Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-fern kuyinqubo eyinqayizivele yokwelula impilo yesitshalo esivele sikhona. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zazo ezigcinwa ekhaya noma engadini, ngoba lesi sitshalo sinomphumela ophakeme wokuhlobisa futhi awuthandi ukunakekelwa.
Yini i-fern
Ama-ferns noma ama-cocks aphakathi kwabameleli bakudala bomhlaba wezitshalo zomhlaba. Lapho sezikhule ngesimo sezihlahla ezinde, kepha namuhla zikhula njengezihlahlana eziphansi, cishe imitha eyi-1 ukuphakama. Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe imilo eyenziwe nge-fern, efana neenciniba, amahashe, ubakaki, kwenzeka kusetshenziswa izinsalela ezakha ngemuva kwamapuleti amaqabunga.
Indoor fern - umhlobiso isitshalo esiqabulayo
Ngabe ama-fern azalela kanjani emvelweni?
Ukuthuthukiswa nokusakazwa kwama-ferns endle kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwedlula ekhaya. Isitshalo sisakazeka ngama-spores noma ama-brood buds. Njalo ngesizini, izitshalo zefern zakha inhlansi nemijikelezo yama-sporophytes nama-gametophytes.
Isikimu nencazelo yokwenziwa kabusha kwama-ferns ngendlela yemvelo ngokuzimela emvelweni:
- ukwakheka kwe-sporangia kumaqabunga e-fern, ngaphakathi lapho ama-spores akha;
- ngemuva kokwakheka kwabo okugcwele, bahlukaniswa namapuleti futhi baphathwe emanzini noma endaweni ngosizo lomoya;
- ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezinhle, ihlumela likhula kubo, okuthi ngosizo lwe-rhizoid yalo ligxiliswe emhlabathini;
- engaphansi kwalokhu kukhula, kuqhamuka amaseli wegciwane labesifazane nabesilisa, lapho kuvela khona umquba;
- i-yazgote isheshe yakheka, eyakha izimpande zayo futhi ikhule ingene emhlabathini.
Nakani! Ama-spores amafomu kuphela kumaqabunga e-spore, kanti ama-fern nawo anama-plates angenalutho noma asexual.
Izindlela ezinkulu zokuthola isitshalo esisha ekhaya
Ekhaya engadini, ama-ferns angatshalwa ngezindlela eziningi. Njengomthetho, zihlobene nendlela ye-vegetative and spore. Ngokwemifino, ama-Clown asakazwa ngokususa amahlumela asezindongeni asezindongeni, atshale ama-brood buds futhi ahlukanise ihlathi lomama libe izingxenye eziningi. Indlela ye-spore ifaka ukuqoqwa kwezinhlaka ezakhiwe nokuhlwanyelwa kwazo emhlabathini.
Iyiphi indlela ephumelela kakhulu
Zonke izindlela zisetshenziswa kabanzi ngabanikazi abakheke nge-fern, ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ukuthi iyiphi ephumelela kakhudlwana. Uma ukhetha indlela ngesilinganiso sokusinda esiphakeme, khona-ke lokhu kuhlwanyela isigaxa. Kodwa-ke, kuthatha isikhathi eside.
Ukusebenza kwendlela kunqunywa luhlobo lwefern, ngoba uhlobo ngalunye luhluka ngesakhiwo salo se-morphological.
Ukwahlukaniswa kohlelo lwezimpande lwesihlahla esidala
Ungahlukaniswa kanjani nesihlahla futhi kanjani
Enye yezindlela ezikhiqiza futhi ezimfushane zezitshalo zokusakazwa kwabaphangi ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla esidala. Ngaphambi kokwenza le nqubo, kuyadingeka ukunisela isihlahla ngokukhululekile ngamanzi okushisa kwasekamelweni ukuze usikhiphe kalula emhlabathini ngaphandle kokonakalisa uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ungasakaza kanjani i-fern yangaphakathi ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla:
- Bemba imbobo ngaphambi kwamasentimitha angama-40-60 ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngaphansi kwawo kumbozwe ngezinto zokudonsa, futhi kufafazwe ngengxube yenhlabathi ngaphezulu.
- Bakhipha lesi sitshalo enhlabathini endala basihlukanise izingxenye eziningana ezilinganayo.
- Ngamunye wabo utshalwe emgodini noma ebhodweni elihlukile.
Kanye ngesonto, ukuthambisa ngokuphelele kwenziwa futhi amahlandla amabili kathulwe kusuka ngenhla besebenzisa umsele wokunisela.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukwaba isihlahla esisha ngesigaxa esisodwa.
Izikhala ngemuva kwamaqabunga
I-ferns ikhiqizwa kanjani ngama-spores
Le ndlela isebenza kakhulu entwasahlobo ngemuva kokushisa inhlabathi. Ukutshala ebhodweni kwenziwa ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
I-fern izala kanjani isebenzisa izinhlamvu ekhaya:
- Moisturize umhlabathi kusuka isibhamu isifutho.
- Fafaza ngaphezulu kwezibazi.
- Fafaza ngaphezulu komhlaba ngesendlalelo esingamasentimitha amathathu.
- Zimbozwe ngengilazi yengilazi noma yepulasitiki ngaphezulu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa.
