I-Alstroemeria iyimbali enesihlungu esikhulu kakhulu. Ungathola futhi amagama anjenge- "Inca lily" noma "i-Peruvian lily." Lo mndeni uthole igama likaBaron Klas Alström, ofunda ngaphansi kwesazi semvelo esidumile uKarl Linnaeus futhi owayengusomaqhinga kwezamabhizinisi (waletha imbewu yezinhlobo ezimbili zale mbali kumeluleki wakhe).
Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-50-100, iningi lazo elitshalwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa ingadi.
I-Alstroemeria isitshalo esihle kakhulu
Umsuka
I-Alstroemeria ivela eNingizimu Melika. Izimpande zesitshalo ziyafana ngesigaxa futhi sinomhluzi kakhulu. Amahlumela aqondile, amapuleti eqabunga lomugqa akhiwe engxenyeni ephezulu.
Incazelo
I-Alstroemeria - imbali ehlaba umxhwele ngobuhle bayo. Lesi sitshalo se-herbaceous esinezimbali ezinkulu neziqu ezinamandla. I-Alstroemeria ingaba minyaka yonke noma ingapheli. Kuyadingeka ukuchaza izimfanelo zalesi sitshalo sasekhaya.
Inchazelo yegama olimini lwezimbali ubungane, kanye nesifiso sokuchuma ngokwezezimali.
Kubalulekile! Imvamisa abantu banesifiso sendlela yokubhala: i-astrameria noma i-alstroemeria? Inketho yesibili efanele.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-alstroemeria? Isici esibonisa imbali ukungqubuzana, okungukuthi, ama-petioles asontekile angama-180. Ngakho-ke, phezulu kweshidi kuphansi, okudala umphumela othokozisayo wokubuka. Ithoni yezimbali ingaba yimithunzi ehlukile kusuka ephuzi kuya ebomvu, ungabona futhi i-lilac, i-alstroemeria eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imbali iqukethe amacembe ayi-6 abekwe kwimibuthano emibili. Imvamisa, ungabona izindawo ezithokozisayo kuzo. Ama-petals uqobo angahluka komunye.
Ezimbali, imivimbo emnyama yobude obuvamile ibonakala kakhulu, emincane kakhulu eduze nemiphetho, mncane futhi mncane eduze phakathi. Amanxusa angatholakala ngaphansi kwesiyingi sangaphakathi. Ama-Stamens abekwa futhi kwimibuthano emibili. Ama-Anthers akhanyiswe kancane.
I-alstroemeria ebunjiwe
Ukuvela kwezimbali kwentwasahlobo. Lesi sitshalo siqeda ukuqhakaza ehlobo, kepha uma izidingo zokunakekelwa ekhaya noma engadini zihlangatshezwa, isihlahla esikhulu senjabulo singasijabulisa ngokuqhakaza kwalo ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ezimweni zemvelo, ama-hummingbird nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezihlobisa izimbali zisiza isitshalo ukuba sikhiqize.
Esikhundleni sesithelo, isitshalo sakha ibhokisi lapho imbewu ikhula. Lapho imbali ifinyelela ukuvuthwa, kuqhume, imbewu isakazeka emhlabeni wonke ngosizo lomoya.
Kubalulekile! Okubi ngalesi sitshalo ukuthi maphakathi nethambeka ezimweni zasebusika lingabanda. Ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esinjengalesi ukuba usizalele endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma ekhaya. Endaweni evulekile, i-alstroemeria ikhula kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-alstroemeria. Ngokuyisisekelo, azifani, ngaphandle kokuthi imibala.
I-Alstroemeria imhlophe
Le nhlobonhlobo isetshenziswa kaningi ekwenziweni kwama-bouquets omakoti. Izici eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo kukhula okuphezulu, ukumelana nezifo, kanye nokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa.
I-Alstroemeria pink
Njengoba igama lisho, isici esiyinhloko se-pink alstroemeria ngumthunzi waso ohambelana nawo.
