I-Stonecrop (sedum) - isitshalo somndeni iCrassulaceae. Izindawo zokuqala indawo eyomile. Imvelaphi yamazwekazi ase-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika, ikhula emthambekeni, emaceleni e-Europe, eRussia, eCaucasus. I-Sedum ihunyushwe isuka ku-Latin "sedo", okusho "ukuncipha." Abantu babiza "iklabishi likanogwaja", "utshani obumbambile", "omncane".
Incazelo
ISedum i-perennial noma iminyaka emibili. Izinhlobo zako zithande ukushisa, ubusika-i-hardy, ne-sunfresh. Ama-dense amahlumela avela ngaphandle, akha izihlahlana nezihlahlana, izinhlobo eziningi ziyanda. Kushiya amahlamvu ngaphandle, okunamabala, okusaqanda, okutholakale kucwebe, kuqhamkile. Akhiwe maqondana nomunye.
Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, umbala wamaqabunga uhlukile - luhlaza okotshani, opinki, ompunga, namabala abomvu. Ilanga elikhanyayo, isithunzi, umoya, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kuthinta futhi umbala we-stonecrop. Uhlelo lwezimpande lumelelwa yizilimo eziyizigaxa.
Ama-inflorescence abunjwe ngesambulela ehlobo ehlobo noma ekwindla. Umbala wabo ubomvu, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, mhlophe, ophuzi. Ama-petals aminyene futhi agobile akha i-tube emincane, ama-stamens ayabonakala kuwo. Izimbali zinuka kamnandi futhi ziheha izinyosi, ama-bumblebees. Izinhlobo eziningi zinobuthi.
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwama-alkaloids, ama-tannins, ama-glycosides, ama-flavonoid, ama-organic acid, amavithamini C, lesi sitshalo sinezakhiwo zokuphulukisa. Izitho zalo ithoni, ahlanze isikhumba, asize ngokumelana nezifo zenhliziyo, kanye nama-painkillers alungiswa kusuka emaqabungeni.
I-Stonecrop: izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezinezithombe, i-caustic, ezivelele nezinye
Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-500 nezinhlobo ze-sedum zibaliwe. Imbalwa kuphela yazo etshalwa njengomhlobiso.
| Buka | Incazelo | Izinhlobo |
| Okuvamile | I-perennial, inesiqu esiqinile, nesiwugqinsi. Flat, okusaqanda, amapuleti ishidi ribbed. Ama-petals abukeka njengezinkanyezi ezincane, ziyaqhakaza ngoJulayi. |
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| Ithathi | Ukubuka okumbalwa kuze kufike ku-5 cm (ubuthi) onombala oluhlaza omnyama, amaqabunga aminyene nezinhlamvu zegolide ngendlela yezinkanyezi. Imelana nembalela, ebusika-i-Hardy. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. |
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| UMorgana (umsila wenkawu) | Amahlamvu aluhlaza amancane akhanyayo. Imitha inyakazisa kahle ngokusonteka ezimbizeni zezimbali. Izimbali ezibomvu-zibomvu zibonakala njengezinkanyezi ezincane ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. |
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| Bent (reflexum) | I-evergreen edible perennial. Amaqabunga mancane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, akhula ngokunabile ngeziqu ezifushane. Iqhakaza ngoJulayi ophuzi. |
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| Amanga | Okufushane, okuqinile ebusika-ngamahlumela akhasa, akhula njengokhaphethi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza a-oval, ngemuva kwamafrimu aphenduka onsomi noma ithusi. Ama-inflorescence e-Purple aqhakaza ngoJulayi-Agasti. |
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| Okuhle | Hlala ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, ompunga, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iqhakaza ngo-Agasti nango-Okthoba ngemithunzi ehlukene epinki. |
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| Kamchatsky | Ubusika obukhuni obusika bunamaqabunga amnyama, anqabile amaqabunga. Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba ngombala o-orange ogqamile. |
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| Okumhlophe | Iziqu eziluhlaza kanye namaqabunga amancane akhula ku-carpet eminyene. Ukweqisa ama-inflorescence blooms ngo-Agasti, izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa zinephunga elimnandi. Ubusika obuqinile, bathanda isithunzi esilinganayo. |
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| Sieboldi | Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo, zishiya umbala onsundu ngombala obomvu, ozungezwe ngohlobo lwabalandeli. Blooms ngo-Okthoba ngombala onsomi. | Mediovariegatum - amahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onqenqemeni, phakathi nebhendi ebanzi enokhilimu. |
| Evers | Amaqabunga anwebekile, anwebekile adala ukhaphethi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amacembe apinki akhanyayo avulwa ngoJulayi, futhi aqhubeke kuze kube yiqhwa. Ikhula ezintabeni. |
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| Ten Ten | Amacembe amise okwamadayimane anama-clove amancane, aqhakaza i-orange-orange ngoJuni-Agasti. | Ubisi-like - amahlumela obomvu amnyama ngombala wethusi wamaqabunga nombala we-orange wezimbali. |
| Okuhlosiwe | Faka isiqu ngamahlamvu anamafutha, abushelelezi, anwebekile nayi-pink shades yezinyoni. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kusuka kuJulayi kuya kuSepthemba. |
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Ukukhetha Izithombo
Izithombo kumele zibe nempilo, isiqu, ishiye nokunwebeka, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zezifo, iminonjana yezilokazane, ngenkathi kucatshangelwa ukwehlukahluka kwimbali.