- Lapho kuvela amahlumela, kuzodingeka ukuthi ususe indawo yokukhosela nsuku zonke amahora amabili.
Ungasusa kanjani izimpande eziseceleni
Imicibisholo ngesimo sezinyamazane ivela emaphepheni amaqabunga ama-ferns engadini, angenziwa wagxila emhlabathini. Eduze kwesitshalo lapho lomcibisholo oluhlaza wenzelwe khona, udinga ukubeka isitsha esihlukile nesitho sokwakha umsoco. Kubalulekile ukuthi lesi siqukathi siwukuphakama okufanayo noma sibe ngaphansi kancane kunebhodwe ngesitshalo sikamama.
Iziqukathi ezimbili zibekwe eceleni futhi ihlumela eliseceleni elinamadevu aphilile futhi azinzile ligobelwe phansi. Imise kancane ngomhlabathi. Uma kunesidingo, bopha nge-hairpin noma ngocingo. Ngemuva kwalokho, iswakanyiswe kahle bese zombili iziqukathi zishiywe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2, umcibisholo uzonika izimpande futhi uqinise kahle emhlabathini. Ingahlukaniswa esihlahleni esikhulu iphinde ihlelwe kwenye indawo. Uma kunesidingo, faka isithombo esincane kwesinye isitsha.
Ama-Brood buds akha amafulethi amaqabunga
Ungasakaza kanjani i-fern brood buds
Enye indlela yezitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo i-fern engaphindaphindeka ngayo ekhaya ngukutshala izithombo ezakhiwe emacembe emhlabathini. Izitshalo ezimise okwenziwe ngefern zinamandla okukhulisa izinqubo ezilandela kamuva kuma-petioles amapuleti awo amaqabunga. Awukwazi ukutshala izinso ezingafakwanga, kufanele ikhulule izimpande ezincane.
Inqubo eyodwa ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela futhi itshalwe ebhokisini eline-substrate. Moisturize inhlabathi bese ubeka endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo. Kuyadingeka ukudala i-microclimate enomswakama yokukhula kwezinso, ngakho-ke ekuqaleni zingambozwa ngefilimu.
Ngokushesha lapho kuvela izithombo ezingama-2-3 kuzithombo, ungasusa ifilimu bese uyifaka kwenye yezitsha ezihlukile.
Kubalulekile! Ungazidlulisi ngokushesha izithombo ebhodweni elikhulu. Eminyakeni yokuqala yokukhula, i-fern kusazodingeka ukuthi idluliselwe njalo entwasahlobo iye ezitsheni ezinkulu.
Izici zokunakekela ama-ferns aqhakazile
Ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kwe-fern ngemuva kokuzalela kuqukethe lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Umswakama Izithombo ezincane ngemuva kokufakelwa zithinta ikakhulu umswakama. Kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuyigcina ngamanani aphezulu, ikakhulukazi ebusika ngokushisa okungeziwe kwekamelo. Nsuku zonke udinga ukufafaza izihlahla kusuka esibhamu sokufafaza, futhi uma umoya womile ikakhulukazi, inqubo ingaphindwa kaningana ngosuku.
- Ukunisela njalo ohlelweni. Awukwazi ukwephula umbuso futhi unganaki le nqubo, kepha awudingi ukufaka izitshalo izitshalo. Amahlumela amasha ajwayele ukubola izimpande ngenxa yokuqina kwamanzi emhlabathini. Lapho utshala, kunconywa ukuthi kuqala umboze amanzi kuze kube phansi ebhodweni bese ugcwalisa kuphela isendlalelo. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukukhipha uketshezi ngokweqile epanini.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Umanyolo usetshenziswa kangcono ngendlela ye-ketshezi ngokuqeda amalungiselelo emanzini ajwayelekile nasekukhungweni okuncane. Inqubo yenziwa kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo amaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi ngezihlahla ze-fern ezibunjiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, wonke amaminerali ayadingeka ekuthuthukiseni okuvamile kwesitshalo, ikakhulukazi i-nitrogen, esiza ekwakheni isisindo esiluhlaza.
- Umbani kufanele ube mude, kepha uthambeke kancane ukuze ungashisi amaqabunga athambile. Kuyadingeka ukubeka ibhokisi elinezithombo ezantsi kwewindi laseningizimu ebusika bese ulidlulisela empumalanga noma ohlangothini olusentshonalanga ngokufika kwezinsuku ezifudumele ezifudumele.
- Isimo sokushisa. Izinkomba ezihamba phambili kule nkathi ziyabhekwa - 22-25 ℃.
Ama-ferns asekhaya aqala ukusikwa kalula ngemuva kokuzalela ekhaya
I-Indernors ferns izihlahla ezihlala zihlala zihlobisa ezihlala zibukeka kahle futhi ziyakwazi ukuqeda noma iyiphi ingaphakathi le-nondescript. Ibekwe emahhovisi nakwezinye izakhiwo ukunikeza induduzo. Ukusakazeka kwama-ferns inqubo elula futhi ephumelelayo engenziwa ngezindlela eziningi. Into esemqoka lapho-ke ukuhlinzeka izithombo ngokunaka nokunakekelwa okufanele ukuze ungalahli ngokuphelele konke okutshaliwe okutshaliwe.
