Okusajingijolo - I-favorite berry isiko labalimi abaningi. Amajikijolo amnandi ahlonishwa hhayi nje kuphela ukunambitheka okuhle, kodwa futhi adumile ngezindawo zawo ezizuzisayo. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zinemiphumela elwa nokuvuvukala, i-antipyretic, ukwandisa ithoni yomzimba futhi inike amandla, usizo lokulwa nokucindezeleka. Nokho, ukuze uhlakulele ngempumelelo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungamelana kanjani nezinambuzane zokusajingijolo ngokuphumelelayo.
Uyazi? Emzini waseMelika we-Enterprise, isikhumbuzo sakhiwe kwenye yezinambuzane zokusajingijolo nezinye izitshalo - i-beetle ye-weevil. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokubhubhisa wonke ukotini ngo-1915, waphoqa abalimi ukuba batshale izitshalo ezintsha. Kanjalo kwathuthukiswa umnotho ohlukahlukene.
Galliches
I-Shootgall
The okusajingijolo gall gallge (umsila okusajingijolo) kuyinkinga eyingozi kakhulu yalesi sitshalo. Entwasahlobo, izinambuzane zibeka amaqanda abo emigodini yesitshalo. Kusukela kubo izibungu zombala omhlophe zithuthuka. Ukudla, izibungu ziveza izinto ezinobuthi ezibangela ukwakheka kwegalls - ukuvuvukala, futhi amagxolo aqhekeke kakhulu.
Ukukhula kwama-raspberries ngenxa yokulimala kwehla, kuqhuma futhi kuphule lapho kuqhuma umoya oqinile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izibungu ziwela emhlabathini, ziboshwe ngama-cocoons zikhule zibe izinambuzane ezindala. Ngonyaka owodwa ungahamba ngezinyathelo ezintathu zokuthuthukiswa kwezinambuzane.
Ukuze ulwe, kuyadingeka ehlobo, lapho iningi lezibungu zikhona, ukubhubhisa amahlumela aphethwe yigciwane. Kunconywa ukuthi ufeze inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinesisombululo sika-0.15-0.3% se-chlorophos kabili. Isikhathi sokuqala lokhu kwenziwa lapho inhlabathi ishisa kuya ku -13 ° C, ngaphambi kokuhamba kwezinambuzane, futhi - ezinsukwini ezingu-10 emva kokuphalaza kokuqala.
Okusajingijolo stem gallitsa
Indiza encane ngoMeyi noJuni ibeka amaqanda eduze namafihlekile okusajingijolo. Izimpungushe eziqanjwe ziqala ukondla ngotshani lwesitshalo, ziphazamise ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okujwayelekile. Ama-galls akhiwa ezindaweni lapho izibungu ziqoqa khona. Lapho lezi zibonakaliso zivela khona, amagxolo aqhekekile futhi ahlukanise negatsha. Izimpungushe ziyi-pupate ngqo enkongeni futhi umjikelezo uyaqhubeka.
Ukulwa ne-stem gallfly kuma-raspberries kwenzeka ngosizo lwe:
- Ukukhetha okukhethiwe kokutshala impahla, ngaphandle kwempawu zokutheleleka;
- ukubhujiswa ngokuphelele kwawo wonke amagatsha awonakele;
- sishaye ama-raspberries ngamakhemikhali kabili ngonyaka (entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokubeka izinambuzane namaqanda ekwindla, emva kokuvuna nokumba umhlabathi). Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid noma i-emulsion ye-karbofos (0.1-0.2%).
Strawberry okusajingijolo weevil
Lapho kufika ukushisa kokuqala kwentwasahlobo, izibungu ezivuthiwe ziqala ukudla amaqabunga amancane okusajingijolo, kanye nokufika kwefihlekile, i-anthers ezivela ezimbali. Khona-ke lona wesifazane ubeka amaqanda ehlathini, awugqoke, futhi ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwenkathazo kwenzeka endaweni ye-inflorescence ewile.
Uyazi? I-weevil eyodwa yezinsikazi ibeka amaqanda angama-50.