Abaphansi bazokwakha isithonjana sezimbali, esiphakeme - sibukeka sihle eqenjini noma singly.
Indawo
Ukhetha indawo yokutshala itshe enamatshe angena khona elangeni, elivulekile, nenhlabathi ngaphandle kokugcwala kwamanzi. Ukukhanya kwelanga kunikeza imbali yokuhlobisa. Abatshali ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezivisayo, uma kungenjalo amahlumela amasha ngeke aqhume.
Ukutshala kweSedum endaweni evulekile isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
I-Stonecrop ikhula enhlabathini enomswakama, lapho ikhula khona kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bambe umhlaba, engeza umquba noma i-humus. Isembozo esingaphansi komhlaba sidinga umanyolo ovundile, okhanyayo nongakhanyisiwe. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula emafutheni, ezinesihlabathi, ezinhlabathini ezinensalela.
Etshalwe entwasahlobo, kahle ngoMeyi.
Izinyathelo ezihamba ngokulandela:
- Ngeso naleso sici ngasinye bhala umgodi ongu-20 cm ojulile no-50 cm ububanzi.
- Ngaphansi embozwe amanzi (isihlabathi samanzi emifula, amatshe amatshe).
- Ngaphezulu komhlaba, Peat, humus 3: 1.
- Ukudangala kwenziwa phakathi komthombo, njengempande yesithombo.
- Faka isithombo.
- Fafaza ngenhlabathi, uqhekeze.
- Kugcwele.
- Kuzungeze ukubeka amatshe amatshe ambalwa, okubonisa umgodi.
Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo lingu-10-15 cm, phakathi kwezintambo - 20 cm.
Vula Ukunakekelwa kweSedum
Ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle kulula: zalisa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile, amanzi. Njalo ngesonto, kukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla, ukhula ukhula. Amahlumela omile namaqabunga ayasuswa. Baqapha ukubukeka kwezifo nezinambuzane.
Ukunisela
Ehlobo elomile kakhulu, i-sedum iniselwa kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, akuvumeli ukukhukhula kwenhlabathi ngokweqile, ukuze kugwemeke ukubola kwezimpande, lokhu akwenzi emuva kwemvula.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
ISedum ipha umanyolo ngama-anculents. Ngo-Ephreli - okokuqala ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngo-Agasti - owesibili, emva kwawo. Entwasahlobo, kufakwa umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, ekwindla akudingekile, lokhu kuzokwephula ukutholakala kwesitshalo emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Esikhundleni sezinto eziphilayo, basebenzisa ukumnika kwe-mullein, ifakwa emanzini 1:10, kodwa hhayi umquba omusha.
Izihlahla
Ukwenza izihlahla kunikeza ukwakheka okuhle esihlahleni, kuyilapho izingxenye zesitshalo ezilimele nezibuthakathaka zisuswa. Sebenzisa amathuluzi abukhali nawabulala amagciwane.
Ezinhlotsheni ezingapheli, iziqu zinqunywa ekwindla sekwephuzile futhi zimboze iziqu ezisele. Entwasahlobo, kuvela amahlumela amasha.
Ukuvuselelwa kwendalo
Ukuvuselelwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4. Entwasahlobo noma ekwindla basusa amahlumela amadala, bambe abasha, bahlukane. Izingxenye zidluliselwa, inhlabathi ihlinzekwa ngomlotha nesihlabathi.
Ubusika
I-stonecrop ivame ukubekezelela kahle amazinga okushisa aphansi, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zidinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Ngokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala, amahlumela asikiwe, kusale amasentimitha angama-3-4, embozwe, embozwe umhlaba.
