Izifo Zalamusi Wasekhaya - Izimbangela Nokwelashwa

Ulamula onambithekayo otshalwe ekhaya ungamangazi muntu. Ngaphambi kokuthenga isitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthi utadishe ngokucophelela izifo zezimbangela zelayisi ekhaya kanye nokwelashwa kwalezi zitshalo ezintekenteke.

Izimbangela Zezifo Zalamusi Womndeni

Izifo ezahlukahlukene zithinta kabi ukubukeka kwesitshalo nezithelo. Imvamisa, ulamula uthinteka ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni:

• buthakathaka ngezinye izifo;
• okungasungulwa ukunakekelwa okufanele (okunisela, ukuthena);
  

  Ulamula wegumbi

• aqukethe izimo ezingafanele (ukukhanya okungafanele, okusalungiswa, inhlabathi engaphansi, izimo zokushisa ezingekho kahle).

Amagciwane, amagciwane noma izinambuzane zingavela:

• enhlabathini engaphathwanga kahle
• kwisibambo sokugula ngesikhathi sokugoma,
• ngesikhathi sokuphefumula kwekamelo (kwenzeka kakhulu),
• ezitshalweni zasendlini ezinesifo eduze.

Izifo eziningi zikalamula zelapheka, kepha kukhona nezifo ezingatholakali kunoma yimuphi umphumela wokwelapha, futhi lesi sitshalo kufanele sichithwe.

Kungani amahlamvu kalamula aphuzi

Amacembe wegumbi ulamula aphuzi aphuzi ngoba:

1. Kwakhethwa ukukhanya okungalungile (imisebe eqondile yelanga ivusa ukubukeka kokusha, umthunzi ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ebandayo, awuvumeli lesi sitshalo ukuba sikhule ngokugcwele).
   

   Ulamula onamaqabunga aphuzi.

2. Ukunisela okunganele noma okweqile, okuyingozi ngokulinganayo kulamula.
3. Ukwephulwa kombuso ojwayelekile wokushisa kubangela ingcindezi esitshalweni, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi. Lemons ikhula kahle ebangeni lokushisa le-14-25 C0, kepha i-20 C0 ilungele bona. Ngesikhathi sokungena komoya omncane (ikakhulukazi ekwindla noma ebusika), kunconywa ukukhipha ulamula egumbini ukuze ugweme umehluko wokushisa obukhali. Amabhethri wokushisa okuphakathi noma ezinye izinto zokufudumeza akufanele zibe seduze kwembiza.
4. Izinga lomswakama elikhulisiwe noma elehlisiwe egumbini (kahle lisuka ku-60% laya ku-70%).
5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okungafanele noma okungajwayelekile. Ilamula idinga izakhamzimba, kepha ukugcwala kwazo akukuhle isilwane.

I-Lemon Leaf Chlorosis

I-chlorosis yezitshalo ukwephula ukwakheka kwe-chlorophyll emaqabunga. Uphawu oluphambili lwalesi sifo ngamapuleti amaqabunga aphuzi kanye nemithambo eluhlaza.

I-chlorosis yeLeaf

Imbangela enkulu yalesi sifo ukuntuleka kwe- iron ne-magnesium.

Izindlela zokulwa ne-chlorosis:

• Ukutshalwa kwezitshalo kumhlabathi omusha nembiza enkulu;
• Ukufafaza amaqabunga ngesisombululo se-Ferovit (1.5 ml nge-litre elilodwa lamanzi);
• Ukugqoka nge-magnesium sulfate;
• Hlanza inhlabathi ebhodweni (uthele ulamula phezu kwamanzi afudumele imizuzu engama-30 kuze kube yilapho kukhipha uketshezi olucwengekile emiseleni yokudonsa). Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi nokuphefumula kwayo. Ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ngemuva kwenqubo, isitshalo siyondliwa.

Kungani ama-lime ashiya i-curl

Enye yezifo ejwayelekile kalamula eyenziwe ekhaya iqabunga lamaqabunga.

Izimbangela zalesi sifo:

• 1) Ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokunakekelwa (okuvame kakhulu ukuthambisa okungafanele kwenhlabathi nomoya).
• 2) Ukuntuleka kukamanyolo wamaminerali (ukuntuleka kwe-calcium, i-boron noma ithusi emhlabathini).
• 3) Ukuntuleka komoya omusha.
• 4) Ukwehlulwa kwesitshalo yizilokazane ezahlukahlukene (kuzo zombili umqhele wesihlahla nakuhlelo lwazo lwezimpande).

