Isixazululo sama-apidi: yiziphi amakhemikhali asebenzayo ekulwa nalo?

Ukukhulisa imifino, amajikijolo nezithelo endaweni yakhe yezwe, umuntu uphoqeleka ukuwavikela njalo emiphumeleni yezinkukhu nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Wonke umuntu uyazi kahle inkathazo encane emnyama noma eluhlaza.okwenza umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa kuzo zonke izitshalo ezitshalwayo. Lena yi-aphid.

Ezweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-4 zezinhlobo ze-aphid. Ngenxa yeqiniso lokuthi i-aphid ibekezelela zonke izimo zezulu futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, namuhla izidakamizwa ezivela kuma-aphid zizosiza ukulibhubhisa ngokuphelele.

Okuqukethwe:

Amalungiselelo eziphilayo
Izindlela eziphumelelayo
Amathuluzi amahle kakhulu
Ama-insecticide
I-Fitoderm
Trichopol
Actofit
I-Jaguar
Fufanon
Umcibisholo
Isiphetho

Ulwazi jikelele

Ama-aphid aid, lezi yizinto zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane.ezisetshenziselwa ukubonakala kwazo ezitshalweni.

Udinga ukuwasebenzisa kuphela esitokisini esikhethekile nemaski, ukuvimbela ukungena kwamaphunga alo mzimba emzimbeni.

Kungenjalo, izidakamizwa zokulwa nama-aphid. kungabangela ubuthi, ukuphahlazeka kwesikhumba neminye imiphumela emibi.

Ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali akuvumela ukuba ulwe nama-aphid, kudingeka ufunde ngokucophelela imiyalelo ekusebenziseni kwabo, ngoba ngokunyuka kwesosi evumelekile, bangabangela ukufa kwezinambuzane ezizuzisayo.

Kuthathwa imifino kanye nemithi ngamakhemikhali, qala ukwenza ngokushesha, okubangela ukufa okungenakugwemeka kwama-aphid. Ukuze kungabangela ukulutha kwezidakamizwa kolunye uhlobo lwezidakamizwa nokwandisa ukusebenza kwalo, sidinga ukuyifaka ngezinye izindlelangezenzo ezifanayo zokuzivikela.

Izimila zivunyelwe ukuzicubungula ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume noma emva kokuqhakaza (ngaphambi kokuvela kwezithelo). Izinto eziyingozi zikhishwa emvelweni Amaviki angu-3-5 kamuva. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kuvunyelwe ngokuqinile ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezitshalisiwe.

Wide esetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-aphid ngendlela enjalo yokubhekana nama-aphidnjenge-Spark, i-Intavir, i-Tanrek evela kuma-aphid nama-whiteflies, i-Aktara ngokumelene ne-aphid, i-Karbofos, i-Commander, i-Actofit ngokumelene nama-aphid nabanye abaningi.

Amalungiselelo eziphilayo

Lolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa luhamba kancane kakhulu kunamakhemikhali. I-Aphid, idla isitshalo esinjalo esifuthiwe, ufa ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-12. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amalungiselelo wezinto eziphilayo azikwazi ukulimaza izinyosi nezinhlanzi.

Lezi zinsiza ze-aphid ziphephe kakhulu kunamakhemikhali. Zingasetshenziswa esikhathini lapho izitshalo ezindala sezivele zinezithelo. Bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa kokudla emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5.

Izindlela eziphumelelayo

Ngaphezu kwamalungiselelo amakhemikhali nama-biological., ephumelela kakhulu futhi engenabungozi emzimbeni womuntu kanye nezitshalo yizindlela zokubhekana nama-aphid, asungulwe ngabantu.

Kungenziwa kuphekwe ngendlela ekhethekile. chamomile, dandelion, celandine, izixazululo zikagwayi, ama-citrus peels, ama-tomato phezulu kanye nezinye izitshalo eziningi.

Futhi ungakhohlwa ngezinyoni, ama-hedgehogs, izilonda, ama-ladybugs nezinye izinambuzane ezisiza ekulwa nama-aphid. Yingakho uma unenkinga yakho endaweni yakho, ungadlulisi abasizi abashisekayo ensimini, okungekho kuphela okulimazayo, kodwa futhi uzohlanza zonke izithombo zakho nezithombo zakho.

