Le mbali engaphakathi ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamasentimitha angama-30, futhi inezimpande eziphothwe ngamasentimitha angama-cm angaphezu kuka-10. Kepha ikhula ngokuzikhandla, ngakho-ke unyaka nonyaka lesi sitshalo sidinga umthamo omusha. Ukuze inqubo iphumelele, kubalulekile ukwazi imithetho yendlela yokudlulisa i-cyclamen.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo
Enye yezidingo eziyisisekelo zokududulwa kwembali enikeziwe ibhodwe elincane eliminyene ngokushesha. Kungcono ukwenza ukufakelwa kwe-cyclamen minyaka yonke. Le nqubo izogwema izifo zezimpande futhi ivuse izimbali ezisebenzayo. Inqubo ngokwayo iqukethe izigaba zokulungiselela neziyinhloko, lapho isigaba sokuqala kufanele sinikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Ubukhazikhazi bezimbali
Ukulungiselela i-Bush
Kufanele ukhumbule njalo ukuthi ukufakelwa kufaka isitshalo ekuxakekeni. Ngakho-ke, i-cyclamen kufanele ilungiselelwe inqubo ezayo. Zinqunywe ikakhulukazi kusukela ngesikhathi somcimbi - kufanele uhambisane nokuqala kokukhula.
Nakani! Ezinhlotsheni zasePheresiya, ukuphuma ekulaleni kwenzeka ngezinyanga ezahlukahlukene, eYurophu lesi sigaba asikho neze. Isibonakaliso sokuthi i-cyclamen ingathathelwa kuphi siwukubonakala kwamaqabunga amasha ku-tuber.
Lapho belungisa izitshalo, zenza lezo zenzo:
- imbali isuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni elidala;
- susa inhlabathi ezimpandeni uyihlole;
- Ngemuva kokuthola ukubola nokunye okungahambi kahle, izimpande eziyinkinga ziyanqunywa.
I-cyclamen ikhishwe ebhodweni
Isitshalo sibekwa isikhashana kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate ukukhipha izingxenye zomzimba. Okulandelayo, qhubekela phambili kulungiswa ithangi elisha.
Ukukhetha kwebhodwe nenhlabathi
Akufanele uthathe umthamo obanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo siyoqondisa amandla amakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lwezimpande kulimaze ingxenye yomoya. Kulandela iqiniso lokuthi ububanzi bebhodwe kufanele budlule usayizi we-tuber ngo-2-3 cm kuphela.
Kubalulekile! Akunandaba ukuthi isitsha masisha noma sisetshenzisiwe, sibulala amagciwane bese kuphela sigcwaliswa ngenhlabathi.
Kukhona inhlanganisela eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe ngeTulip eyathengiswa, efanele izimbali ezingaphakathi endlini. Ungenza ishlukanisi ngokwakho ngokwakho ngokuthatha:
- 1 ingxenye peat, humus, isihlabathi;
- Izingxenye ezi-3 zeshidi lomhlaba;
- i-vermiculite encane (i-vermion).
Ukugwema ukutheleleka, bhubhisa izibungu zemvelo ngaphambi kokudlulisa i-cyclamen kwelinye ibhodwe, inhlabathi kumele ibalwe kuhhavini amahora amabili.
Inqubo
Njengoba sebeqedile ngezinyathelo zokulungiselela, baqala ukutshala isitshalo esitsheni esisha. I-algorithm yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ibukeka kanjena:
- ezansi kwembiza kubeka ungqimba oluncane lwezitini eziphukile noma ubumba olwandisiwe;
- gcwalisa ithangi ngenhlabathi;
- kubekwa ishubhu enkabeni, kufafaza isihlahla kusuka ezinhlangothini nomhlaba;
- Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe futhi yomiswe.
Uma ngemuva kokunisela inhlabathi imile kancane, umhlaba usengezelelwa ebhodweni.
Ukudlulisa imbali ebhodweni elisha
Ngokumba i-cyclamen, ishubhu ayingcwatshwa ngokuphelele. Ezinhlotsheni zasePheresiya, kufanele kubukeke 1/3. Emhlabathini ongenamhlaba waseYurophu, i-apex eyi-1.5 cm ishiywe.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya ngemuva kokufakelwa
Ngisho i-cyclamen ehlelwe kahle kahle ifuneka ezimweni ezikhulayo. Lapho isitshalo sicindezelekile, kufanele sinake kakhulu, sibheka zonke izidingo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo.
Umswakama
I-cyclamen ithanda umswakama ophezulu. Esikhathini esishisayo, ungafafaza ngamanzi afudumele asuka kwisibhamu sokufafaza, uzama ukuvimba umswakama ukuthi ungafiki endaweni yokukhula (ngaphandle kwalokho isihlahla sizofa). Inqubo yenziwa ngenkathi kunokwanda kwesisindo esiluhlaza. Lapho nje i-cyclamen ingena esigabeni sokuhluma, ukufafazwa kuyamiswa.
