Sitshala amagilebhisi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo: ukuthi ungayenza kanjani inqubo kahle

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuqala ukusebenza kwengadi. Ngasikhathi sinye, isikhathi sokutshala amagilebhisi. Ukukhetha indawo, ukulungiselela umgodi, ukuyitshala ngakwesokudla kuyinkinga enkulu. Kepha konke akuyona inkimbinkimbi njengoba kubonakala ekuqaleni. Into esemqoka ukwazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani.

Ilungiselela ukutshala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo

Umuntu angasho ngamagilebhisi jikelele: yize kuyiqiniso ukuthi yisitshalo samazwe afudumele, izithombo zezinye zezinhlobo zazo zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zesimo sezulu lapho ngisho nezinhlobo ezilula zezihlahla zethu ze-apula zingakwazi ukukhula ngempumelelo ...

I-I.V. I-Michurin

Impela wonke umlimi okungenani wake wacabanga ngokuzalanisa amagilebhisi endaweni yakhe. Futhi abanye bayihlakulele ngempumelelo isikhathi eside. Ukulima amagilebhisi kuhlale kuqala ngokulungiselela indawo yawo.

Ukuzikhethela kosuku nendawo

Entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingawi ngaphansi + 10 ... +15^mayelanaNgokudlula nokusongela kwesithwathwa, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuqala ukutshala amagilebhisi.

Kunenkolelo yokuthi amagilebhisi angatshalwa lapho ama-cherry aqhakaza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umhlaba usufudumele.

Njengoba cishe isimo esiyisisekelo sokukhula kwamagilebhisi kungumhlabathi ofudumele, kuyadingeka ukuwufudumeza. Lokhu, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo:

1. Umhlaba uniselwa ngamanzi ashisayo ekushiseni kwe- + 50 ... +70^mayelanaC.
2. Yimboze ngefilimu emnyama.
3. Bafaka izikrini ezikhanyayo.

Amagilebhisi athanda izindawo ezingenamikhawulo, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi uhlele imigqa yesiko kusuka enyakatho iye eningizimu ukuze kuboniswe ilanga kangcono. Ikhula kahle emhlabathini omncane, othululiwe nenhlabathi evundisiwe. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, akhiwe ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba, akuyona indawo ehamba phambili kulezi zitshalo, ngoba kunengozi yokuqandeka kwezihlahla ebusika nokubola kwezimpande entwasahlobo. Uma kunenkinga enjalo, abalimi abanolwazi bancoma:

• bhala izimbobo zamabhishi amagilebhisi angajulile kakhulu ukuze ibanga lokuya emanzini aphansi okungenani li-1 m;
• faka amanzi ngaphansi komgodi - amatshe asindayo noma izingcezwana zesilayidi, ukuze entwasahlobo amanzi angagcwali emhlabathini ngaphansi kwesihlahla somvini.

Kungcono ukutshala izivini ezindaweni ezifuywayo, ngoba ezindaweni eziphansi izitshalo zingabi nokukhanya okwanele kwelanga, futhi amagquma avulekele yonke imimoya, okuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ebusika, lapho izihlahla zikhosela umoya nesithwathwa. Kodwa-ke, ungabatshala emthambekeni ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Lokhu kwandisa ukudluliswa kokushisa, ngoba ngalolu hlangothi umhlaba ukufudumala ngaphezulu. Futhi, njengoba wazi, lapho ukushisa okwengeziwe, kuba ngcono khona ukukhula kwamagilebhisi.

Izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zingadlala indima yesikrini somoya lapho sikhetha indawo yesivini esiseduze kwazo. Ibanga elifanele ukusuka ezindongeni kuya ezihlahleni zomvini li-1 m.

Ngokwazi kwami, ngingasho ukuthi izitshalo ezikhula eduze kocingo olumhlophe kusuka ebhodini elinezinhlangothi eziseningizimu endlini yami yezwe ziqala ukuthela isonto ngesonto eledlule kunabanye bohlobo olufanayo, kodwa zikhula kwezinye izindawo zesiza. Uthango olumhlophe lubonisa ukukhanya kwelanga nokushisa emibhedeni eseduze efakwe izinto zokuphahla. Ngakho-ke, kutholakala umphumela ophindwe kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu cingo luyisivikelo esihle emimoyeni.

Njengoba isivuno samagilebhisi sincike kakhulu endaweni yaso kunanini lamabhasi, ibanga eliphakathi kwawo linomthelela omkhulu ekwenzeni izithelo. Kunconywa ukutshala izihlahla kude kude hhayi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-3 ukusuka komunye nomunye nama-3 m ezithombeni. Kodwa-ke, ngokunikezwa izindawo ezincane zezingadi zethu, avumela u-2,5 m.

Ibanga elifanele phakathi kwezihlahla zamagilebhisi ngokulandelana li-3 m

Ukulungiselela umgodi

Umgodi onemishini efanele kufanele ulungiselelwe ngaphansi kwesitshalo:

1. Bemba umgodi ngosayizi ongu-80x80x80 cm. Amagilebhisi atshalwe ngokujulile, ngoba izimpande zethenda zingamelana kuphela -6 ... -7^mayelanaC.
   