Amathuluzi amahle kakhulu

Ephumelela kakhulu empini yokulwa nama-aphid yiqiniso, amakhemikhali. Nokho, ezimweni lapho abantu bengathandi ukusebenzisa i-aphid chemistry, ungakwazi ukutshala kahle ingadi yemifino kanti ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zizokwesaba ama-aphid ngokwawo, ngaleyo ndlela besebenzisa izindlela zendabuko zokulwa.

Lapha sikhuluma ngo-anyanisi, i-garlic, i-chamomile, i-calendula, i-lavender ne-thyme. Iphunga elimfihlo lalezi zitshalo livimbela izinambuzane futhi ungawuvumeli ukuba wande ezitshalweni ezitshalwe.

Ama-insecticide

Ama-insecticide ngokumelene nama-aphid, lawa yizidakamizwa ezinomakhemikhali. Bakhulu ngokulwa nama-aphid, amaqanda ayo nezibungu.

Ngokuya komphumela walezi zidakamizwa emzimbeni wezinambuzane, zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana:

oxhumana naye - thinta wonke umzimba wezinambuzane;
emathunjini - ukungena emathunjini wezinambuzane, okwenzela ubuthi;
uhlelo - kubangela ukufa okungenakugwenywa kwama-aphid uma bengena emzimbeni;
fumigants - udlulise umzila wokuphefumula futhi ubangele ubuthi obubulala izinambuzane.

Namuhla kuzobhekwa njengezidakamizwa eziphumelela kakhulu futhi ezingcono kakhulu ezizosiza ukuqeda ama-aphid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, funda isihloko esithi "Amakhemikhali amahle kakhulu okulwa nama-aphid ingxenye 1 nengxenye 2".

I-Fitoderm

Leli remedy for aphid lingokwamalungiselelo eziphilayo. Ubuthi obuvela kuma-aphid, kuthinta inqwaba yezinambuzane. Kungasetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezitshalo zamasiko ensimini nasendlini yokushisa. Futhi akuvunyelwe ukufuthola izitshalo zangaphakathi.

Yini eyenziwa? Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathenga lesi sidakamizwa nge-glass ampoules ka-2 ml, 4 ml no-5 ml, kanye namabhodlela angu-20 ml.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. Ingxenye esemqoka yalesi sidakamizwa i-aversectin C. Inani laso ku-1 litre lomuthi li-2 grams kuphela.
Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa. Ngokushesha lo mkhiqizo wezinto eziphilayo awusebenzi. Ukudla isitshalo esihlungiwe, emva kwamahora ambalwa ama-aphid ayehamba futhi efa ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5.
Ubude besenzo. I-Fitoverm ayilahlekelwa imisebenzi yayo kusukela ngesonto ukuya emavikini amathathu. Imvula enkulu namazolo kunciphisa umphumela we-agent.
Ukuhambisana. Ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele nama-pyrethroid nezinye izidakamizwa ezihloswe ekubhujisweni kwezinambuzane ezinobungozi kanye nezifo ezitholakalayo. Kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlanganisa imikhiqizo ye-alkaline ne-Fitoverm. Ukuze ubone ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuhlanganisa amathuluzi ambalwa komunye nomunye, udinga ukuvivinya. Uma ukuphuma kuvela ngenxa yokuxuba, inhlanganisela enjalo ivinjelwe.
Nini okufanele usebenzise? Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esomile (ngakho-ke akukho moya). Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Inqubo iqala lapho ama-aphid noma ezinye izinambuzane zivela ezitshalweni. Isikhathi sokugcina ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe okungenani izinsuku ezingu-5 ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Ukudla izithelo eziphathwe kahle nje zesitshalo kungabangela ubuthi.
Akunqatshelwe ukuba kwenziwe ukucubungula ngesikhathi sezimbali, ngoba lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi izinyosi zife.
Indlela yokulungisa isisombululo? Ukuze ususe ama-aphid, udinga ukulungisa uketshezi osebenzayo kusuka ku-600 ml wamanzi ahlanzekile ne-ampoule (5 ml ivolumu) yalolu lungiselelo. Izinga lokusetshenziswa liyi-10 amalitha omuthi ngamunye ngamamitha angu-100 wendawo etshalwe.
Indlela yokusebenzisa. Amaqabunga nezithelo zezitshalo ngokushesha baphathwa kahle ngesisombululo esilungisiwe. Umsebenzi wenziwa nge-suit evikelayo kanye nephefumula. Qinisekisa ukuthi udinga okungenani izikhathi ezingu-2 ukuze uphinde uphefa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-20.
Ubuthi. I-Phytoverm ingokwesigaba sesithathu sobuthakathaka. Ukusebenzisa kahle izidakamizwa akunakulimaza umuntu.

