Ebusika, amafasitela ewindiza abanikazi abajabulayo be-begonias ezimbalikazi, anjengokungathi akhanyiswa ngamaqoqo aqhakazile a "roses" azo zonke izinhlobo ezifudumele ngisho nezishisayo - pink, yellow, orange, red.
Lezi zenzakalo ezimangalisayo zenzeka ngemva kokuwela kwe-begonia begerous - kusukela esiqhingini saseHaiti naseSootransky begonia, ekhula kuphela e-Yemen.
Kusukela kuhlobo lokuqala lwe-begonia, i-elater yazuza i-flowering ehlala njalo ehlala njalo futhi ekhanyayo, futhi kusukela kwesibili, ukuthungqwa kwezintambo kanye nokukwazi ukuqhakaza ebusika.
Ukuba i-hybrid eyakhiwe kahle, ayinayo amandla amakhulu futhi idinga ukuphatha ngokucophelela ekamelweni lesikamelo.
Futhi, lesi sitshalo kuthiwa yi-begonia izimbali.
Isithombe
Ungayinakekela kanjani?
Ukukhanyisa
Kudinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngaphandle kweqile elangeni eliqondile.
Okungcono kakhulu kuyoba ukukhanya okunikeza amafasitela abheke empumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Emafasitela asezindaweni ezisenyakatho, kanye nasenkathini yesikhashana esifushane, ukuze sikhulise izimbali, kuzodingeka ukuthi sikhanyise, sinikeze amahora angu-13 kuya kwangu-16 amahora emini ngosuku.
Eningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga, kudingeke ukuba shading - ikakhulukazi ekuphakameni kwehlobo.
Ukushisa
Ibanga lokushisa elihle unyaka wonke - kusuka 20 kuya ku-25 degrees.
Ebusikakunoma yikuphi izinga lokushisa akufanele liwele ngezansi + 18ºС
Ground
Le hybrid enhle ayifuni izidingo ezikhethekile emhlabathini we-substrate: kufanele kube i-asidi encane, engahlali kahle, enomsoco, enomoya omuhle kanye nomswakama ukuvuthwa.
Ungasebenzisa inhlabathi elungile ye-begonias, noma insimu engadini enomthamo omkhulu we-perlite noma i-vermiculite, kanye nokulungisa ingxube yezingxenye ezine zamaqabunga ama-humus, izingxenye ezimbili ze-peat kanye nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi esinamafutha.
Ukufika
Isiqukathi ngoba ukutshala kungenzeka kube nobubanzi obulingana nokuphakama nokugunyazwa umgodi wamanzi. Ngoba ukulimala okweqile kwamanziUkukwazi ukukwazi ukwenza izinto kungcono ukukhetha ukuhaha - amakhemikhali ngaphandle koqweqwe oluqhubekayo lwe-glaze.
Ngaphansi kwesitsha ungqimba lwamanzi yamatshe amancane noma ubumba obunwetshiwe, khona-ke inqwaba encane ithululelwa phezu kwenhlabathi, phezu kwayo inqubo yezimpande.
Qaphela ngokucophelela ukuphepha kwe-coma yobumba ngezimpande ezincane futhi ezibuthakathaka.
Gcwalisa ingxube yenhlabathi ezingeni elifunayo, ulifake ngokucophelela.
Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Emgwaqeni ophakathi, ukufika okunjalo kuqhutshwa ekuqaleni kukaJune, lapho kusongelwa khona amaqhwa ebusuku.
Izimila zifakwa kuma-20-25 amasentimitha ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Lapho ubusuku obushisa buya e-5-8ºС, lawa ma-begonias adluliselwa ekamelweni lokubusika, noma anqunywe kuwo ukuze aqothule.
Ukufakelwa
Ama-begonias ka-Elatior azwela kakhulu "ukufakelwa ukucindezeleka", ngakho-ke ama-specimens amancane ukufakelwa ngokucophelela njengoba ukhulafuthi uvuthiwe isetshenziswe okungajwayelekile, ukudluliselwa, ngokucophelela, noma shintsha ngokushaikhulile kusuka ku-cuttings.