Izinambuzane nezifo
I-Stonecrop iyamelana nezifo nezinambuzane, ithela isitshalo kuyaqabukela, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuphulwa kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama. Kungaba:
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta - kuvela amabala amnyama. Izingxenye ezithintekile ziyasuswa, ziphathwe nge-fungicide.
- Ama-Thrips - amachashazi amnyama, ukuphuma kokunamathela, amaqabunga awayo. Icutshungulwe nguFitoverm, Actellik.
- Ama-aphid - ashiya omile, aqinile, izinambuzane eziluhlaza ziyabonakala. Faka izidakamizwa - Spark, Confidor.
- I-Weevil - "amaphethini" anciphile kumaqabunga. Iphathwe nge-malathion.
Ukuzala
Kusatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezilula:
- Imbewu - eqoqwe ezitshalweni engadini (izithelo zomile futhi ziqhekeke) noma zithengwe esitolo. Imbewu esisanda kuvunwa inamandla amakhulu okukhula. Ukuhlwanyelwa entwasahlobo (Mashi-Ephreli) endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, umquba, isihlabathi 1: 1: 1, pre-oswakanyiswe. Fafaza kancane. Dala izimo zohlaza abamba ukushisa: ukumboza ngefilimu. Ngemuva kwalokho faka endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa liyi-+5 ° C. Khipha umoya njalo, u-moisturize. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, izitsha ezinembewu zidluliselwa ekushiseni kuka +20 ° C. Izithombo kulindeleke ezinyangeni eziyi-7-14. Lapho kwakhiwa amaqabunga amabili ajwayelekile, ahlala phansi. Izithombo ziyavutha, zithathe zingene emoyeni ovulekile, ngaphambi kokutshala engadini yezimbali. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini lapho iqhwa lidlula. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-2-3, lesi sitshalo siyoqhakaza.
- Ukusika - usike kube kubude be-15 cm kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamahlumela. Amaqabunga aphansi ayasuswa, adonswe engxenyeni enomswakama yenhlabathi nge-compost nesihlabathi. Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, wanisela. Ngemuva kokubunjwa kwezimpande, ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, kutshalwe kabusha.
- Ukwahlukanisa - kulokhu, thatha umuntu omdala, isihlahla esineminyaka engu-4-5. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-stonecrop ezifanele, ezijwayelekile. Bemba ngaphandle, bahlanzekile emhlabeni, banquma abagulayo, iziqu ezibolile, izimpande. Ihlukaniswe ngezihlahla ezimbalwa ezincane, ezihlala zinezimbali. Izilayi ezifafazwe ngokhuni (namalahle ocushiwe), omiswe izinsuku ezimbili futhi watshala.
Stonecrop ekhaya
I-Stonecrop ikhuliswa kancane egumbini, idinga ukukhanya kwelanga, ebusika - ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Isitshalo sibekwa efasiteleni eliseningizimu, asikho isidingo somthunzi. Imbiza ikhethwe ephansi, ebanzi, enezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
Bathenga izingxube zomhlabathi ze-cacti noma bazenzele: i-turf, inhlabathi enamaqabunga, isihlabathi ngokulinganayo. Ngaphansi kwembiza kumbozwe ungqimba lwamanzi.
Kunamanzi kancane, ukugwema ukuthumela amanzi. Ehlobo, kanye ngesonto, ebusika - kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala, xuba nezingxube zama-mopulents. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lisethwe ku + 25 ... 28 ° C, ebusika - + 8 ... 12 ° C. Ukufafaza nge-stonecrop akudingekile, ngesinye isikhathi kugeza okufudumele kuphela.
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: ukusetshenziswa kwe-sedum ekwakhiweni komhlaba
I-Sedum inika ubuhle obungaphezu kwemingcele emibhedeni, imibhede yezimbali, amadwala, izindlela zasensimini, amagquma asezintabeni. Izinhlobo zezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo neziyimfashini zidala ukwakheka kwasekuqaleni nazo zonke ezinye izimbali ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Ekwindla, izitshalo eziningi zilahlekelwa ukukhanga kwazo, futhi ngamatshe isikhathi eside kuyathandeka ngokubukeka kokuhlobisa.
Abalimi bahlobisa isiza, kukhula i-sedum emabhodweni, ezitsheni. Abanye bakha isitshalo ku-greenhouse, bese beyikhipha bayise emgaqweni noma bayitshale endaweni evulekile.