Leli khambi liyingozi ikakhulukazi izinyosi nezinhlanzi.

Kungabangela ubuthi kubantu.uma imifino noma izithelo ezidutshulwa zidliwa ngokushesha emva kokufuthola, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi izidakamizwa zisuswe ngokuphelele kubo.

Trichopol

I-Trichopolus evela kuma-aphid ngamaphilisi asetshenziswa ekwenzeni ukwelapha ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa amagciwane e-protozoa. Futhi ngezinga elifanele likwazi ukuvikela ukhukhamba notamatisi kusuka kuma-aphid.

Yini eyenziwa? Yenziwa ngendlela yamathebulethi. Ebhokisini elilodwa lebhodibhodi kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-blisters, ngalinye eliqukethe amaphilisi ayishumi e-Trihopol.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. Ithebhulethi eli-1 liqukethe ama-250 g we-metronidazole. Izingxenye ezengeziwe zihlanganisa isitashi isitashi, isitashi sezambane, i-gelatin, i-magnesium stearate.
Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa. Umthelela omubi emzimbeni wama-aphid, okubangela ukukhubazeka nezinkinga ngesistimu yenhliziyo.
Ubude besenzo. Isenzo siphelela ngaphambi kokuqala kwemvula yokuqala. Ngemva kokuba imvula isiphelile, inqubo yokupuniza ivumelekile ukuphinda.
Ukuhambisana. Ingahlanganiswa nanoma yiziphi izidakamizwa ezithi, emva kokuxubana ne-Trichopolum, ngeke zifinyelele.
Nini okufanele usebenzise? Faka isicelo sokuqala emasimini e-aphid. Ungaphinda ubambe inqubo okungenani nsuku zonke (uma kwenzeka imvula emva kokupunika kokuqala futhi isidakamizwa asinaso isikhathi sokwenza).
Indlela yokulungisa isisombululo? Amathebulethi angu-20 alo muthi aqedwa ngokuphelele ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi futhi awafiphala izitshalo. Akuvunyelwe ukuqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula, ngoba lesi sidakamizwa asisho lutho olulimazayo izinyosi nezinhlanzi.
Indlela yokusebenzisa. Isixazululo esilungisiwe sitshalwe ngokucophelela izithombo. Kule ndaba, umsebenzi ungenziwa ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvikela, ngoba akulimazi umzimba.
Ubuthi. Akusizi ngalutho kubantu, ngoba lisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Actofit

Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela izitshalo ezivela kuma-aphid nezinye izinambuzane. Inemvelaphi yemvelo. Iyakwazi ukubhubhisa izinambuzane njengensimu, nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo.

Yini eyenziwa? Ikhiqizwe ngamabhodlela ka 200 ml no 40 ml, kanye namathini wamaplastiki, umthamo owu-900 ml no-4.8 l. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sidakamizwa singathengwa esikhwameni esithambile se-40 ml.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. Ingxenye enkulu i-aversectin C - 0.2% (i-neurotoxin yemvelo)
Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa. Impendulo ephumelelayo ukuthi, emva kokufinyelela emzimbeni wezinambuzane noma ngokuqondile emzimbeni wayo, ibangela ukukhubazeka (amahora angu-8 ngemva kokudla isitshalo esihlungiwe) futhi iholela ekufeni okungenakugwemeka kwezinambuzane (emva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3).
Ubude besenzo. Awulahlekelwa imisebenzi yayo yokuvikela ngaphakathi kwamasonto amabili.
Ukuhambisana. I-Actophyte ingahlanganiswa nama-fertilizer, izilawuli zokukhula, i-fungicides, i-organophosphates, ne-pyrethroids.
Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa i-agent ehlaziyekile ngezidakamizwa ezine-alkaline reaction.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuhambisana kwe-Actophyte ngezinye izindlela, udinga ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa. Ngokubonakala kwesidumbu - azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa.
Nini okufanele usebenzise? Impumelelo enkulu ekusetshenzisweni kwalesi thuluzi kuyoba lapho kwenzeka ukucubungula kwezitshalo zezolimo nezithelo zezithelo ezisesimo sezulu esishisayo, ngaphandle kwemimoya. Ukushisa kwomoya kufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-degrees angu-20.
Ngeke isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sezimbali, ngoba i-Actofit iyathinta kakhulu izinyosi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-degrees angu-18, umphumela womuthi wancipha kakhulu.
Isici esihle salolu thuluzi ukuthi akulona umlutha wezilokazane, ngakho-ke singasetshenziswa njalo ngonyaka.
Indlela yokulungisa isisombululo? I-8 ml yokulungiselela ilengeziwe emanzini ahlanzekile (1 l) kanti izingxenye ezimbili zihlanganiswe ngokuphelele.
Indlela yokusebenzisa. Isixazululo esiphelele sithelelwa kumsilafaza futhi sibaphatha ngezitshalo. Isitoreji se-fluid esebenzayo ayikho into. Ngemuva kokuphalaza kokugcina, okungenani izinsuku ezimbili kufanele zidlule ngaphambi kokuvuna. Ukuze ekugcineni ubhubhise ama-aphid, kudingeka usebenzise i-Actofit ngokumelene naye izikhathi ezingu-2 phakathi nonyaka owodwa (mhlawumbe ngekhefu lamasonto amabili).
Ubuthi. Kungenxa yekilasi le-3 lobudakamizwa, ngakho-ke alumeli umonakalo kumuntu. Kodwa-ke, ukucubungula izitshalo kuyadingeka kuphela kumagilavu enjoloba kanye nokuphefumula, ukuze kungabikho ukuqhuma kwesifo somzimba.