I-Alstroemeria ibomvu
Lolu hlobo lwe-alstroemeria luzokhanga abathandi bezimbali ezibomvu.
Isidlo se-alstromeries
Ukubukeka kwakhe okumangazayo ngeke kushiye noma ngubani ongenandaba.
I-Alstroemeria Violet
Isitshalo esimangalisa ngezimbali ezinsomi, isikhumbuzo esimnandi se-lilac noma i-violet.
Dlulisa emva kokuthenga endaweni evulekile
Ungakhula kanjani i-alstroemeria? I-Alstroemeria ingatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kepha izimbali zingabonakala kuphela eminyakeni eyi-1-2 ngemuva kokutshala. Ngakho-ke, kungcono kakhulu ukuthenga izithombo ze-alstroemeria esitolo sabalimi. Ukutshala nokunakekela enkundleni evulekile ke kulula kakhulu.
Ngemininingwane. Ububi bokukhula ngembewu ukuthi izimbali ezikhulile kungenzeka zingagcini ngokuhlukahluka kwezimpawu. Isibonelo, isitshalo esinomthunzi ohlukile singabonakala.
Ukutshala i-alstroemeria, udinga ukuthola izithombo noma imbewu.
Indawo enhle
Ukutshala izimbali, kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo lapho kunomoya onqabile khona, futhi ilanga likhanya kuphela ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukufuna indawo enomthunzi noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe kuqala. Umhlabathi ofanele wokutshala unama-acidic noma awathathi hlangothi. I-Alstroemeria iyimbali ethanda inhlabathi enobumba noma enesihlabathi.
Ngaphambi kokwehla, hlola umhlabathi. Uma isinda ngokweqile, khona-ke usuku olungaphambi kokutshala i-alstroemeria, kubalulekile ukuwugebha wenze umquba, i-humus noma i-peat yamahhashi ukuze ikhulule.
Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika
Ukulima i-Alstroemeria kwenzeka ngendlela evamile. Kufanele ulandele lo myalo:
Izimbali Ezinkulu Zama-Alstroemeria
- Ukumba izimbobo zokufika. Phakathi kwabo kuyadingeka ukugcina ibanga elingaba yingxenye yemitha. Ukujula kwemigodi akufanele kudlule amamitha ayi-0,35, ubukhulu bawo bu cishe isigamu semitha (ungancipha kancane, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu). Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo kumele lubekwe ngokuphelele kuzo, kubandakanya nesigaxa sobumba. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo nosayizi wazo kuya ngokuthi kukhulu kangakanani okutshaliwe.
- Isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi senziwa ezansi kwengubo e-1 enobumba noma ngetsheva, kufakwa ungqimba lomquba 70-80 mm ngaphezulu.
- Umgogodla ngamunye udinga ukufakwa emgodini wawo, ngaphandle kokucaca ku-coma yodaka. Ukufaka ngqo ebhodweni le-peat kungenzeka.
- Umgodi ugcwele inhlabathi evundile.
Emva kwalokhu, inhlabathi kumele inyathelwe, izitshalo - okuniselwa.
Ukuzalela kwe-Alstroemeria
Kungenzeka ngokungenakuhluka noma kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Izimbali ze-Alstroemeria, ukutshalwa kwazo nokutshala kuqala emhlabathini ovulekile kusetshenziswa imbewu kwenziwa ngokwemikhakha ethile. Indlela yemifino elula kakhudlwana.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweRhizome
Le nqubo ingenziwa njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Kuyadingeka ukulinda umzuzwana lapho isihlahla sesiyeka ukuqhuma. Emva kwalokho, iyasuswa emhlabeni. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukufaka inzalo ngommese, ehlukanisa isihlahlana ibe izingxenye eziningi, ngasinye sazo kufanele sibe nengxenye ye-rhizome, kanye neziqu eziningana eziqinile.
