Isiqu se-Japanese quince shrub - incazelo yesitshalo nezithelo

Izihlahla zama-quince zaseJapan, noma ama-henomeles - isitshalo esivundile esingowomndeni wakwaPink. Ithatha izimpande kahle ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, entwasahlobo ijabulisa ngezimbali eziningi futhi ezikhanyayo ekwindla - izithelo ezinempilo.

Imvelaphi nokubukeka

I-quince yaseJapan - isihlahla esingagcini nje ngokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi nesithelo. Njalo ekwindla, izithelo zikhula emagatsheni abukeka njenge-apula noma i-quince evamile, kepha incane ngosayizi. Ububanzi bezithelo abudluli ku-4 cm, yingakho lesi sitshalo sanikezwa elinye igama - "ama-apula wamanga".

Amagatsha aqhakazayo

Izithelo ze-Quince zinesakhiwo esiminyene, ukunambitheka okumuncu futhi kunephunga elimnandi. Abalimi abangenalwazi baqhathanisa ngephutha isihlahla saseJapan ne-quince ejwayelekile. Okuwukuphela kwesici esijwayelekile salezi zitshalo ezimbili - zombili zingamalungu omndeni iRosaceae, kuyilapho zinhlobo oluhlukile nenhloso.

Izwe le-quince shrub yiChina, iJapan neKorea, isitshalo esiqhakaza ngokuqhakaza kaningi siba umhlobiso wengadi yedwala. Uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe likuvumela ukuthi uqinise imithambeka ezindaweni zokukhululeka noma udale uthango.

Izithelo ze-Quince

I-quince yaseJapan, incazelo eningilizayo yesihlahla:

• Izitshalo zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene ziyinqabile noma zihlala ziluhlaza;
• Ukuphakama kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwayi-3;
• Amahlumela asongwe;
• Amaqabunga angama-oval ecwebezelayo noma amise okwe-teardrop, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zawo.

Lesi sitshalo sinenqwaba yezindlela ezingama-hybrid, kumahlumela ezinye zazo zikhula zibe ngu-2 cm ubude.

Phakathi kukaMeyi noJuni, blooms ama-quince kakhulu, wonke amahlumela ambozwe ngenqwaba yamahlumela. Izimbali zipendwe ngombala obomvu, owolintshi noma obomvu-olintshi, izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezipinki nezimhlophe azivamile.

Ngobubanzi, imbali ifinyelela usayizi ka-3-4 cm, ezinye izinhlobo ze-quince zimbozwe ngezimbali ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-5. Amahlumela angakhula yedwa noma aqoqwe emabhulashini wezimbali ezi-2-6. Imbali uqobo lwayo lujwayelekile noma luphindeke kabili, luqukethe inani elikhulu lezinsimbi.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-henomeles, ngesisekelo lapho izinhlobo eziningi zokuzala zenziwa, ezihluka ngombala, ukwakheka kwamaqabunga, usayizi wezimbali.

Isimbali esiyindilinga

Izinhlobo ze-hybrid zesitshalo zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezahlukene, zazo ezingaba ngu-500.

Quince Katayanskaya

I-Katayanskaya quince isihlahla esikhulu esikhula size sifinyelele ku-2-3 m ukuphakama. Entwasahlobo, amaqabunga esitshalo athola i-hue onsomi, lapho ihlobo liba luhlaza bese likhazimula. Njalo ngonyaka ngoMeyi, isihlahla simbozwa ngezimbali eziningi ezibomvana noma ezimhlophe.

Isongo se-Garnet

Shrub ngamahlamvu akhula ngokunamandla, ukuphakama kwawo akudluli kumamitha ayi-1. Amahlumela akhula emahlumela, kungakhiwa uthango kusuka ezitshalweni. Izimbali zikhula zikhule, zifinyelele kusayizi ofinyelela ku-5 cm ububanzi, ziqoqane ngamaqembu ama-2-6 efihlekile. Ama-buds apende obomvu noma obomvu obomvu.

Isongo seGrade Garnet

Ukuhlobisa okuhle

Ama-henomeles Or Orthal ayisihlahla esiqunisekayo, amahlumela awo amancane apendwe aluhlaza, futhi ekugcineni abe nsundu. Isikimu sombala se-buds sisuka kupinki siye kobomvu. Imbali ebukhulu ikhula ibe ngu-3.5 cm.

