Ukutshala i-chrysanthemum entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile

AmaChrysanthemums angenye yezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu ngabatshali bezimbali ezifuywayo. Zitholakala kaningi emakamelweni ehlobo. Kodwa-ke, le mbali inamahloni impela futhi idinga ukunakwa. Isilinganiso sokukhathalela esibaluleke kakhulu ukutshala. Uma ulandela yonke imithetho, isitshalo sivumelana kalula nemvelo futhi siyojabulela ukuqhakaza okumnandi. Uma ungazinaki ezinye izincomo ezibalulekile, lesi sitshalo esincane singabuna noma size sife.

Ukutshala i-chrysanthemum endaweni evulekile entwasahlobo kungumcimbi obaluleke kakhulu futhi obalulekile, kuyadingeka ukuzilungiselela kusengaphambili. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha impahla efanelekayo yokutshala.

Lapho uthenga izithombo emakethe, kwi-Intanethi noma enkulisa ekhethekile, udinga ukukhumbula okulandelayo:

• Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo zaphakade ukuze ungadingeki ukungcwaba imbali ngaphambi kobusika;
• Izimpande kufanele zibe namandla, zikhule;
• Uma kukhona amahlumela amancane azungeze ihlumela eliphakathi nendawo, imbali ivumelana kahle nezimo ezintsha futhi izothuthuka ngokushesha;
• Kunconywa ukutshala izimbali phakathi nayo yonke inkathi efudumele (Ephreli - Agasti), khona-ke ihlumela lizokhula ngokushesha futhi lizodlula ngempumelelo ubusika.

Izinto zokutshala kumele zingabi namagciwane, amagciwane noma izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Noma imuphi umkhondo walesi sifo unciphisa kakhulu amathuba okubangwa kwezimbali kanye nobusika obuphumelelayo. Lungiselela indawo nomhlabathi wokutshala ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bacabanga ngalokhu ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zesikhumba nezimpaphe zesitshalo ziba ngcono futhi zishesha. Babekezelela umthelela omubi wemvelo kanye nobusika kahle ngisho nangamafrimu anzima amafushane.

Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi yesithathu ka-Ephreli - eyishumi yesibili kaMeyi. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi ingahluka kancane, kuya ngesifunda esithile. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali ziqala ukweluleka ngenkuthalo. Ukuphela kuka-Ephreli isikhathi esifanele sokusakazeka kwezitshalo.

Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokulandelayo:

• Kukhethwa isihlahla se-uterine ukuthola "izingane." Kufanele kube yisitshalo esinempilo futhi esiqine kunazo zonke esidlule ebusika ngaphandle kwezinkinga;
• Ama-Shank asika ukusika okungama-9-10 cm.Olunye lwazo kufanele lube nezinduku ezintathu;
• Izinqubo zibekwa emabhokisini enkuni ahloselwe izithombo ezikhulayo futhi agcwaliswe ngengxube yezakhi ye-perlite nesihlabathi somfula;
• Umhlabathi umanzi kancane, kepha awudingi ukuthulula amanzi amaningi;
• Okulandelayo, amahlumela amasha embozwe nge ukugoqa epulasitiki.

Njengoba iqhwa lokugcina liyancibilika, izimbali ziqala ukukhula futhi zikhule kakhulu

Izicucwana zigcinwa “ngaphansi kwehodi” kuze kube kuvela amahlumela kuqala kuzo. Uma betshalwe ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, izimpande zizovela cishe ezinsukwini ezingama-20, uma maphakathi (ekugcineni) ka-Ephreli - ngaphambili kakhulu, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 kuya ku-15. Umhlabathi ongaphakathi kwe- “hood” kufanele ube manzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa akufanelekile ukuthi "ukhukulise" ukusika ngokuqinile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzobola futhi ngeke kube nezimpande.