   Ukujula komgodi wokufika kwamagilebhisi kufanele kube ngu-80 cm
2. Qiniseka ukuthi wenza i-humus (uma ingekho - umquba), cishe amabhakede ama-4 emgodini. Izinto eziphilayo zibalulekile ekukhuleni kwesitshalo okuhle nokukhula.
   

   I-humus ingeniswa emgodini wokutshala amagilebhisi

3. Benza umanyolo we-potash ne-phosphorus - cishe ama-200 g emgodini ngamunye.
   

   Ngaphezu komanyolo we-organic, lapho ukutshala amagilebhisi asebenzisa futhi amaminerali

4. Konke lokhu kuxuba kahle.

Lesi yisikimu sokulungiselela umgodi wasendulo isizukulwane esidala osikhethayo njengendlela ethembekile neqinisekisiwe.

Enye indlela yokulungiselela umgodi:

1. Kuyimbiwa umgodi osayizi ojwayelekile.
   

   Ubukhulu bomgodi wokutshala amagilebhisi zisezingeni noma yiziphi izindlela zokuwuhlela

2. I-10-15 cm yelitshe elichotshoziwe lithululelwa phansi.
   

   Ungqimba we-ruble uthululwa phansi komgodi

3. I-tube emincane ifakwa ezungeze onqenqemeni, yenzelwe ukunisela ngesikhathi sezulu esomile.
   

   Kufakwa ipayipi lokunisela lifakwa emaphethelweni egodi lamagilebhisi.

4. Umgodi ugcwele umhlaba owembiwe kuwo ngaphambili futhi uxhunywe ku-humus. Ingxube enjalo idinga amabhakede ama-4.
   

   Umgodi wokumboza wombozwe umhlaba oxutshwe ne-humus
5. Inhlabathi ichotshoziwe.
6. Umgodi uniselwa kakhulu.
7. Ngemuva kokuthi umswakama usungenile, kuthunyelwa umhlaba omningi ngaphansi kodonga olusenyakatho lomgodi ukuze wakhe indawo encane. Kuzosebenza njengesikrini uma kungenzeka ukuthi ujwelwe ukubanda.

Ukutshala kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo

Lapho indawo isilungile, ungatyala isithombo samagilebhisi lapho:

1. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zifakwe emanzini amahora angama-24 ukuze ziphile.
2. Kuyisithombo esilungiselelwe ngale ndlela, izimpande zisikwa ngu-1 cm.
3. Zinezithombo emgodini, ezaziniselwe ngaphambili ngaphambili, ezinezimpande ohlangothini oluseningizimu, kanye namahlumela enyakatho.
4. Fafaza ngomhlaba oxutshwe ne-humus, cishe kuze kube phakathi kwesiqu bese uthulisa umhlaba uzungeze isihlahla.
5. Kugcwele.
6. Ibhakede lesihlabathi lithululelwa emgodini ozungeze izithombo futhi ngaphezulu ungqimba oluncane lomlotha.
7. Imboza ngesendlalelo somhlaba ukuze u-10-15 cm uhlale ngaphezulu komgodi.
   

   Amagilebhisi anezimpande ohlangothini oluseningizimu, amahlumela enyakatho

Lapho utshala, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ukusika okungaphezulu kwesiqu sesithombo (isiqu) kungaphansi kwezinga lomgodi, futhi nebanga ukusuka emahlombe alo kuya emhlabathini alikho ngaphezu kwama-2-3 cm. Lapho izivini zikhula, kuzoba lula ukuthi uzigobe ukuze ubeke ubusika. Abanye abaxhasi beviniga batshalwe ukuze izinso zingcwatshwe emhlabathini ngo-2-3 cm.

Amagilebhisi ayawuthanda kakhulu umhlabathi oxegayo, onempilo futhi ofudumele. Uma kunosongo lweqhwa, ungamboza lesi sitshalo ngefilimu emnyama kuze kube yilapho isimo sezulu sixazulula.

Indlela yesitsha

Indlela yesitsha ihlukile kokungenhla ngoba isithombo samagilebhisi sitshalwa ndawonye nenhlama yomhlaba lapho ikhula khona. Lapho zitshalwa, ziyikhipha kwigobolondo, elidlala indima yomthamo. Ngakho-ke, izimpande azivezi ngesikhathi sokutshala, okusiza isitshalo ukuthi sikhule ngokushesha endaweni entsha.

Ifilimu emnyama yesitsha isuswa ngokucophelela ngqo emgodini lapho ifika ngendlela yesitsha

Ukutshala amagilebhisi ngaphansi kwe-trellis

Amagilebhisi - isitshalo esikhuphukayo, isiswebhu saso singakhula kakhulu, lapho kugawulwa futhi kubunjiwe. Kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu lapho kufukiwe "ngezindlela" ezikhethekile - i-trellis.