Dlulisa emva kokuthenga endaweni evulekile

Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi ukuhlobisa i-quince kuyisitshalo esine-Photophilous. Lapho ufaka izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanelekile futhi uhlele ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa.

Okudingayo kokwehla

Umhlaba wokutshala iziqu zokuhlobisa ulungiselelwe ekwindla, ukuze utshale izithombo entwasahlobo. Ukulungiselela inhlabathi ekwindla uzodinga:

• Umhlaba onqobayo;
• Isihlabathi;
• Umquba ovela ku-peat kanye nomquba. Nge-1 m2 uzodinga ama-7-8 kg;
• Umanyolo wePotash ngesilinganiso sama-35-40 g nge-1 m2. Ingashintshwa ngomanyolo we-phosphoric.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala entwasahlobo, kusetshenziswa ingxube yezakhi, iresiphi yayo:

• Humus - 5 kg;
• I-Superphosphate - 250 g;
• Ash - 500 g;
• Potrateum nitrate - 25 g.

Ngokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele ukhethe izithombo ezineminyaka emibili ngohlelo oluvaliwe lwezimpande. Izimpande ezibolile, ezomile noma eziphukile kudingeka zisuswe.

Indawo enhle

Izihlahla ezikhula emthunzini ziyaqhakaza buthaka bese zikhula kancane. I-Quince ithathwa kangcono izimpande kusuka ohlangothini oluseningizimu, lapho kuzoba khona ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele. Lesi sitshalo asizithandi izinhlaka eziqinile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusitshala eduze namanye amaqembu ezihlahla noma eduze kwezindonga zendlu.

I-quince yokuhlobisa inezimpande zenhlabathi evulekile ngokusabela kokungathathi hlangothi noma okune-asidi. Ngokutshala, i-sandy loamy nenhlabathi ethambile, equkethe i-humus eyanele, kufanelekile.

I-shrub ibekezelela kahle isimo sezulu esomile, impande yaso ephakathi ingena ngokujulile ngaphansi komhlaba futhi inakekelwa ngumswakama. Inhlabathi kumele ibe nomswakama ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi.

Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika

Ukukhetha indawo efanelekile, ungaqala ukufika:

1. Ekwindla, inhlabathi iyahlanzwa, i-compost kusuka ku-peat nomquba ifakwa kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umanyolo we-phosphoric ungezelelwa emhlabathini;
2. Entwasahlobo yokutshala, bambe umgodi olinganisa u-50x50 cm, okuyi-60-70 cm;
3. Ukusuka ku-humus nomlotha bakha ingxube enempilo yokugcwalisa emuva. I-Superphosphate ne-potassium nitrate yengezwa kuyo;
4. Ingxube yezakhi ithululelwa emgodini 1/3, 2-3 cm womhlaba ojwayelekile ufafazwa ngaphezulu. Izimpande zesitshalo akufanele zihlangane nomanyolo;
5. Izithombo ezilungiselelwe ngaphambi kokutshala ziniselwa ngamanzi amaningi, zibekwe emgodini futhi izimpande ziqonde. Intamo yezimpande akufanele ijule kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukubeka endaweni efanayo nomhlabathi. Isitshalo sidakiwe, ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlaba luhlanganiswe ngezandla;
6. Isithombo ngasinye sitheliswa ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi, ungamboza umhlabathi ezansi ngamagatsha noma ukushelela kwezinkuni.

I-Hedge

Izihlahla zitshalelwe kude 1-1,5 m ukusuka komunye nomunye, ukwakha uthango, ibanga liyancishiswa libe ngu-50 cm.

Ukuzala

I-quince yaseJapan ingasakazwa kusetshenziswa imbewu noma izindlela zokutshala. Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni inqubo encane ethatha isikhathi, kepha akuqinisekisi ukulondolozwa kwezakhiwo zesitshalo somama.

Izimbumbulu

Ukusikwa kwesihlahla kunengqondo uma kunesidingo sokugcina izakhiwo zohlobo oluthile lwe-quince. Izilimo zivunwa engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni ngaphambi kokuqala kokushisa, zidinga ukusikwa kuze kube ngu-9-10 ekuseni.

Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela umhlabathi wokutshala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba udinga ukuxuba i-peat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 3. Ama-billets atshalwe endaweni emthambeka kancane kule ngxube elungiselelwe. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-1-2, lesi sitshalo sizokhula uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kuka-20-25 ° C. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, amahlumela atshalwa kubhavu lapho kugcinwa umswakama ophakeme.

Ama-40-50% we-cutways kuphela azokwazi ukuthatha izimpande; izixhasi zokukhula ezisetshenziselwa ukukhulisa izinkomba nge-15-20%. Amabillet aphathwa ngesisombululo se-0,01% indolylbutyric acid, abese atshalwa.

Ukutshala imbewu

Imbewu yokuhlobisa ye-quince itholakala ngezithelo ezivuthiwe. Imbewu ezinkulu ezinsundu emnyama zingasetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa; azidingi ukucutshungulwa. Ekwindla bahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, kuze kube yi-80% yezitshalo ezitshala entwasahlobo elandelayo.

Imbewu yesilanga eduze komphathi

Uma imbewu ingenakutyalwa ngaphambi kobusika, ifakwa emhlabathini oswakeme noma esihlabathini futhi igcinwe emazingeni okushisa ayi-3-4 ° C ubusika bonke. Ngentwasahlobo, amahlumela azovela, bese imbewu idluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukunakekelwa

I-Quince iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kepha idinga ukunakekelwa, endle, isihlahla sokuhlobisa kancane kancane siphulukana nekhono laso lokuqhakaza kakhulu. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umhlobiso wezihlahla zomhlobiso wesichotho uvela eMpumalanga, utholakala kalula ngisho nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeSifunda saseMoscow.

Imodi yokunisela

Isihlahla saseJapan i-quince shrub sidingi ukuthambisa okuningi, isihlahla simelana nesomiso nokushisa okuphezulu. Izithombo ezincane ziniselwa njalo ngesonto kuze kube sezimpandeni. Isitshalo esidala siniselwa kanye njalo emavikini ama-2-3, ngesikhathi semvula isitshalo sithela ngokunisela.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa entwasahlobo iminyaka emi-2 ngemuva kokutshala izithombo. Izingxube zamaminerali neze-organic zingasetshenziswa njengamanyolo. Ukondla i-1 bush, udinga ukuxuba:

• Umquba - 1 ibhakede;
• Potrateum nitrate - 300 g;
• Superphosphate - 300 g.

Ehlobo, isitshalo esidala singafuthiswa ngomanyolo we-ketshezi, isibonelo, isixazululo samanzi se-nitrate noma ingxube yamanzi nodoti.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza

Ehlobo, umhlaba ozungeze isihlahlana kufanele ukhululwe ngu-5-7 cm ukuze ugcwale umoya-mpilo. Uma ihlobo selomile, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-quince ifakwe ngotshani noma i-peat, ukuphakama kwengqimba kufanele kube ngu-3-4 cm. Umhlaba uvulwa njalo ukhula.

Ngesikhathi sokuphumula

Izihlahla ezivundile zidinga ukugawulwa kaningana ngonyaka. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ukuthungwa kwendle kwenziwa, amahlumela abolile futhi aqandisiwe ayasuswa. Ekwindla, bathunga ukwakheka komqhele, banciphise amagatsha. Ama-Shots angaphezulu kweminyaka engu-5 kumele anqunywe.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

I-shrub ibekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa aze afike ku-25 ° C ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela. Ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima kanye namaqhwa anamandla, izimpande zezitshalo zimbozwe ngamagatsha wefir. Amahlumela kufanele agobeke futhi afafazwe nge-spruce noma amaqabunga omile. Izihlahlana ezincane ezingaphansi kobusika zimbozwe ngamakhadibhodi noma ngamabhokisi enkuni.

Umuntu ngamunye ohlala endlini yangasese ufuna ukuhlobisa ingadi yakhe ngezitshalo ezinhle. Enye yamabhishi ayizintandokazi abalimi nabaklami bemvelo yi-quince yaseJapan, ukunakekelwa nokutshala isihlahla akudingi isikhathi esiningi. Ngonyaka olandelayo, izithombo zikhula zimbozwe ngezimbali zokuqala.