Ingozi yezinyosi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akungcolisi imvelo futhi ihlakazeka masinyane emanzini.

I-Jaguar

I-jaguar yezidakamizwa kusuka kuma-aphid bakwazi ukulwa nokhula kanye nama-aphidevamile okusanhlamvu.

Yini eyenziwa? Ungathenga lesi sidakamizwa epulasitiki yepulasitiki, okungenani ama-5 amalitha.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. Ingxenye eyinhloko i-fenoxaprop -P-ethyl (inani laso ku-1 litre lomuthi yi-69 amagremu) kanye ne-klocwintoset-mexyl ye-antidote (ivolumu yayo ku-1 ilitha lomuthi yi-34.5 amagremu).
Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa. Cishe ngokushesha (emva kwamahora angu-1-3) ngemva kokucubungulwa yiJaguar yezitshalo, umuthi uqala ukufakwa kuwo wonke amahlumela nezimpande zawo. Ngakho, ithuluzi linomphumela omubi kuma-aphid.
Ubude besenzo. Izakhiwo zokuzivikela zigcina ngaphakathi kwamasonto 3-4.
Ukuhambisana. I-Jaguar ihlangene nezidakamizwa eziningi, kodwa, ukugwema ukusabela okungalindelekile, kumele uqale wenze ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana. Lapho kuvela ukukhanya, akuvunyelwe ukuhlanganisa imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo komunye nomunye.
Nini okufanele usebenzise? Inqubo yokwelapha yenziwa ekushiseni okungadingeki kudlule ama-degree angu-25. Umoya kumele uthule noma ungabikho ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukufeza okungenani amahora amathathu ngaphambi kwemvula.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwama-degree angu-12, ukusebenza kahle kwethebula kuzoncishiswa kakhulu.

Indlela yokulungisa isisombululo? Ingaphansi kwesigamu sayo yonke ithangi yamanzi ithululelwa ku-tank spray. Ngokwemiyalelo, uthele ngesilinganiso esifanele salesi sidakamizwa bese uhlanganise konke ngokugcwele. Bese ungeza amanzi kuze kube yilapho umshini wokufafaza ugcwele ngokuphelele. Inani lokusetshenziswa lilinganiselwa ku-150 amalitha ngalinye ngehektare elilodwa.
Indlela yokusebenzisa. Isixazululo esilungisiwe sisetshenziswa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokushiya ngosuku olulandelayo. Ukuqhutshwa ngokucophelela kwezitshalo kwenziwa nge-sprayer.
Ubuthi. Ubungcweti ekilasini lesithathu lobudakamizwa. Kudingekile ukuthi kuqhutshwe ukucubungula izitshalo ku-suit ekhethekile yokuzivikela, amagilavu kanye nokuphefumula.

Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa leli thuluzi eduze kwemizimba yamanzi, ngoba iJaguar ithinta kabi inhlanzi.

Akuyingozi ezinyosi.

Fufanon

I-Fuphanone remedy remedy, isidakamizwa ukuthi ulwa ama-aphid nezinye izinambuzane kahlekuthinta kakhulu izitshalo ezilimisiwe. Kungokwemikhiqizo ye-organophosphate.

