I-fern ye-Bracken fernen - ibukeka kanjani nokuthi ikhula kanjani

Ama-Ferns ayizitshalo ezindala kakhulu ezinjengesihlahla nesembozo somhlaba kule planethi enguMhlaba, eziye zakwazi ukugcina hhayi ukubukeka nokwakheka kwazo kuphela, kepha futhi nokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane. Bahlala kuwo wonke amagumbi oMhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica, ugwadule. Babekezelela isomiso, umswakama, amazinga okushisa aphakeme futhi aphansi, futhi bayamelana nezinguquko zemvelo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emvelweni yanamuhla ama-ferns awasenamandla emhlabeni wesitshalo, awanaso usayizi omkhulu, ayamangaza ngemvelaphi yawo nobuhle obuyimfihlakalo. Ummeleli wabo othokozisayo ngu-fern Orlyak.

Izinhlobo ze-Fern

UFerns wangena kancane kancane ezimpilweni zabantu, hhayi nje kuphela njengezitshalo zasendle noma ezangaphandle. Zisetshenziswa njengekhaya noma isiko lokuhlobisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazibonakalise ngokwabo emkhakheni wezokwelapha, umuthi wendabuko.

Ngabe u-Orlyak ubukeka kanjani?

Kukhona ubuthi (obunomthelela onobuthi emzimbeni womuntu) kanye nezinhlobo ezidliwayo zamafern.

I-Edible Ferns:

• Matteuccia struthiopteris - Ostrich Evamile. Ifomu le-Vaya lifana netsiba lezintshe, amaqabunga atholakala phezulu kwempande. Kusatshalaliswe enkabeni yeRussia, eTransbaikalia, e-Altai emahlathini aseCommunity, emachibini.
• Osmunda asiatica - Osmund asia. Isitshalo esincane esinezimpawu ezimfishane eziqondile. Kusatshalaliswa endaweni Primorsky Territory.
• I-Pteridim aquilnum - i-Orlyak, i-fern ejwayelekile. Isiko lamaqabunga elikhula lodwa alidali izihlahla. Ihlala cishe yonke insimu yaseRussia emahlathini anobubanzi obukhulu.

I-Ferns enobuthi:

• I-Druopteris - I-thyroid;
• I-Athurium - Wandering Skier.

Ama-rhizomes alezi zinhlobo ze-fern aqukethe izinhlayiya ze-fluroglycine, ubuthi obunamandla.

UFern orlyak

Enye ye-Fern edume kakhulu futhi ebanzi emhlabeni njenge-Orlyak fern - isitshalo esihle esikhanyayo, ingahlobisa noma iliphi ikona engadini, ehlathini noma eduzane nedamu.

Isiko lisetshenziswa emithini yabomdabu - kusetshenziswa isithonjana ukudambisa ukucindezelwa, ukususa ama-radionuclides, ukuqeda umkhuhlane kanye nokuqinisa ithambo. I-decoction yezimpande inomphumela we-anthelmintic, ikhulula ubuhlungu emalungeni, futhi isize ngesifo sohudo.

Incazelo

Izici eziyinhloko zesiko:

• Ngabe ubukeka kanjani uFern Orlyak? I-Orlyak ejwayelekile isitshalo se-herbaceous esidala somndeni wakwaDennstedtiev. Isici esivelelayo ekuchazeni amafeni yi-waiyi, ekhumbuza ukwakheka kwamaphiko okhozi ngamathiphu asontekile ngaphakathi. Imvamisa u-Orlyak ufinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama, kepha ezimweni zezulu ezinhle kakhulu (i-Primorsky Territory) ikhula ngaphezu kwemitha. Uhlelo lwezimpande luthuthukiswe kahle, lubekwe ngokujulile, sibonga lapho isitshalo sikhula ngokushesha, sivumelana nanoma yiziphi izici zezimo zezulu - izimpande zingaholi, asesabi isomiso, imvula ngisho nemililo.

Rachis

• Imila kuphi i-Orlyak fern? Isiko litholakala kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica kanye nogwadule, olusatshalaliswa eRussia: endaweni ephakathi, eSiberia, e-Urals, e-Far East nasePrimorsky Krai. I-Habitat - ama-coniferous (uphayini) nama-deciduous (birch), kanye nemiphetho, ukuphakama, amachibi. Ikhula kahle emadlelweni, emiseleni, emasimini ashiywe. Prefers sandy, inhlabathi ekhanyayo, i-limestone. Kwamanye amazwe, i-fern isakazeka ngesivinini esikhulu kangangokuba ilwa nayo njengokhula.