Umtshali ngamunye uyazi ukuthi kufanele atshale nini ama-chrysanthemums. Kuyinto elula futhi elula kunazo zonke ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo, lapho izitshalo zishiya isikhathi sokuphumula komzimba. Ungakhula izimbali ezinhlanyelweni, kodwa ukuhlwanyelwa okunjalo yinde futhi inzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu ethengwa emakethe imvamisa ingekho kwikhwalithi embi. Ukusakazeka ngokusika kuthembeke ngokwengeziwe. Uma isimo sezulu singazinzile, kungcono ukulinda kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi yokugcina ka-Ephreli - eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo efanelekayo yokuzala:

• Khetha isihlahla sesibeletho esiphilile futhi esiqinile, esingathinteki yizilokazane namagciwane, ungahlushwa ukhunta futhi uvame ukukhula;
• Bumba isitshalo;
• Usebenzisa ummese obukhali, uhlukanise izingxenye eziningi. Ucezu ngalunye kufanele lube nezimpande zalo kanye namahlumela amasha;
• Izendlalelo zitshalwe emigodini ebilungiselelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi egcwaliswe ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezimbiwa kanye nengxube yezakhi.

Amahlumela amasha aniselwa kakhulu. Ungatshala ama-chrysanthemums ngale ndlela ekwindla, kepha kulokhu, amahlumela amancane adinga indawo yokukhosela ebusika. Kuze kube manje, kungcono ukusebenzisa amagatsha e-oki noma amagatsha e-spruce.

Indlela elula futhi ethandwa kakhulu yokusakazeka ukwahlukanisa isihlahla

Kuyaziwa ukuthi kusuka esihlahleni esivame ukukhula eseneminyaka emithathu ungathola ukusikwa okungu-6, okuvame kakhulu ukubekwa okungu-4-5. Lapho isitshalo esidala sikhula, amahlumela aso agcina esiba khona. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukhethe amahlahla amadala amadala, ngoba maningi amathuba okutheleleka ngegciwane noma ama-parasites.

AmaChrysanthemums angatshalwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ibhokisi elingashisi, ngoba izimpande zesitshalo zilele ebusweni. Uma imbali ithengwe ekwindla, ungafaki masinyane ukuyifaka emhlabathini ovulekile, uma kungenjalo izokufa ngesikhathi samaqele wasebusuku wokuqala. Kuyadingeka ukushiya isitshalo ekhaya kuze kube sentwasahlobo, ukuze kutholakale amandla kabusha.

Ngokuqala kokushisa, ungaqhubeka ngokuphepha ekufakweni. Okokuqala kudingeka ulungiselele imbali ushintsho lwezimo.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele:

• Linda kuze kube yilapho i-chrysanthemum isiphelile ngokuphelele;
• Khipha, ususe izimbali ezomile namaqabunga angonakalisiwe;
• Songa isitsha ngesendlalelo esikhulu sendwangu ukugwema ukuqhuma kwamahlumela ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
• Beka ibhodwe endaweni epholile, emnyama ebusika.

Ukunisela ngesikhathi sasebusika kufanele kube okuncane. Uma inhlabathi imanzi kancane, lokhu kwanele, ngoba ngenkathi ebandayo i-chrysanthemum iphumule.

Ngokushesha nje lapho kufika intwasahlobo, imbali ihanjiswa eduze nokushisa nokukhanya. Lapho ekugcineni isithwathwa siphela, ungatshala ukukhula okuncane ezweni elivulekile ezweni. Ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokutshala, udinga ukwenza umanyolo wamaminerali oqukethe i-nitrogen ephezulu kakhulu.

Cishe bonke abalimi bezimbali bayakwazi ukutshala ama-chrysanthemums nokuthi ungawatshala kanjani engadini. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abantu abacabanga ngemithetho yokufika. Into esemqoka ukuhlinzeka lesi sitshalo okungenani amahora amathathu wokukhanya kwelanga nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke indawo ene-shaded akuyona indlela engcono yokutshala. Indawo kufanele ivuleleke kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Ungakhethi izindawo zokutshala ezinomhlabathi owomile we-peaty noma wesihlabathi, ompofu kumaminerali. Okunye okudingekayo komhlaba yikhono elihle lokugcina umswakama. Ngasikhathi sinye, amanzi akufanele axege.