Yini eyenziwa? I-Fufanon yi-emulsion egxilile yombala obala. Ikhiqizwa ku-5 ml amabhodlela amabala angenalutho namabhodlela amancane ayi-10 ml.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. I-Malathion ibhekwa njengengxenye enkulu. Isamba sawo ku-1 litre yezimali ngu-570 amagremu.
Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa. Ukuthola izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe, le nto isheshe igxile emigqumeni, ihlumela kanye nezimpande. Ngemuva kwamahora amabili kubangela ukukhubazeka kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula ezinambuzane. Kungakapheli amahora angu-24 kuholela ekufeni kwabo.
Ubude besenzo. Akulahlekelwa imisebenzi yayo yokuvikela izinsuku ezingu-4-7.
Ukuhambisana. Kuvinjelwe ngokuqinile ukuhlanganisa nezinye izindlela zokuzivikela ezinambuzane.
Nini okufanele usebenzise? Imifino, izimbali, izihlahla zezithelo kanye okusanhlamvu kusetshenziselwa isimo sezulu esibhakabhakeni, ngaphandle kwemimoya. Kungcono ukwenza lo msebenzi ekuseni noma kusihlwa.

Kuvinjelwe ukuba kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ngoba izidakamizwa zinobuthi obubi kakhulu ezinyosi.

Indlela yokulungisa isisombululo? Thela i-vial eyodwa yomuthi ku-5 ml emanzini ahlanzekile (ubuningi bayo kufanele kube yi-5 amalitha). Izinga lokusetshenziswa liyi-1 litre lesixazululo esilungisiwe nge-10 m2.
Indlela yokusebenzisa. Umshini osebenzayo ophelile uthululwa ku-sprayer kanti izitshalo ziphathwa ngazo ngesikhathi lapho ama-aphid avela kubo. Ukufaka isicelo kwizitshalo kudinga isixazululo ukuze singadli phansi. Ukudla imifino esetshenzisiwe ngokushesha emva kokuwafiphaza nge-Fufanon kungaholela ekufakeni ubuthi.
Ubuthi. Unesigaba sesi-3 sobuthakathaka, ngakho-ke asikwazi ukulimaza umuntu. Ukucubungula kwenziwa kuphela ekuphefumulweni noma nge-bandze bandage, kanye namagilavu enjoloba. Isikhathi sokupunika akufanele sidlule amahora amathathu.

Isidakamizwa sisusiwe ngokuphelele emifinini nasezithelo zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-20.

Ukuphindaphinda kwandisa ingozi yokudoba nezinyosi.. Ungavumeli i-substance ukuthi ingene emifuleni nakwezinye izidumbu zamanzi.

Umcibisholo

Ukuphuza izidakamizwa kusuka ku-aphid okuhlosiwe ukubulala ama-aphid nezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi. Kungokwemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo. Kufanelekile ukucubungula izitshalo ensimini nasezimo zokushisa. Ukukhipha ama-aphid kumatamatisi, kunesidlo esengeziwe.

Yini eyenziwa? Itholakale emasakeni amancane, 50 g ngamunye.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. Ingxenye enkulu yalesi sidakamizwa yi-bitoxibacillin.
Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa. Ngokushesha kufakwe emaqabunga ezitshalo, esebenza kuwo wonke amahlumela nezimpande. Ubhubhisa izinambuzane zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili emva kokwelashwa.
Ubude besenzo. Awulahlekelwa imisebenzi yayo yokuvikela ngaphakathi kwamasonto amabili.
Ukuhambisana. Ingahlanganiswa nezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene. Uma ngemuva kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana emanzini kuvela isikhala, lezi zakhi azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa omunye nomunye.
Nini okufanele usebenzise? Isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe-aphid ezitshalweni. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ekuseni noma kusihlwa esimweni sezulu esifudumele kungekho moya nhlobo.
Indlela yokulungisa isisombululo? Okuqukethwe kwephakheji elilodwa (50 g) kuthululwa emanzini (10 l) futhi kuxutshwe ngokuphelele.
Indlela yokusebenzisa. Uketshezi oluqediwe luthululelwa ku-sprayer kanye namaqabunga tamatamatisi, ukhukhamba nezinye izitshalo ezitshalwayo ziphathwa ngazo.
Ubuthi. Ubungcweti ekilasini lesithathu lobudakamizwa.Ukusetshenziselwa kwalezi zitshalo zezidakamizwa kufanele kwenziwe ngeglavu yegabha yegubhi kanye nezinkuni. Ngenxa yokuthi yizinto ezinobungozi bemvelo, akusho neze ingozi ezinyosi nasezinhlanzi.