• Ungakhula kanjani u-Orlyak ekhaya? UFern isitshalo esihle sokuqala esingakwazi ukuhlobisa ekhoneni endlini noma igquma le-alpine engadini. Kuyinto engazikhumbuli, ehambisana nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene, ayinciphisi ukunakekelwa. U-Orlyak uyakwazi ukwanda ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, izinhlamvana, izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu, izinqubo. Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Spore inqubo ende futhi ebuhlungu, ekhaya okunzima ukuyisebenzisa. Inketho enhle yokukhulisa isiko ukusebenzisa ukwahlukanisa isihlahla noma ukutshala amahlumela ngempande. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukuthi i-fern ibukeka kanjani: isiqu, amaqabunga kanye nohlelo lwezimpande. Kumele zikhuthale, ngaphandle kwamabala nokulimazeka.

Ukutshala u-Orlyak ebhodweni, kudingeka ulungiselele i-substrate enesihlabathi, ubeke drainage ka-gravel noma isitini phansi. Entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa endaweni enomthunzi, sivikelwe okusalungiswa. Isihlabathi, umlotha omncane kufanele ufakwe emhlabathini, futhi amatshe amatshe amancane abekwe phansi.

Lapho kuvela izinambuzane (ubukhulu bizinambuzane, ama-whiteflies, ama-thrips), ama-insecticides. Ukunciphisa umqhele akusifanele - ama-pagagoni amadala athathelwa indawo amasha entwasahlobo.

Ungavuna kanjani futhi ugcine kanjani i-fern

U-Orlyak uyi-fern edliwayo. E-Russia, kudliwa okuncane, izitsha ezivela kulesi sitshalo zithathwa njengezingaxakile. Emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi eJapan, ukudla okungajwayelekile kangaka kwabaseYurophu kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, i-appetizer yamaqaba ama-Orlyak isidlo esithandwa kakhulu nesijwayelekile.

Ama-shots we-fern encane - ama-rachis asetshenziswa ekudleni. Zivela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi futhi zifana nomnenke ngokubonakala kwazo - ingaphezulu le-petioles ligoqiwe ngokuvunguza. Amahlumela aqoqwa ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala - isitshalo esivuthiwe sibe yingozi.

Ukuqoqwa

Ekuphekeni, i-rachis ayisetshenziswa ngaphezu kwe-30 cm, zisikwa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha amahlanu ukusuka emhlabathini. Amahlumela ahlelwe ngombala nosayizi, aqondiswe onqenqemeni oluphezulu, abopha, asike ngqo phansi. Iziqu zingagcinwa zintsha zingadluli emahoreni ayi-10 ngemuva kokuqoqwa kwazo, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukuvuna i-rachis ebusika emahoreni angama-2-3 - lokhu kusindisa inani eliphakeme lezinto eziwusizo.

Amaphawuni anosawoti ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni. Ekhaya, ama-ferns avunwa ukomisa, ukuqandisa noma ukhiphe.

Ukomiswa kukaFern

Ukomisa amahlumela kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni kwesitshalo. Kukhethwe amahlumela aminyene futhi amakhulu afinyelela ku-20 cm, aqothulwe emanzini anosawoti imizuzu eminingana, bese edluliselwa ku-colander, egezwa ngamanzi abandayo - lokhu kusiza ekugcineni ukuqina nokuqina kwe-fern.

Billet

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungagayi i-rachis, ngaphandle kwalokho iyoba enganambitheki futhi ihlukaniswe. Lapho amahlumela esepholile, umswakama osele uyakhipha, ungaqala ukoma.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokomisa umsebenzi wokusebenza odingekayo:

• Emoyeni ovulekile. Le nqubo yinde futhi ibuhlungu kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ikamelo elomile elinomoya omncane, beka i-fern ephepheni noma kugridi ekhethekile yemifino yomiswe. Izinsuku ezingama-5-7, amahlumela ngezikhathi ezithile ayaguquka, axove kancane.
• Kwisishisi sikagesi. Indlela yokuthenga. Amahlumela alungiselelwe abekwa endaweni eyomiswa kagesi enesendlalelo esincanyana futhi yomiswe endaweni yokushisa yama-degree angama-50 cishe amahora ayi-6. Kufanele uqaphele - isikhathi sokumisa ngokuyinhloko sincike ngosayizi wezithonjana. Kungcono ukungazomisi kancane kunokuzikhipha bese ulahlekelwe yimiphumela yokusebenza.

Ukomisa

Amaphikisi owomile afakwa ezikhwameni zezindwangu, ezimisiwe futhi zihlala emoyeni omusha ezinye izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze zome ngaphandle ekushiseni kwemvelo kanye nomswakama.

Umqondo obaluleke kakhulu ekuvuneni indlela yokugcina i-fern eyomile. Amahlumela abekwa emaphepheni endwangu noma endwangu futhi ahlala egumbini elimnyama nelomile. Ngomswakama ophezulu, kungcono ukuhambisa ama-pagon esitsheni sengilazi, esivaliwe ngokuqinile. Kulesi simo, umkhiqizo ugcina ikhwalithi yakhe iminyaka emibili.