Ukushisa
Imbali yangaphakathi ayithandi ukushisa. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo, izinga lokushisa endlini ligcinwa cishe ngo-20-22 ° C. Ebusika, kwehliselwa ku-10-15 °, uma ihlathi lisesiteji esishisayo, khona-ke ungalinciphisa kancane. Igumbi kufanele livuleke umoya njalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, okusalungiswa akufanele kuvunyelwe.
Indawo
ICyclamen ayithandi ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, faka izimbiza zezimbali kuma-windowsill asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, bese ukhetha uhlangothi oluseningizimu, olunikeze ukukhanya okungafani. Amawindi aseNyakatho awalungele ngenxa yokukhanya okungekuhle (ikakhulukazi ebusika).
Indawo enhle
Ukunisela
Isitshalo sibekezelela kalula isomiso esincane, siyagula ngenxa yokugcwala kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukufiphaza imbali kunokugcwala ngokweqile, ukwengeza amanzi epanini. Inani lokuswakama kuya ngesigaba sokuthuthuka:
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, inhlabathi igcinwa umswakama ngaso sonke isikhathi;
- ekugcineni kwezimbali, imvamisa yokunisela iyancishiswa.
Ezinhlotsheni ezifakwe ku-animation emisiwe kanye nokwehla kwamahlamvu, inhlabathi ebhodweni iyamunyiswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ingome ngokuphelele.
Umsoco
Lapho nje isitshalo siqala izimpande, zizodinga umsoco owengeziwe. Kwenze kube yinyanga emva kokubekwa esitsheni esisha, usebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo zokuhlobisa.
Inqubo iphindwa njalo emavikini ama-3 kuze kuqale ukuqunjelwa. Lapho nje ama-cyclamen blooms, imvamisa yokugqoka ephezulu incishiswa ibe yisikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.
Izindlela zokuzala
Wabasaqalayo, abathanda kakhulu izimbali zasekhaya, banesifiso sendlela yokuyikhulisa kahle i-cyclamen ukuze ingalahli umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningana: ingane, ukuhlwanyela, iqabunga kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-tuber.
Imbewu
Ukuze uqoqe ngokuzimela izithelo kusuka kulesi sitshalo, kudingeka okungenani ube nezihlahla ezimbalwa zokungcolisa okwenziwe endlini. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukuthenga imbewu ye-cyclamen eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo sezimbali. Le ndlela yokuzala ibhekwa njengeyiyona engcono kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zePersi.
Uma isitshalo singatshalwa ebhodweni olusha nganoma iyiphi inyanga, ke ukuhlwanyelwa kungcono kakhulu ngo-Agasti, kulandelwa le algorithm:
- lungiselela isixazululo sikashukela esingu-5% bese ufaka imbewu kuso;
- inhlanyelo ebheke phezulu iphonswa ngaphandle kokuzisola;
- khona-ke imbewu idluliselwa amahora angama-8 kuya kwayi-10 isisombululo se-Zircon (amaconsi ama-4 ngenkomishi enye nenye yamanzi);
- imbewu ekhishwe kwi-biostimulant ibekwa phezu kwamaphakethe wekotini futhi imbozwe ngamabhandeshi wokuvuvukala;
Kubalulekile! Ukuze imbewu igxilwe kangcono, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyikhulisa, ishiye usuku ngaphansi kwezicubu eziminyene.
- ugqoko wamapulasitiki angajulile (mhlawumbe okusobala) ugcwele ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi, ethathwe ngokulingana;
- usakaze imbewu ebusweni bese uwafafaza ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi kuze kufike ku-1 cm;
- isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu ye-opaque.
I-greenhouse iyasakazwa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi iyanyiswa. I-cyclamen evela embewini ekhaya izonikeza izithombo zokuqala ngenyanga nenyanga. Ifilimu isuswa masinyane, ugqoko ludluliselwa endaweni epholile (15-17 °), indawo ekhanyiswe kahle.
Amamatheke amahloni
Amahlumela ayashona lapho i-nodule iphuma emhlabathini bese amaqabunga angama-2-3 akha kuwo. Udinga ukutshala izihlahla ezintsha ezitsheni ezincane (isibonelo, izinkomishi zepulasitiki).
Isitsha sigcwaliswe nge-substrate yesihlabathi, i-peat kanye ne-sheet land (1: 2: 4, ngokulandelana). Izithombo zitshalwe engxube yenhlabathi, zifafaza izindebe ngokuphelele ngayo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kokuqala kwezithombo kwenziwa ngesonto, kuthatha umanyolo wezimbali ngokuxineka okuphansi ("Tsvetovit", "Ferovit", "Kemira Lux").
Embizeni engapheli, enobubanzi obungadluli ku-8 cm, amatshana amasha atshalwa emva kwezinyanga eziyi-6. Kulokhu, i-tuber ayicwilisiwe ngokuphelele enhlabathini, ishiye ingxenye yesithathu ngaphezu kobuso.