Umbuzo othi "kungani ulamula ulahla okushiya ukuthi wenzeni" uthokozisa abatshali abaningi. Imbangela ejwayelekile yokudonsa amaqabunga kalamula eyenziwe ekhaya yinoma yisiphi isifo segciwane noma fungal:

1. I-mosaic yeqabunga (amaqabunga ashintsha ukwakheka kwawo, imidwebo emnyama noma ekhanyayo ivela kubo, ifana nezimpawu zokuhlobisa, isitshalo siyama ukukhula) Awukwazi ukwelapha i-lemongrass enesifo, ungakwazi ukwelula impilo yesitshalo kuphela ngokuwondla njalo futhi usinakekele kahle. Ochwepheshe batusa ukubhubhisa ulamula onjalo ukuze lesi sifo singasakazeki kwezinye izitshalo.
2. Umdlavuza wezitshalo zikawolintshi (ezigabeni zokuqala, amaqabunga nezithelo zimbozwe izindawo ezinsundu, kamuva ama-limonchiki athathe amafomu amabi, amahlamvu awa, nesihlahla size sife). Umuthi onesifo awunakuvuselelwa, kepha ukuvimbela umdlavuza kunconyelwa ukufafaza ulamula ngama-fungicides ethusi we-liquid.
3. UTristeza (ngesinye sezizathu ezenza ukuthi ulamula alahle amaqabunga, ngaphandle kwalokho, amagatsha, amagxolo avele kancane afe nesihlahla afe). Lesi sifo aselapheki, sivame ukuthinta izitshalo ezibuthakathaka.
4. I-Anthracnose (amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe, amagatsha acashile ayafa, isihlahla singalahla isihluma, amabala abomvu avele ezithelo) Ukwelashwa: unqume amagatsha omisiwe, ucubungule isitshalo ngeFitosporin amahlandla amathathu, isisombululo esingu-1 samaphesenti we-Bordeaux fluid nawo kufanelekile.
5. IMalsecco (amaqabunga awela phansi, amahlumela ukusuka eziqongweni aqala ukoma, amagatsha asikiwe aba bomvu). Isizathu salokhu kwenzeka ukuntuleka kokukhanya, kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuze kube ngu-Ephreli, isitshalo sidinga ukukhanyiswa ukwandisa amahora emini. Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa akunakwenzeka. Uma ukwenziwa okujwayelekile kombuso wokukhanya kungasizi, khona-ke lesi sitshalo kufanele silahlwe.
6. Uma kwenzeka kulimala ukubola kwezimpande, ulamula ungaphonsa namaqabunga. Uma ngenxa yalesi sizathu amaqabunga ewa kulamula, khona-ke siyakwazi okufanele sikwenze: bamba isitshalo, hlamba bese uhlola uhlelo lwezimpande, susa izimpande ezibolile. Ulamula utshalwe kwelinye ibhodwe enhlabathini yegciwane. Izinsuku eziyishumi nanye, ungasiniseleli isitshalo, kodwa fafaza kuphela ngamanzi afudumele bese usula amaqabunga ngesipanji esimanzi.

Ukugoqa okunamathelayo kumaqabunga kalamula

Ukugoqa okunamathele akugcini nje ukonakalisa ukubonakala kwesihlahla, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ukukhula kwawo.

Izindawo ezinamathelayo emaqabungeni

Izizathu zokuvela kwesendlalelo esinamathelayo:

• ukunakekelwa okungaphansi;
• ukuchelela ngokweqile isikhathi eside;
• isitshalo sahlaselwa isinambuzane esikalini;
• i-aphid ivele kulamula.

Izici zokuqala ezi-2 ziqedwa kalula ngemuva kokufunda imininingwane efanelekile ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwesitshalo. Isikali kanye ne-aphid kuyizinambuzane okunzima ukuzilawula, kepha kungenzeka.