UFern Frost

Indlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokulungiselela amahlumela ukuthi ngokubukeka nokunambitheka empeleni akuhlukile kumkhiqizo omusha ukukhulula i-ferns:

• Amahlumela akhethwa, agezwe, asikwe abe yizicucu ezikahle.
• blanched emanzini anosawoti, hlala endaweni colander, ugezwe ngamanzi eqhwa.
• ngemuva koketshezi olusuka emahlumela engilazi, lomisiwe ngethawula noma ephepheni, lipholile.
• i-rachis eyenziwe ngomumo idluliselwa kuma-zipper wokudla noma ezitsheni zepulasitiki, ezibekwe efrijini.

Ukubanda

Enye indlela ethokozisayo yokulungiselela u-Orlyak ukukhetha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amahlumela abilisiwe enosawoti abekwa ezitsheni futhi athululelwa nge-marinade ngesoso soya, u-apple cider uviniga, ugalikhi, ushukela nosawoti.

Ukukhetha

Umphumela uba isidlo esimnandi esifana namakhowe akhethwe.

Ukupheka i-fern edliwayo

I-Orlyak isitshalo esinempilo futhi esihlwabusayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni okwenziwa ngasempumalanga. Ukusuka kulo ungapheka amasaladi, amasobho, ukudla okulula, izitshulu nezitsha ezithosiwe. Amahlumela amasha we-fern ahlanganiswe kahle nelayisi, ama-noodle, imifino, inyama kanye nokudla kwasolwandle. IBracken inomphumela omuhle kwinqubo yokugaya, inothile ngamavithamini, ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhalori kuphansi impela - 34 kcal.

Amafutha weFern Fry

Cishe kuzo zonke izindlela zokupheka, ungapheka i-fern entsha, eqandisiwe, eyomile ne enosawoti. Kucatshangelwa kuphela ama-nuances athile: kunconywa ukuhambisa ama-ponts omisiwe amahora amaningi emanzini afudumele, anosawoti - kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlambe kahle.

Ngama-anyanisi

2 u-anyanisi o-2 uthathe izindandatho ezingxenyeni, gazinga emafutheni omifino kuze kube nsundu yegolide, engeza epanini lika-500 g oqoshiwe izingcezu ezincane ezibilisiwe fern, gazinga imizuzu eminingana. Lesi sidlo esilula kodwa esihlwabusayo. Uma ufisa, ungangeza izaqathi, inkathi ngo-ukhilimu omuncu kanye nemayonesi. Uma ugcotshwe ngososo we-soy, uthola i-fern yaseKorea.

Izitsha zikaFern

Ngamazambane

Ama-300 g ezinhlumela ezibilisiwe kufanele zithosiwe kugobolondo crispy, abekwe epuleti. Faka amazambane angama-500 amazambane, uthathe izingcezu ezinde epanini, gazinga kuze kuphekwe. Usawoti, upelepele, uthele i-fern elungiselelwe. Uma ufisa, ungangeza u-anyanisi, ugalikhi. Amazambane athola ukunambitheka okumnandi kwamakhowe.

Nenyama

Inyama inqunywa kube izingcezu ezincane, zifakwe ngosawoti, upelepele, usoso wesoso. I-anyanisi inqunywa emasongweni asigamu, othosiwe emafutheni wemifino, bese isuswa epuleti. Inyama ibekwe epanini, ethosiwe esikhunjeni esimnandi, ilethwe ngokulungela okuyingxenye.

Nenyama

Amahlumela alungiselelwe abekwa enyameni, u-anyanisi uyangezwa. Uma ufisa, ungapheka isidlo ngo-ukhilimu omuncu noma ngo-soya wesoso, engeza u-sesame.

Uma i-fern imunyu

Ehlelweni lokulungiselela i-rachis, ungahlangabezana nenkinga ejwayelekile - i-fern iyakhathazeka, ishintsha ngokunambitheka kwesitsha. Kulula kanjani ukususa ukudabuka ku-fern? Ilula kakhulu: cwilisa amahlumela amahora amaningi emanzini anosawoti, shintsha amanzi amahlandla ambalwa.

Ngemuva kwalokho hlambulula kahle amaphikseli bese uwabilisa imizuzu engama-6- 9 ngokufakwa kukasawoti. Amahlumela anjalo alungele ukusetshenziswa noma okunye ukuvuna nokugcina.

UFern Orlyak akasona nje isitshalo esihle. Ingatshalwa ekhaya, uyihlobise ngegquma le-alpine noma ekhoneni engadini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko libalulekile ngezakhiwo zalo ezizuzisayo futhi lusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha. I-Orlyak iyi-fern edliwayo; kulungiswa izitsha ezimnandi kuyo, kuthosiwe, kuthwetshulwe bese kuvunelwa ubusika.