Lesi sitshalo sizothuthuka kahle uma sibekwa emhlabathini onesihlabathi esimanzi. Uma umhlaba ugcwele izinto eziphilayo kanye nama-humus, i-chrysanthemum izokhula kahle futhi ijabule ngokuqhakaza kwawo okugcwele isikhathi eside. Futhi, inhlabathi kufanele ikhishwe kahle.

Le mbali ayithandi izinguquko zokushisa ezisheshayo, umoya kanye nokushoda kwelanga

Ochwepheshe abancomi ukuthi ukutshala lezi zimbali isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu kulandelana kwisiza esifanayo - ngenxa yalokhu, izinkinga ezinjengokuwohloka kwezinhlobonhlobo, ukutheleleka ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta, kanye nokuhlasela kwezifo ezithathelanayo.

Uma ama-chrysanthemums etshalwe enhlabathini engenampilo yezakhamzimba, isimo singasindiswa ngokugqoka okuphezulu kwaphezulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuxazulula inkinga ebusika (izinhlobo eziningi azibekezeleli ngisho namaqhwa amancane kakhulu). Uma kwenzeka kunyuka umswakama wenhlabathi, ukuthambisa kumele kuncishiswe, lokhu kuzovikela ukubola kwezimpande.

Akudingeki wazi kuphela ukuthi kufanele utshale nini ama-chrysanthemums entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa nokuthi uzotshalwa kude kangakanani. Lezi zimbali zithanda isikhala, azithandi ukuqunjelwa. Ibanga elincanyana phakathi kwezitshalo ezimbili ezincane ezitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngokulinganayo kufanele kube ngu-30 cm, ubukhulu - 50. Kulapho ngcono. Isiqu ngasinye sifafazwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Izimpande kufanele zilele ebusweni, awukwazi ukuzijulisa zijule kakhulu emhlabathini.

Izithombo ezincane ezihlanganisiwe azidingi ukuxhaswa okwengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, eduze nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zokusakaza, kunconywa ukufaka okuthunyelwe ngokhuni noma kwensimbi. Lokhu kuzosiza isiqu ukuthi sifinyelele phezulu hhayi ukugoba emoyeni nasemvuleni.

Ngemuva kokutshala okusikiwe, nciza isikhashana ngasinye. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ususe iphuzu lokukhula. Isigaba sokugcina somsebenzi ukuchelela nokufaka umthunzi okwenziwe ngokufakwayo, ngoba lokhu ungasebenzisa noma yini esembozekayo.

Ukujula komgodi wama-chrysanthemums kufanele kube ngesilinganiso esingu-35-45 cm, hhayi ngaphezulu. Phansi kufanele kubekwe ungqimba lwamanzi, kanye nengxube yezakhi enomhlabathi ne-vermicompost. Lokhu kuzosiza izimbali ukuba zande ngokushesha futhi zithole zonke izakhi zomsoco ezidingekayo.

Ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okumnandi sezulu sezulu esifundeni saseMoscow, izitshalo zidinga ukugqokwa okuthuthukisiwe.

I-Chrysanthemum idinga kakhulu izinto ezilandelayo:

• I-nitrogen (edingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwamaqabunga);
• I-Potassium - ivuselela ukukhula kwezimpande okusebenzayo;
• I-phosphorus - ikhulisa ukungavikeleki kwama-chrysanthemums kwezifo, izilokazane nezinambuzane. Iphosphorus iyadingeka futhi ukuze kwandiswe inani lama-buds;
• I-Copper ne-zinc - yokwakhiwa kwesisindo esiluhlaza.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi isidingo sesitshalo samaminerali athile sincike ezinhlobonhlobo. Uma isihlahla sikude, kufanele usondle ngaso njalo ngomanyolo we-nitrogen. Kwezinhlobo ezihlangene zesici esincane, umanyolo we-potash ubaluleke kakhulu.