Izinhlobo ezihlukile ze-alstroemeria
Okulandelayo, udinga ukubeka izingcezu ezinkulu kuzimbobo ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuphatha izingcezu ngamalahle noma ngekhabhoni esebenze kahle.
Izingcezu ezincane zihlala kuqala ezimbizeni. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ibekwe efasiteleni noma kwi-greenhouse bese ilinda ize ikhule kancane.
Le ndlela ingahle ilungele izihlahla ezinamandla lapho kukhona khona iziqu eziqinile ezinesistimu yezimpande eyenziwe kahle.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Uma imbewu ivunwa ngezandla zakho kusuka kuzimbali zangonyaka odlule, khona-ke izitshalo ezitshalwe kuzo zingase zingagcini izici eziqukethwe ezinhlobonhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ukusakazwa kwembewu kungenzeka kuphela kuma-alstromerias ohlobo oluthile.
Nakani! Ithuba lokukhulisa isitshalo kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ukuthi ungazama ukwakha izinhlobonhlobo zakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe zonke izinhlobo noma i-hybrid zingatshalwa uma imbewu ithengwa esitolo. Imbewu ilungile ekutshalweni kokuqala kwe-alstroemeria.
Zingahlwanyelwa nje emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphandle kokumba izimbobo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, udinga ukulinda izinsuku ezingama-20, izithombo zokuqala kufanele zihlume. Uma ama-bulbs esetshenziswa, adinga ukungcwatshwa ngokujula, kepha eduze kwendawo (akukho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-20).
Ukunakekelwa Kwemid Strip
Ku-Middle Strip, i-alstroemeria iyisitshalo esisengcupheni engakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ilungiselelwe ubusika. Kukhona nezici ezimbalwa zokunakekelwa.
Kuyadingeka ukhula njalo endaweni ezungeze i-alstroemeria, ukhulule umhlabathi, futhi uvikele nasezinambuzaneni nakwezinye izinambuzane. Kubalulekile ukucija izimbali ukuze uvikele ukweqisa kwenhlabathi. Izinga lokushisa lomhlaba elingama-degree angama-23 nangaphezulu lingadicilela phansi izimfanelo zokuhlobisa zesitshalo.
Imodi yokunisela
Isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuhlelekile. Uma ihlobo lina, udinga ukunisela isitshalo masonto onke. Uma kwenzeka isomiso, kufanele uyiphindaphinde imvamisa yokunisela. Kuyadingeka ukutjheja izinga lokuswakama kwenhlabathi. Akufanele kube kukhulu noma kube kuncane. Uma usinisela isitshalo ngokweqile, ungabulala uhlelo lwezimpande. Ngemuva kokunisela, ingaphezulu kufanele likhishwe.
Ngemininingwane. Uma imbali isemgodini, kufanele ushintshe amanzi nsuku zonke.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukufinyelela umbala ogcwele futhi wandise ubukhazikhazi besihlahla esiqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukondla lesi sitshalo ngokuvama kwezikhathi ezi-3 emavikini ama-4. Umanyolo wamaminerali noma we-organic ukufanelekela kahle lokhu. Entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sidinga inani elikhulu le-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwama-buds nokuvula kwabo, kunconywa ukufaka umanyolo nge-phosphorus. Futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukondla inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngomlotha wokhuni.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
Lapho lesi simila siqala ukuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukukhipha izimbali ngokushesha nje lapho ziqala ukubuna. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izihlahla ziba kakhulu, kufanele zinqunywe. Ukwenza lokhu, iziqu ezingenamandla ezibuthakathaka ziyasuswa. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa lama-degree ayi-16 ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula
Ngesikhathi sokulala, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile akudingekile. Kwanele ukunisela isitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze singayeki ukukhula.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Lapho uNovemba efika, lesi sitshalo sicasha endaweni lapho amakhaza angawa khona.
Ngakho-ke, i-alstroemeria isitshalo esihle, kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ilungele kangcono abalimi abanolwazi. Abantu abanesikhathi esincane kufanele bafune ezinye izimbali.
