IClematis isitshalo esithandwayo sokukhuphuka phakathi kwabalimi. Uhlaza oluhlaza ocebile, ama-inflorescence aqhakazile nenkathi yezimbali ende ngeke kushiye muntu ukuthi anganakwa. Lo mbhalo usho ukuthi ungasikhulisa kanjani isitshalo esifanayo engadini ekotishi, sinikeza izeluleko nezeluleko ngokunakekelwa.
Incazelo yezimbali
UClematis ungowomndeni waseLyutikov futhi umuthi ongapheli. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, kubukeka njengomvini okhuphukayo, shrub noma shrub. E-Russia, lesi sitshalo sibizwa ngokuthi isikhulu, i-clematis ne-lozinka. Igama lesayensi elithi "Clematis" ngesiGreek lisho "igatsha noma ihlumela lamagilebhisi," likwenza kucace ukuthi isitshalo esinjalo sibukeka kanjani.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-clematis kungenzeka zombili ngezindlela zezinhlamvu nezitshalo. Indlela yembewu ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: imbewu yokutshala nezinhlamvu ezikhulayo.
Clematis
Isikhathi sokutshala sincike endaweni yesifunda yendawo. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu ezinobusika obufushane nobushisayo, imbewu itshalwa ekwindla. Ezindaweni ezinamaqabunga amancane, i-clematis ehlumile imbozwa ubusika ngesendlalelo se-humus, bese kuba yiqhwa.
Ngemininingwane! Ukutshala i-clematis ngembewu enhlabathini efudumele kuya ku-15 ° C kuyenziwa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
Ungayqoqa kanjani futhi uyigcine kanjani imbewu ye-clematis
Ngaphambi kokuthi ukhule i-clematis kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ukuya kwizithombo, udinga ukuthola imbewu. Imbewu yeClematis ithengwa esitolo esikhethekile noma eqoqwe ekhaya. Kwisitshalo sezimbali, kubalulekile ukuqoqa ama-inflorescence lapho inhloko yembewu ithole i-tint brownish nembewu ibonakala kuyo. Izimpawu ezinjalo zangaphandle zibonisa ukuthi zivuthwe futhi zomile.
Izimbali ezivuthiwe zeClematis
Imbewu evuniwe igcinwa egumbini elomile ngaphandle kokuthola ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukugwema ukubola, imbewu igoqwa ephepheni noma ibekwe ungqimba olunqenqemeni lwamapulangwe. Kunconywa ukugcina imbewu evuthiwe futhi eyomile izinyanga ezingaba ngu-48, ezinye izinhlobo zincane.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu esisanda kuvunwa imila ngokushesha okukhulu kunozakwabo, ebigcinwe izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-12.
Ubukhulu bembewu ye-clematis buthinta isikhathi sokutshala nesikhathi sokuhluma. Amancanyana athathwa njengamamitha ayi-3.1-5.1 mm ubude kanye ne-1.6-3.2 mm ububanzi; atshalwa kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ku-Ephreli, okuyi-4.8-6 mm ubude kanye no-3,4-5.5 mm. ububanzi - engxenyeni yokuqala kaJanuwari, amakhulu ayi-6.5-12.5 mm ubude nama-5-10 mm ububanzi - ezinyangeni zasekwindla.
Imbewu yeClematis
Uwoya, ukusabalala, ama-clematis aseDuran, amaPitcher nezinye izinhlobo eziningana zivuthwa ngembewu enkulu, evele ngokungafani kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Abamele iManchu, enezinhlama ezigcwele, eziyisithupha kanye ne-clematis abavela eChina bahlukene ngembewu ephakathi nendawo futhi imila kungakapheli inyanga noma izinyanga eziyisithupha. Imbewu encane yezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-clematis iqhuma ngasikhathi sinye amasonto amabili kuya kwayi-17.
Nakani! Ubukhulu bembewu abuhlangene nhlobo nosayizi wesitshalo nama-inflorescence awo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Okunye ukufaka ama-clematis, ngaphandle kwenkathi ende yokuhluma kwembewu, ukuhambisana nemibandela efana nokuqunjelwa inzalo. Amabhokisi noma izinkomishi zezithombo zezithombo ziphathwa ngempela ngesisombululo se-magciwane, inhlabathi yokutshala nayo iyenziwa inzalo, amanzi okunisela abilisiwe futhi apholile. Wonke lawa malungiselelo akhulisa amathuba wokuhluma kweembewu ezinempilo.
Ingxube yesihlabathi ne-chernozem ngokulingana kwe-1: 2 kuthululelwa ezingilazini eziqhutshwa yisibulala magciwane cishe ikota ezintathu. Imbewu yeClematis isakazeka engxenyeni enamanzi ngokucophelela, embozwe ungqimba lwe-1-2 cm ka-chernozem noma ngesihlabathi somfula. Ukujula okunjalo kwembewu kulungile, okuzovumela ukuba kumila ngesikhathi.
Ingqimba ephezulu kufanele futhi iniselwe ngokulinganayo. Lapho-ke umbhede wembewu umbozwa ngendebe yengilazi, ezogcina umswakama odingekayo kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuhluma.
Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganayo futhi kuvame. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo inconywa ukuba yenziwe ngamaphayile lapho kuthululelwa khona amanzi, noma kusetshenziswa isibani senjoloba ukuze imbewu ingagezwa inhlabathi. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama osezingeni eliphezulu, inkomishi yengilazi iyahlanzwa nsuku zonke amahora ambalwa.
Kubalulekile! Izilimo zasebusika zigcinwa efasiteleni, entwasahlobo noma ehlobo - zingashiywa emgwaqweni. Izinga lokushisa elilungele ukuhluma kwembewu lingama-26-30 ° C.
Imbewu enkulu idinga i-stratation izinyanga eziningi eshalofini elingaphansi kwesiqandisi ekushiseni okuhle kuka-4-6 ° C. Imbewu encane itshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini noma ku-greenhouse.
Izithombo zeClematis
Ngemuva kokuthi lesi sitshalo sesihlume futhi sathola amabanga amabili amaqabunga (amaqabunga amabili okuqala abizwa ngokuthi ama-cotyledons, amabili alandelayo vele angamaqabunga angokoqobo), izithombo ze-clematis zitshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa, amabhodwe amakhulu noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukutshala kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuba ukusongelwa kwesithwathwa sasebusuku kuncishisiwe.
Nakani! Ukuze i-clematis ihlale kahle emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo kufanele zenziwe lukhuni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amabhokisi anemivini yesikhathi esizayo akhishwa nsuku zonke amahora ama-3-4 amasonto ama-1-2.
Ungatshala kanjani izithombo ze-clematis emhlabathini ovulekile
Imbewu ihlume, izithombo zinamandla, manje usungasitshala isitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile. Indawo engaphansi kwe-liana ikhethiwe ngokuya ngamapharamitha alandelayo:
- inani lokukhanya kwelanga;
- izici zomhlabathi;
- ukuvikela komoya;
- amandla okufaka okusekelwa.
Ukutshala kweClematis
Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-clematis, kufaka phakathi i-Clematis Helios, zithanda izindawo ezinelanga ezivulekile. Emthunzini, izitshalo ziya ziluhlaza ngesilinganiso esincane sezimbali. Ngokungafani nohlaza, uhlelo lwempande ludinga isithunzi, esakhiwa lapho kutshalwa izitshalo ezikhula kancane ezimpandeni ze-clematis.
Imivini yama-perennial iyanconywa ukuba ikhule emhlabathini ovundile omncane we-alkaline. Inhlabathi evulekile efana ne-loam ne-sandy loam nayo iyindlela engcono yokutshala izitshalo ngenxa yokudonsa kwemvelo.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala ezindaweni eziseduze kwe-runoff noma ngaphansi komhlaba kukhungathekile, ngoba umswakama owengeziwe uyingozi kwi-clematis.
Imivini itshalwe ibanga le-0,5 m ukusuka ekusekelweni okuzayo, ngokwesibonelo, izindonga zendlu ohlangothini olusempumalanga noma olusentshonalanga, ukuhlinzeka ngemibandela yokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande.
Endaweni ekhethiwe, izithombo zezithombo noma izithombo ezisikwe ngaphambi kokuba zikhule zitshalelwe kude nge-1.5-2 m ukusuka komunye nomunye ukuze zinikeze endaweni yesikhathi samahhala okungenani se-0,7 m phakathi kwezitshalo ezindala. Okufanayo kusebenza ekutshaleni i-clematis eduze kwezihlahla nezihlahla - okungenani ama-2 m. Uma ama-clematis ezotshalwa emasimini aminyene wezinye izitshalo, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa ukudana ngaphansi kohlelo lwezimpande ngezinto zophahla.
Ukunakekelwa nokondla
Kunconywe ukuthi imifula yensizwa iniselwe izikhathi ezimbili ngeviki kusihlwa ngamanzi, inisele ngokulinganayo ezungeze isitshalo, abantu abadala abavamile. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele uthele amanzi ngaphansi kwempande ye-clematis, njengoba kunethuba lomonakalo kuwo. Ukuvula kabusha inqubo yokuphoqelela ngemuva kokunisela. Ukuhlanganisa nge-sawdust noma i-moss kugwema ukushisa ngokweqile kwezimpande futhi kugcina umswakama owudingayo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Uma lesi sitshalo sikhula kancane, kepha siqhakaza futhi sincane, ungasondla. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa i-greenery, kunconywa i-nitrogen top dress. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlamvu okuqala, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngomanyolo we potassium ne phosphorus. Ekwindla, kuthandwa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-superphosphate ku granules.
Nakani! Inani lokufaka umanyolo lilawulwa ngokuqinile futhi libalwa ngokwemiyalelo, umanyolo owedlulele ungaholela ekufeni kwe-clematis.
Izinhlobo eziningana ze-clematis
Etshalwe ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izimo, i-clematis iba umhlobiso wanoma iyiphi ingadi iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Amajikijolo wejusi wama-creepers azonikeza umthunzi ngosuku olushisayo, futhi izimbali eziqhakazile ziyojabulisa iso kuyo yonke inkathi efudumele. Futhi amandla esitshalo ukuthi angavukelwa kwezinye izinhlobo kuzokwenza sikwazi ukuguqula indawo ngesikhala esisodwa esincane.