Ama-tapestries asekela imivini futhi enze lula ukwakhiwa kwezihlahla

Uma kukhona i-trellis esivele isikhona, kunconyelwa ukuba sitsheke isiqu sohlanga lapho sitshala endaweni eyi-45^mayelanaukuze imivini yakhe ikhule ohlangothini lokusekelwa, hhayi kusuka kulo. Uma kuhlelwa ukuyifaka lapho amagilebhisi ekhula, khona-ke into esemqoka ukugcina uhlelo lokutshala izithombo ezingama-3x3 m nokubeka amahlahla endizeni ye-trellis yesikhathi esizayo. Kulokhu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzoba lula ukufaka ukusekela kubhusha obukhulu.

Inketho elula yokulungiselela indawo nokutshala isithombo samagilebhisi

Labo abazibandakanye ekwenzeni kabusha amagilebhisi isikhathi eside futhi ngempumelelo bajwayelana nendlela esetshenziswa isikhathi esincane yokulungisa umgodi:

1. Umgodi wokujula okudingekayo wenziwa ngokushayela ngesandla.
2. Itshe elichotshoziwe noma isitini esaphukile sibekwa phansi.
3. Kuthelelwa igquma lomhlaba, lapho izimpande zesithombo zitholakala khona, ngaphambili zisikwe, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla.
4. Umhlaba uhlangana ne-humus nesihlabathi, kepha ungakwenza ngaphandle kwawo.
5. Isithombo sigcwaliswa kuze kube yingxenye.
6. Beka uphawu umhlaba emzungezile.
7. Amanzi namanzi. Ibhakede elitha-10 lanele.
8. Lapho amanzi ehamba, gcwalisa umgodi phezulu, umboze isithombo esihlumeni. Ungaphinde unisele.
   

   Amagilebhisi agxotshwe embozwe ngenhlabathi kuya kwengxenye

Ngokuya ngesifunda, ukujula komgodi ngale ndlela kungaqala kusuka kuma-35 kuye kwangama-55 cm. Ezifundeni zaseningizimu, lapho kungahle kube khona ebusika noma iqhwa elincanyana, kodwa kunemimoya ebandayo enamandla, kungakuhle ukutshala ujule - 50-55 cm ukugwema ukuqandusela izimpande. Lapho kuneqhwa eliningi khona ebusika, ngokwesibonelo, emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, amagilebhisi angatshalwa aze ajule ngamasentimitha angama-35 kuya kwengama-40. Isembozo seqhwa esiningi ebusika siyovikela isitshalo eseningizimu ekuqandeni.

Ividiyo: izindlela zokutshala izithombo zamagilebhisi endaweni evulekile

Izici zokutshala kwentwasahlobo zomvini ezifundeni ezihlukile

Ezindaweni ezihlukene lapho kwenziwa khona ukutshalwa kwamagilebhisi, isimo sezulu esidingekayo ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo kwenzeka ngesikhathi. ECrimea, lesi sikhathi siba sekupheleni kukaMashi, ngo-Ephreli 20-25, wonke umsebenzi kufanele uqedwe. Esifundeni sase-Odessa e-Ukraine, baqala ukubhekana namagilebhisi maphakathi no-Ephreli. Kepha ezinye izinhlobo zidinga lokushisa okuthile okuhle ngaphandle kokusongela isithwathwa, ngakho-ke zitshalwe ngoMeyi 5 kuya ku-9.

EBelarus, amagilebhisi angaqala ukutshala ngomhla ka-10 Ephreli, kepha ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ziyimboza ngefilimu, ngoba ekuqaleni kukaMeyi ebusuku amafriji asekhona lapho. Kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli, baphinde baqala ukubhekana namagilebhisi esiFundeni saseMoscow, lapho bebuye baphethe khona isiko lelo ngefilimu kuze kube kusungulwa umbuso wokuzinza onzinzile.

Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, kuze kube muva nje, ukutshalwa kwamagilebhisi ezakhiweni zasendlini bekungathandwa ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi. Kepha labo ababefuna ukutshala izihlahla zabo bathola indlela yokuphuma. E-Chuvashia, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zamagilebhisi endaweni ehlala njalo, enza umsebenzi othile wokulungisa isithombo ekhaya, okusho ukuthi izimpande zesiqu zivela ngaphambi kwamahlumela. Ngakho-ke, izimpande zikhula ngokushesha, ziqine futhi zisebenza ngesikhathi sokutshala ngoJuni.

Ezimweni sezulu ezibandayo, amagilebhisi atshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Isidingo salokhu umoya omncane.

Enye yezinketho zokugcina ukushisa okunjalo: ngakolunye uhlangothi kwenziwa isikrini esibonisa ukushisa emibhedeni. Olunye uhlangothi ifilimu elisobala, lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele singahanjiswa bese sidilizwa phansi lapho kubanda.

Ezimweni sezulu ezibandayo, amagilebhisi angatshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa

Akunobunzima obuthile ngokulungiselela indawo nokutshala izithombo zomvini entwasahlobo. Njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo esitshaliwe, sidinga ukunakwa nokunakekelwa, okuyinto i-novice engasiphatha uma isifisa.