Ukulwa namabala aphuzi kumaqabunga kalamula

Ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa, umswakama ophansi, ukuthambisa okunephutha, ukushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa ngokuzumayo kanye nokudla okungafanele kungavusa ukubukeka kwamabala aphuzi emaqabungeni welamula owenziwe ekhaya. Izimpawu ezifanayo zingabonakala nezinye izifo:

• I-Scab noma i-wartiness ukutheleleka kwesikhunta sesitshalo, uphawu oluyinhloko lwayo amabala aphuzi emagqabheni, kancane kancane lube ngama-warts ama-pink-grey (ukukhula). Amabala e-orange avela esithelweni. Ama-warts asakazeka kancane kancane kuso sonke lesi sitshalo, abhubhise izithelo, angaholela ekufeni kwesihlahla. Ukwelashwa: ukwelashwa komqhele ngesisombululo esingu-1% we-Bordeaux fluid, ukususwa kwamagatsha athintekile, izithelo namaqabunga.
• Ukutheleleka ngebala elimnyama (ukubukeka emaqabungeni amabala aphuzi wesimo esingajwayelekile) akunakuphulukiswa. Isitshalo esinesifo kufanele sibhujiswe ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo kwabanye.
• Nge-phylloctictosis, amabala ansundu anezinhlanga avela emaqabungeni aphansi.
• Ukulimala okufika lapho kubonakaliswa ukuvuvukala kwamagxolo nezindawo ezinamafutha emafutheni.

I-phyllosticosis kanye nokulimala sekwephuzile kungalashwa ngemithi ye-fungicidal.

Ukomisa amaqabunga amaqabunga nezindawo ezimhlophe kuzo

 Amathiphu amaqabunga angoma lapho:

• i-microclimate engafanele;
• ukukhanyisa okungalingani;
• indlala yezimbiwa;
• inhlabathi ekhethwe ngendlela engafanele;
• ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.

Amaqabunga kalamula, embozwe ngengubo emhlophe, akhombisa ukubukeka kwesibhakabhaka esimhlophe.

I-butterfly emhlophe

Ukuthola i-parasite kulula:

• ngemuva kokunyakazisa amagatsha, izimvemvane ziyahamba;
• ukwakheka okumhlophe okufana nobumba okufana nobumba kuvela emaqabungeni nakumahlumela;
• amahlamvu athintekile asontekile, aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile.

Izindlela zokulwa nezinambuzane:

• izimvemvane ezimbalwa zibhujiswa ngokugeza amaqabunga nge-gauze afakwe emanzini anosawoti;
• ompompi abanamathelayo bezimpukane balengiswa eduze kwesihlahla;
• fafaza isitshalo amahlandla amaningi ngekhambi elimnandi (2 wezipuni kashukela oncibilikisiwe engilazini yamanzi);
• inani elikhulu lezinambuzane lingahlulwa kuphela ngosizo lwamakhemikhali akhethekile.

Kungani ulamula ungatheli izithelo

Akuzona zonke izihlahla zikalamula ezivuthwa. Kubanikazi abaningi, lokhu kumane nje kuwumhlobiso omuhle wokuhlobisa ikhaya. Kungani ulamula ungatheli izithelo, izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• 1) isitshalo sikhule kusuka embewini futhi ayixhunyelelwanga;
• 2) isihlahla asixhunyelelwanga kahle;
• 3) ukwephulwa kwezimo ezintofontofo (izinguquko zokushisa kanye nomswakama ophansi);
  

  Ukuqhakaza ulamula

• 4) kunezimbali nezithelo eziningi kakhulu esihlahleni (ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukuthi basuse amaqanda amaningi, aqondiswe ngumthetho: "Amaqabunga ayi-10 - 1 imbali");
• 5) ukugqoka ngokungafanele (ukuphoqa ulamula ukulahla umbala);
• 6) isitshalo siyagula noma sinegciwane.