Umphumela omuhle unikezwa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-humus kanye ne-organic ezenziwe ngokuzimela kusuka ezinsalela zotshani zokhula. Entwasahlobo, kufanele wenze umquba noma amaconsi ezinkukhu. Ngaphambi kokufaka noma yimuphi umanyolo emhlabathini, kufanele uwanatsele ngokucophelela bese ukhulula inhlabathi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuthathwe izithako ezisheshayo futhi ezisheshayo.

Ukwengeza isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali futhi kusheshiswe inqubo yokubeka ama-buds, izithasiselo zezimboni kufanele zisetshenziswe. Ukuthi yikuphi ukukhetha okufanele kuncike kumlimi. Ithuluzi elidumile kakhulu "iBud".

Uma umhlabathi uphansi ngezakhi zomzimba, cishe akulindeli ukuqhakaza

Mayelana nokuthi yini ukondla ama-chrysanthemums engadini yokuqhakaza okumnandi entwasahlobo, kufanele ucabange kusengaphambili. Kulokhu, abatshali bezimbali ngisho nasebusika baqala ukuhlanganisa umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ama-Chrysanthemums kufanele anikezwe abatshali be-novice ngokunenhlonipho, ngaphandle kokudlula umthamo othunyelwe womanyolo. Udinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi ufaka umanyolo kanjani kuma-chrysanthemums - akuzona zonke izinhlobo zokugqoka eziphezulu ezifanele.

Ukuze ugqoke ngaphezulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen, phosphorus kanye ne-potash. I-nitrogen iqongelela ku-tubers encane ezimpandeni zesitshalo futhi inikela ekuqoqweni okusebenzayo kwesisindo esiluhlaza. Umphumela omuhle unikezwa ngomuthi wokukhiqizwa kwezimboni "Kemira", inguqulo yawo evuselelwe - "Kemira +". Okondla, ingxube kumele ihlanjululwe ngamanzi, ibheke ngokuqinile isilinganiso esiboniswe kwiphakheji, isikimu nezincomo eziningiliziwe. Umuthi "Kemira" uvusa ukukhula kwama-chrysanthemums, okuqhakaza nokusetha efihlekile. Izimbali zibonakala zikhulu, zibushelelezi, ngaphandle kokudalwa. Ithuluzi elinamandla ukulungiswa kweMultiflor, okuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza okude futhi kusize ukuqhakaza ngokushesha. Ungasebenzisa ikhambi labantu elihlolwa isikhathi - ukufaka ukumila kokhula lwengadi.

Akuwona wonke umanyolo ofanele i-chrysanthemum

Umcimbi omkhulu wokunakekelwa kwama-chrysanthemums entwasahlobo, lapho angena ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ukuthambisa okuchichimayo, kulandelwe ukukhululwa. Imvamisa enconywayo yomswakama wenhlabathi iba kanye ngesonto entwasahlobo futhi kabili ngesonto ehlobo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwenza ukuklama ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ukuze kwakheke umqhele ofanele. Ukufaka izithako zeminyaka yonyaka kwenziwa kathathu kuye kathathu isizini yonke. Uma izitshalo sezivele zineminyaka eminingana, Umanyolo uyaqhubeka ehlobo nasekwindla, kuze kube yilapho imbali iya ebusika. Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala kwezinambuzane nezinambuzane, fafaza ngama-insecticides ezimboni noma uqoqe izinambuzane ngesandla.

Isitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa nokunakwa

Lapho unakekela ama-chrysanthemums, ukunakwa okukhulu kufanele kukhokhwe ekunisweni nasekugqokeni okujwayelekile kwaphezulu. Isikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu kwikhalenda yezimbali singabhekwa njengentwasahlobo, ngalesi sikhathi lapho isitshalo sisebenzisa amandla aso kakhulu kunakho konke. Ukuvimbela izifo, ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane nezinambuzane, kubalulekile ukunikeza izimbali ngemibandela efanelekile, ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo efanelekile, ubusika obuhle nokudla okuhle. Ngemuva kwalokho konke kuzophumelela ukukhulisa imbali enhle kakhulu.