Kubalulekile ukufeza ukuthambisa okulungile kwezitshalo ezincane.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze umswakama ugeleze ngqo ezimpandeni zezithombo, sebenzisa i-pipette. Ekuqaleni, inhlabathi yezithombo ikanyiswa amahlandla ama-2 ngesonto. Esikhathini esizayo, lapho izithombo zikhula kahle kumabhodwe ngamanye, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10.
Izingane
Le ndlela ithandwa kakhulu abalimi, ngoba inikeza isiqinisekiso esikhulu sokusinda. Inqubo yenziwa engxenyeni yesi-2 yehlobo, lapho izingane eziningana zakhiwa esihlahleni se-uterine. Njengoba ukhethe i-minicubber enempilo kakhulu ngeso, yenza okukhohlisa okulandelayo:
- u-anyanisi unqunywe ngokucophelela kusuka ku-tuber enkulu;
- ucwiliswe engxenyeni esejwayelekile evamile ye-cyclamen, ethelwe ku-peat noma endebeni yepulasitiki;
- ngaphezulu bamboza ngembiza yengilazi, sebakhe isengezo se-mini-greenhouse;
- ngezikhathi ezithile indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa bese inhlabathi ihlolwa ukuze umswakama;
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, lapho kuqala ukuhluma amahlamvu, imbiza ekugcineni iyahlanzwa futhi inakekele ingane, njengenjwayelo.
Ukukhetha kwengane
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, lesi yisithombo sishuthelwa ebhodweni lembali. Ngosuku lwe-30 ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwengane ngotshwala bukamama, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isisombululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo wamaminerali.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweTuber
Zama ukusabalalisa i-cyclamen ngale ndlela kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba kuzodingeka ulimaze impande. Ukuzisika kuvame ukuphela ngokubola i-Delenki futhi kungavusa nokufa kwesihlahla se-uterine. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukusebenzisa le ndlela kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthola i-cyclamen enempilo, ukuzala kokuhlukaniswa kwenziwa kuphela esigabeni sokuphumula.
Lungiselela inqubo ngokucophelela, uyenze ngaphandle kokujaha, ulandela imiyalo:
- ngosuku olungaphambi kokwehlukanisa, inhlabathi iyanyiswa ukuze i-tuber ibe lula ukuyikhipha;
- izimpande zigezwa ngamanzi afudumele, axazululiwe, asusa wonke umhlaba;
- umphetho wommese obukhali obondekile ukhanyelwa ngaphezulu kwelangabi futhi uvunyelwe ukupholisa;
- impande ihlukaniswe kangcono izingxenye 2 (ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, 4) izingxenye; Kokubili ngakunye kufanele kube khona indawo yokukhula kanye “nesithende” esinezimpande;
- i-Delenki faka iphepha elihlanzekile futhi lomisiwe amahora angama-2-4;
- izigaba ziphathwa ngokuluhlaza okukhazimulayo, bese kufakwa impuphu ngamalahle bese kushiyelwa amanye amahora angama-18;
Ukusakazwa ngezinzuzo
- hlanza amabhodwe alungiselelwe, ukuxubana kwenhlabathi nokukhipha amanzi;
- Ngaphambi kokutshala ukwahlukanisa, inhlabathi iyanyiswa.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nezidingo ezifanayo nangokufakelwa kwesihlahla okujwayelekile.
Indlela yamashidi
Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi i-cyclamen isakazeka kanjani emaphepheni kahle. Uma ungazinaki izici zenqubo, ekugcineni ungathola ipuleti elibolile kuphela. Iqabunga elithathwe esihlahleni kuyaqabukela limpande emanzini. Akukenzeki njalo ukwenza lokhu ku-substrate.
Izinhlobo ze-cyclamen zaseYurophu kuphela ezingasakazeka ngendlela efanayo - zakha izimpande zeminwe emaqabungeni. Izimbali zasePheresiya azinaso leso sici.
Indlela yokukhula yamaqabunga
Ukuze inqubo igcwaliswe ngempumelelo, kulandelwa imithetho elandelayo:
- amapheshana anezimpande awagawuli, kodwa ahlukane;
- ngasikhathi sinye, isicucwana esincane se-nodule kufanele sisuke nepuleti;
- lapho-ke udinga ukutshala umhlanga endaweni engaphansi, uyijulise, bese uyimboza nge-greenhouse.
Zonke ezinye izenzo - njengalapho ziphindaphinda i-cyclamen ngosizo lwezingane. Indlela yamaqabunga iyindlela esheshayo yokubamba imbala. Kakade esontweni lesithathu, isiqu singadubula. Kusekhona ukumnikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele.
I-Cyclamen isitshalo esihle kakhulu somhlobiso esingakujabulela ukuqhakaza noma ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Njengoba usufundile ukukhiqiza kabusha futhi ukuyihambisa ngendlela efanele, ungadala ipharadesi langempela kufasitela lakho. Ukwazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-cyclamen kusuka ezinhlanyweni ekhaya (noma ngenye indlela), unganika abathandekayo bakho ubukhazikhazi obuncane bezimbali