Ukunisela
Wanisela ngokulinganisela, ikakhulu ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umgomo oyinhloko ukuvimbela inhlabathi kanye nesistimu yezimpande ekumeni noma ekujuleni kwenhlabathi umswakama.
Phakathi kokunisela ngamanzi athambile, hhayi emakhaza, inhlabathi kufanele ime kakhulu - okungenani kuze kube yingxenye yokuphakama kwebhodlela.
Umswakama womoya
Ehloboikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezishisayo ukupuniza kuyasiza kakhulu.
Ngalokhu isihlahla akufanele sikhanyiswe ilanga: Amaconsi amanzi emagqabini namagundane enza njengama-lens, ukukhanya kwelanga nokugxila kwesitshalo.
Ekwindla nasebusika, ukuchithwa akukwenziwa, ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ngokunyuka komswakama, ingozi yokugonywa kwe-begonia yizifo ezifayo zikhuphuka.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula nezikhulayo zondliwe nge-complex mineral for izitshalo zokuhlobisa izimbali kanye ngesonto.
Ukukhula nokusika
I-begonia ephelile ilahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa.
Ukuvuselela umkhadali wakhe uvumela ukunciphisa, eshiya kuphela "i-hemp" ukuphakama kwamamitha ayisihlanu nesikhombisa.
Maduzane kusuka ebuthongweni bokulala, amahlumela amasha azovela, okuthi, njengoba ekhula, udinga phinaukwakha isihlahla esibucayi esinamahlamvu aminyene.
Izimbali
Kuya ekuqhumeni kwe-elatior ngokuqhubekayo nangokwengeziwe, yakha okufakwayo "usuku olufushane" - ubude besikhathi semini buyancipha Amahora angu-9ukumboza lesi sitshalo ifilimu emnyama yeplastiki.
Inqubo enjalo yenziwa ngesikhathi amasonto amabili, ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwefihlekile.
Kuze kube manje, iziqu azilulwa, sebenzisa ama-retardant ukukhula noma amahlumela aso.
Khona-ke usuku lokukhanya futhi ukwandisa amahora angu-16 - angadinga ukukhanya okungaphezulu.
Ngenxa yalokho I-Begonia blooms ezinyangeni ezingaba ngu-2.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isitshalo esisodwa "siphelele" - isikhathi eside, esiningi futhi isikhathi eside - sibuyiselwa isikhathi eside futhi singenakwenzeka ukuqhuma futhi ngokuqina okufanayo.
Ukuzala
I-Flower yanda vegetatively - ama-cuttings, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile imbewu.
I-stem cuttings
Sebenzisa cuttings kanye nehlobo ehlobo cishe ubude obuyi-10 cm, lapho kukhona amaqabunga amabili namahlumela amabili okukhula. Izigaba zomile.
Ungasebenzisa ukuchithwa kokuqala kokusika emanzini, ukucubungula izingxenye eziphansi ngezimpande zokudala izimpande, noma ukuzitshala ngokushesha enhlabathini evamile ngokungezelela okwengeziwe kwesihlabathi.
Isembozo sokutshala nge-plastic wrap, sigcinwa efudumele (+22-25ºС), umoya nokuphucula.
Ngemuva kokubunjwa kwesimiso kanye nokubunjwa kwamahlumela amasha (cishe phakathi nenyanga), ama-cuttings ahlezi ezigumbini ezihlukene nge-mix evamile yenhlabathi.
Izihlahla ze-Leaf
Thatha ishidi elikhulu, elenziwe kahle, liyiqondise endaweni ebushelelezi kanzima (eklasini) kanye nekhasi elibukhali ihlukaniswe kusukela phakathi kuya ezingxenyeni ukuze ingxenye ngayinye ibe khona imithanjeni eyodwa noma emibili yemisipha.
