa kokubili amanzi abilayo avamile kanye nesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
Futhi inqubo edingekayo ihlunga inhlabathi.
Isikhathi
Ibhalsamu inenkathi encane yokukhula, ivame ukuhlwanyelwa ngo-Ephreli noMeyi. Ukutshala wena ujabule isikhathi eside sokusebenzisa imifino ukuhlwanyela kusukela ngoMashi.
Ubuchwepheshe beSeeding
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa kanje:
- Thela inhlabathi elungiselelwe ezitsheni, ezingeni kanye ne-moisten ngosizo lwe-pulveler, ukuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi.
- Spread imbewu emhlabathini surface ugcine ibanga 2-3 cm phakathi kwabo.
- Ungafaki imbewu ngenhlabathi, ungakwazi ukuwafiphisa kancane ngesihlabathi esihle, ngoba ukufinyelela kokukhanya yisimo esidingekayo.
- Moisten imbewu ohlwanyelayo nge spray, ngokucophelela.
- Vala ingilazi noma ifilimu ecacile.
Amahlumela avela engafanele esikhathini sokusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-15.
Izimo
Izimo ezithandekayo zokuhluma imbewu zilula, umswakama nokushisa. Ukushisa kwe-air ngaphakathi kwama-23-25 degrees. Indawo kufanele ibe mhlophe kakhulu, kodwa ivikeleke elangeni eliqondile.
Ngomswakama okwanele, imbewu ngeke ihlume. Kodwa-ke, uma ungenayo umoya wokushisa, izitshalo ziyobola noma i-fungus izovela. Air nsuku zonke imizuzu eminingana.
Izithombo ezikhulayo
Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela adinga ukulungiselela impilo evulekile. Lokhu kungafinyelelwa ngokukhulisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Sivula isikhala noma ifilimu isikhathi eside, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa sisisusa ngokuphelele. Manje iziqukathi ezinezihlumela zingafakwa endaweni efanayo ngokukhanya, kodwa zipholile. Umswakama usekelwa ngosizo lwe-pulveler.
Dive
Le nqubo yenziwa lapho izitshalo ezincane ziba yi-1 cm phezulu, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kokuqala kwamacembe okuqala (hhayi amanga) avela. Batshalwe ezigodini zomuntu ngamunye ukuze bangabhubhisi igumbi lobumba ngokufakelwa kabusha okunye. Emva kokukhetha, into esemqoka akufanele ikhuphule inhlabathi.
Ukuzikhandla
Ama-balsams amancane aqine cishe kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Benza ngale ndlela elandelayo: bayayithatha usuku, babuyisele esimweni sayo esivamile ebusuku. Ukucindezela kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-14.
Ama-balsams atshalwe endaweni engapheli emva kokuphela kwama-frosts kaMeyi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo uma litshalwe li-25 cm.
Cuttings
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esisebenzayo yentuthuko (Meyi - Agasti), isitshalo siqala ukuphela kancane. Ngalesi sikhathi, amahlumela okubuyela emuva ahlukaniswa kuwo.
Zifakwa emanzini noma emhlabeni, okumele kube khona ukushisa kwamahhala. Ungashiyi izitshalo ezimweni zangaphandle. Kuwo wonke ubusika, ibhalsamu ingagcinwa ekamelweni ngokuyifaka embizeni ekujuleni kwamamitha ayisithupha emva kokuba izimpande zivele, futhi eduze kukaMeyi isitshalo sizobe sesilungele ukutshala.
- Ngezansi uhlu lwezihloko ezingase zibe nesithakazelo kuwe:
- Ukubukwa:
- I-Balsam Waller
- Camelia
- I-New Guinea
- Terry
- Ukunakekela ibhalsamu:
- Izifo nezinambuzane
- Ukuzala
- Izimbali
- Kuyafaneleka