Okufanele ukwenze ukwenza izithelo zivele kulamula:

• Nikeza izimo ezifanele zokukhula okuphelele nentuthuko.
• Yondla njalo (entwasahlobo nasehlobo izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga, ekwindla nasebusika - njalo ngenyanga).
• Tshala isitshalo ngendlela efanele (tshala isihlahla esiqinile, lapho amagxolo ahlukaniswe kahle nokhuni). Ngokuhlinzwa, sebenzisa ummese ohlanzekile futhi obukhali kakhulu. Ukufeza ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwamagatsha kanye ne-petioles, indawo yokugoma iboshwe ngokuqinile futhi iboshwe ngokuqinile. Umphumela wahlulelwa ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu.
• Phulukisa izifo bese uqeda izinambuzane.
• Ukwakha umqhele ukuze kuthi lapho iminyaka emithathu ibe namagatsha angama-7 ayinhloko (ngasikhathi sinye, azame ukungafinyezi njalo izeluleko zamagatsha amancanyana, ngoba izimbali zibonakala kuwo).
• Yenza inqubo yokuqinisa amagatsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, adonswa ndawonye ngocingo oluthambile ukugxilisa izinqolobane zezakhi kuzo ngonyaka olandelayo.

Izilokazana Zalamusi Ekhaya

Ulamula, njengezinye izitshalo zasekhaya, uhlaselwa izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene.

Incazelo yezimpawu zokutheleleka kwesicabucabu:

• 1) amachashazi aphuzi avela;
• 2) kuphuzi emaphethelweni amaqabunga,
• 3) amaqabunga afakwa emashubhu,
• 4) i-web spider noma i-spider web izidleke ivela kumacembe amaqabunga.

Spider mite uthando

I-parasite idla ujusi kalamula, omncane kakhulu futhi ongabonakali esweni elinqunu, kepha ulimaza kakhulu. Amakhambi asekhaya nawabantu awasebenzi, awagcini nje ngokubhubhisa inkathazo, kodwa futhi ayayivumela ukuba iphile futhi ikhiqize ngaphandle kokunciphiswa. Ungalwa ne-spider mite kuphela ngezidakamizwa ezinambuzane, ngokwesibonelo, iFitoverm, Aktellik neDemitan.

Izimpawu zomonakalo we-aphid:

• amapuleti amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amasha ayonakalisiwe;
• ukugoqa okunamathelayo kuvela;
• ngemuva kwamaqabunga, amakoloni ezinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza angabonakala (abantu abadala baba mnyama).

Ama-aphid ngokuvamile avela entwasahlobo, enama-proboscis, izinambuzane zincela ujusi kusuka kumaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane. Izimuncagazi zivundile kakhulu: izizukulwane ezingaba ngu-20 zingakhula ngesikhathi.

I-aphid egatsheni lolamula

Ezindlela zabantu, kusebenza kahle ukwelapha lesi sitshalo ngokufakwa kwezinkuni zomlotha oxutshwe nesixazululo esiqinile sososo.

Ukususwa kwemishini kwama-parasites kuletha umphumela wesikhashana, ngemuva kokuba izinambuzane zivuselele inani labo.

Kwamakhemikhali, ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa iFitoverm noma iGolden Spark.

Isigcabha ngesinye sezilokazane ezinzima-ukubulala ezithinta ulamula ngaphakathi. Izimpawu zokubonakala kwezinambuzane ezikalwa esihlahleni:

• ukubonakaliswa kwezindawo ezinombala ophuzi noma obomvu onsundu emaqabungeni;
• ukubukeka kwe-plaque eduze nemithambo yamaqabunga;
• ukwakheka koketshezi okunamathelayo emaqabungeni (kwezinye izimo, izimuncagazi zikhiqiza uketshezi oluningi lolo oluqoqana emaphethelweni amaqabunga);
• ukunyakaza kwabantu abadala emacembe naseziquleni.

Ungenza ukususwa okwenziwe ngegciwane (ukusula amaqabunga ngendwangu efakwe kusisombululo esinoshukela noma utshwala) kuyasebenza, kepha kuthatha isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlale kunengozi yokulahleka kwegciwane lomuntu omdala.

Scalp kumaqabunga

Amakhemikhali asebenza kahle kakhulu ukulawula izikali yi-Aktara ne-Actellik, enomphumela ohlelekile. Azifafazwa nje kuphela emqhele wesitshalo, kodwa futhi ziyaniselwa nakho. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo ngezinambuzane ngokusebenzisa umgudu wokugaya ukudla, hhayi ukuxhumana nje.

Ngakho-ke, ulamula owenziwe ekhaya ulindela inani elikhulu lezifo nezinambuzane. Ezinye izifo zasolamula ezingaphakathi kuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo, ngakho ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ungayishayi mkhuba imithetho yokunakekela isihlahla futhi uvikele ukuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.