Spread izingxenye ezitholakalayo endaweni yomhlabathi (ungakwazi ukwehlisa kancane imiphetho engezansi), moisten, ikhava nge-plastiki ukugoqa, i-moisten, umoya futhi uqukethe izinga lokushisa kwama-20-22 degrees.
Kungakapheli inyanga u-begonia uzovuselelwa ngisho "nokuqedwa" kanjalo namafomu amaqabunga amancane amasha emkhakheni wezinsizwa ezigayiwe.
Imbewu
Ezinye izinhlobo U-Elatior, isibonelo, iqembu lama-F1 hybrids, lingasakazwa yinzalo, futhi unyaka wonke (ekwindla kanye nobusika zidinga ukukhanya okuningi).
Imbewu encane ibekwe phezu kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, ifakwe ngamanzi, ihlanganiswe nefilimu yeplastiki, i-aerated, igcinwe 25-27ºС futhi ukukhanya okuhle.
Amahlumela avela ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
Ngemuva kokubunjwa amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu weqiniso izithombo zidonsa ngokucophelela ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-18-20ºС futhi ukunciphisa ukuchelela.
Njengoba zikhula, zihlezi.
Ukuze uqhubekele phambili ukugqugquzela ukwakhiwa kwamafihle ezitshalweni ezincane, sebenzisa indlela "yephakheji emnyama", echazwe esigabeni esithi "Izimbali".
Izimpawu zenkathazo
- Amaqabunga aphendukile, aphuma avule - umphumela wokukhanya okunganele, ikakhulu ebusika. Kudingekile ukuhlinzeka ngemodi yokukhanya engcono, ukuhlela ukukhanyisa ngesikhathi sokukhanya kwamahora amancane.
- Ama-Buds awa, ashiya omile-umoya omile nokushisa. Ukuvezwa kwelanga eliqondile kufanele kube nomkhawulo futhi umoya kufanele uhlaziywe.
- Amaqabunga aqhakazile, izindawo ezibomvu ezomile zivela kubo, amaqabunga nezimbali baba mncane - ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Udinga ukutshala i-pritenit.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Amaphutha wokunakekelwa, okokuqala, ukulimala noma ukungabi nomswakama emhlabathini, kunciphisa isitshalo futhi kuqhube amandla. i-powdery isikhutha. Kulesi simo, udinga ukwandisa ukuchelela nokucubungula i-begonia. fungicides.
Inhlanganisela yomswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa okuphansi kuholela ekuthuthukiseni impande noma amaqabunga abola. Uma inqubo isanda kuqalwa, kufanele ulungise ngokushesha izimo zokushisa nemiswakama bese ususa izingxenye ezimele. Endabeni yokunqotshwa okunamandla, kuzodingeka uqede izicuttings, uthathe amahlumela enempilo, futhi uzigcine ezimweni ezifanele, uphinde ulahle yonke isitshalo.
I-Begonia ingahlasela isicabucabu, i-aphid, i-scythe, i-thrips ne-mealybug. Njengesiyaluyalu sokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kokususwa kwezinambuzane kusetshenziswa uboya bekotini oluthuliswa utshwala, noma ukwelashwa ngesisombululo sensipho. Okungaphezulu kakhulu ngempumelelo ikhambi lezinambuzane - izinambuzane zesistimu.
I-Begonia Elatior - i-hybrid emangalisayo ye "abazali" abade kakhulu bezwe - ihlobisa ngokweqile phakathi nenkathi yezimbali eziningi ezide isikhathi eside, isikhathi esithakazelisayo nesibusika. Ekupheleni kwalokhu "izibhamu" ezivuthayo, ezingenayo "indawo yokugcina amandla", isitshalo ngokuvamile siba khona isikhathi eside.
Kodwa-ke, ukusakazwa yi-cuttings noma imbewu, i-begonia elatio inika ukuphila ezitshalweni ezincane ezikwazi ukuphinda zibuyele ngokufanayo nezimbali.