I-larva idla ihlumela, i-pupates futhi ekugcineni iphenduka ibe yizilwane ezindala. Umjikelezo uphindwa. Ukwelashwa nge-strawberry-raspberry weevil kungabonakala ngezimbobo ezincane kumaqabunga amancane okusajingijolo, ukuwa kwefihlekile kanye nokuba khona kwezibungu ngaphakathi kwazo.
Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka lezi zindlela ezilandelayo ukuvikela ama-raspberries kule nkathazo:
- agrotechnical: ukumba noma ekwindla ukulima ngaphansi kwezihlahla;
- umshini: ukubhujiswa kwamaqabunga ewilekile kanye namaqabunga, ukuxubha izinyosi ezivela esitshalweni;
- eziphilayo: ukutshala izitshalo ezinamandla phakathi kwama-raspberry ezihlabayo (ugarlic, u-anyanisi, i-tansy, i-celandine, isinaphi, i-pepper, njll njll);
- amakhemikhali: ukufafaza isitshalo ngaphambi nangemva kokucubungula nge-Fufafon amalungiselelo (15 ml yezinto ezincibilikisiwe ku-5 l amanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-5 l kwesisombululo ngamaminithi angu-10), i-Kemifos (10 ml yokulungiselela ilungiswa ku-10 l amanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-1.5 l yesisombululo 10 m²), i-Alatar (u-5 ml wezidakamizwa uchitheka ngamalitha angu-4 amanzi; ukusetshenziswa - amalitha angu-4 esisombululo ngamaphesenti angu-100).
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka nge-weevil, akukhuthazwa ukutshala ama-raspberries kanye nama-strawberry eduze komunye nomunye.
Amapulangwe
Isibungu se-spider
Le nkathazo ingahlasela ama-raspberries esimweni esomile nesishisayo. Uhlala ngaphansi kwengqimba lamaqabunga bese ebopha ngamacweb. Idla ngesitshalo sesitshalo. Ngenxa yokutheleleka emaqabunga avela amabala amhlophe, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayomile ngokuphelele. Ngokuphawula kuma-raspberries, ungalwela ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukusebenzisa ukutshala okutshalayo kanye nenhlabathi ngaphansi kwazo ezishisayo;
- sishaye isitshalo ngokwemiyalo esebenzisa amalungiselelo afana ne-sulfur colloidal, karbofos, cydial, phosphamide, metaphos. Uma kunesidingo, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuphindwe izikhathi eziningana, nge-interval of days 10.
Kubalulekile! Ama-Raspberries kufanele athelwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa, ngemva kokushona kwelanga, ukugwema ukuqhuma ngokushesha kwamanzi.
I-raspberry mite
Izinambuzane zezilwane ezingaphezu kwe-overwinter ngaphansi kwegobolondo elingenhla lezinso. Phakathi nenkathi yokuqhathanisa, izibungu ziphuma esikhwameni bese ziqala ukondla ngesitshalo sesitshalo. Amaqabunga ngesikhathi esifanayo egoba futhi ekhanyisa, amahlumela akhula kabi.
Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka nokulawula izibungu zokusajingijolo, emva kokutshala nokuvuna, kunconywa ukuba uhlanza isitshalo nge karbofos. Ama-insecticide "Aktellik", "Fufafon", "Iskra M" asetshenzisiwe.
Ubhungane be-raspberry
Ebusika bezinambuzane ekujuleni kwama-5-10 cm emhlabathini. Ngentwasahlobo ukhuphuka phezu kwezimbali zokusajingijolo eziqhakazayo, ubeka amaqanda lapho izibungu zikhula khona, futhi udle amaqabunga. Izimpungushe zibuyela emhlabathini ukuze zifunde futhi ziphenduke izinambuzane ezindala entwasahlobo ezayo. Umjikelezo uphindwa.
Ekulweni ne-beetle okusajingijolo sebenzisa izindlela ezinjalo zokulwa:
- ukumba umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo naphakathi kwemigqa ngenkathi kwakhiwa izidakamizwa zezinambuzane;
- sishaye nge-decis, konfidor, karbofos.
Ukusajingijolo bud ewundu
Kubangela umonakalo okhethekile ezinhlobonhlobo zokusajingijolo zakuqala. Izibhamu zihlala zihlaselwa emanqeni amahlumela noma ngaphansi kwezitshalo emaqabunga awile. Ngentwasahlobo, bahlahlela amahlumela esitshalo bese befunda khona. Izimvemvane ezimnyama ezivela emanzini bese zibeka amaqanda ngezimbali. Ukushaywa izibungu kudla amajikijolo avuthiwe
Ukuze ususe ama-raspberry amahlumela amahlumela, kufanele:
- lapho usika amagatsha endala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho izitshalo ezisele;
- ngokushesha nje lapho izinso ziqala ukuvuvukala, cubungula i-jamu lokusajingijolo ne-Iskra, i-Konfidor, i-Decis noma i-Karbofos.
I-raspberry walnut
Izimpungushe ezinambuzane, ukondla ngesisindo kusuka emahlathini okusajingijolo, kubangelwa ukuqhekeka nokuvuvukala kwamagxolo. Amagatsha abonakalisiwe athwala kabi, aphule futhi asomile. Ihluke kwi-stem gall midges kuphela ngobukhulu bezimpawu, ezingafinyelela ku-10 cm ubude. Sebenzisa izinyathelo zokulawula ezifanayo njengezinambuzane zangaphambilini.
Ukusajingijolo fly stem
LIqanda lezinambuzane liqubuzela izimbobo ezinjenge-spiral ngaphakathi kwesiqu, okubangela ukuphakama kwama-raspberry ukuqala ukubola futhi kuphenduke umnyama, bese kubola. Ekuqaleni kwezimbali, izimpungushe zihamba ebusika, lapho ziphenduka khona izimvemvane, ezibeka amaqanda. Amaqabunga aqothulayo aqala ukuphinda aphange amagatsha avela ngaphakathi.
Endabeni ye-raspberry stem fly, izindlela zokulawula ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa:
- ukumba inhlabathi ekwindla nokuhlanza amaqabunga awile;
- ukucubungula amasiko ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela amancane avela), ngosizo lwe "Karbofos" noma "Aktelliki".
Okusajingijolo ingilazi
Phakathi nehlobo, izimvemvane zibeka amaqanda emhlabathini phansi kwamahlumela okusajingijolo. Amacimbi amhlophe avela kubo aqala ukuluma emagatsheni, ngenxa yokuthi ama-bulges avelaphi. Bakha ama-hibernate futhi baqhube emaceleni esitshalo. Ngonyaka olandelayo, izimpungushe ziphenduka ama-butterflies bese kuqhubeka umjikelezo. I-raspberry egcwele iglasi-ingilazi ngokushesha iphela futhi idle.
Ukuze ungavumeli inkathazo ukuba yande, kubalulekile ukubhubhisa amahlumela abonakaliswe ngokushesha, futhi ukususa amagatsha endala, kungashiyi lutho.
Amaprosesa amaqabunga aphid
Lezi zinambuzane zihlala ngaphansi kwengqamuzana lamaqabunga okusajingijolo emakoloni amancane. Idla uketshezi esitshalweni sesitshalo futhi ikwazi ukubekezelela izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngenxa yokunqotshwa kwama-aphid, ama-raspberries akhula kabi futhi ekugcineni adle. Indlela eyinhloko yokulwa nale nkathazo yindlela yokwelapha "Aktellik" noma "Karbofos" ngenkathi kukhula izinso.
Ukuvimbela izinambuzane
Ngaphambi kokuthola isivuno esihle, kudingekile ukuba uchithe ama-raspberries entwasahlobo ngokumelene nezinambuzane. Kulokhu, kutuswa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zanamuhla. (isibonelo, "Aktellik" noma "Karbofos" efanayo) . Ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali, uma kunesidingo, kuphindwa izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Uma uhlanganisa le nqubo ngokuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ezihlahleni futhi ngesikhathi sokubhubhisa amahlumela abathintekayo, ungaba nokuningi kwamajikijolo. Kuyasiza futhi ukumba umhlabathi emva kokuvuna.
