Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezihlahla zokuhlobisa zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Bangadlala indima yama-hedges noma babe yizwi lesakhiwo sezimbali. I-Spirea, ukutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile elula kakhulu, efanelekile inhloso eyodwa, nenye. Kuyinto yokuhlobisa impela futhi ayizethembi, futhi ukuqhakaza izimbali okuningana kuyinto enhle kakhulu ngezinzuzo zayo. Ngisho nesiqalo singakhula.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukutshala lesi shrub, kufanele uzijwayeze nemithetho yokukhula nokuqhubeka nokunakekela, uthole ukuthi hlobo luni lwesitshalo yi-spirea.
Ungakhula Kanjani Spirea: Ukutshala nokunakekela
Ukuze ukhule isitshalo esiphilile esizothokozela hhayi kuphela ngokuluhlaza okuhlaza okotshani, kodwa futhi nokuqhakaza okugcwele, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzekela zonke izigaba: kusukela ekuthengeni kokutshala kuya ekunakekelweni kwezihlahlana ezitshaliwe kakade.
ISpirea isihlahla esihle kakhulu.
Izithombo
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthenga izinto zokutshala. Ngokuya ngezinhloso ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizokhulelwelwa kuphi, njengothango noma ngotshani olulodwa, kubalulekile ukunquma izinhlobonhlobo. Kukhona eziningi zazo, zinezidingo ezahlukile nezimpawu zangaphandle. Phakathi kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kunesiqiniseko sokuba yiyona efaneleke kakhulu ecaleni elithile.
Ngemuva kokuthi izinhlobonhlobo zikhethiwe futhi nenombolo edingekayo yezithombo inqunywe, ungaqhubeka ngokuqondile ekutholeni izinto zokutshala. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele.
- Into yokuqala okufanele unake ngayo uhlelo lwezimpande. Kumele ithuthukiswe kahle futhi ibe nezimpande okungenani ezintathu eziqinile zezinduku. Akufanele futhi zonakale nezindawo ezinezifo zesifo.
- Ngokuya esikhathini sokutshala, isimo senxenye engenhla yesitshalo siyalinganiselwa. Uma ukuthengwa kwesithombo kwenzeka entwasahlobo, khona-ke ama-buds akumahlumela awo kufanele kube kuvaliwe hhayi ukuvuvukala. Endabeni yokutshala ekwindla, amaqabunga amahlumela kufanele abe engekho.
Isithombo se-Spirea
Isikhathi nobuchwepheshe bokufika
Ngokutshala, ungakhetha zombili isikhathi sekwindla nehlobo. Into esemqoka ukucabanga ngesimo sezulu. Isikhathi sokutshala ekwindla kufanele sikhethwe ukuze ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa isitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokuqina, futhi entwasahlobo udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho usongo lweqhwa ludlula.
Ukutshala isithombo
Kubalulekile! Izithombo ezincane zifunwa kakhulu emswakama. Uma kwenzeka kuba khona isikhathi eside ukuna kwemvula, kubalulekile ukuthi kubuyelwe emuva ukuntuleka kwamanzi.
Ubuchwepheshe
Inqubo yokutshala izithombo enhlabathini ingahlukaniswa izigaba eziningana ezilandelanayo.
- Ukumba umgodi. Ububanzi bayo kufanele bube ngaphezu kosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande lwesithombo ngo-20-30%.
- Ukugcwalisa umgodi wokufika ngomhlabathi ongu-2/3 olungiselelwe. Umhlaba kufanele ufafazwe ngensimbi.
- Ukubekwa kwezithombo. Izimpande zesitshalo zidinga ukuqondiswa, zisuswe zilimele futhi zisatshalaliswa ebusweni bokubumbeka kobumba.
- Ukugcwalisa umgodi ngomhlabathi wonke. Kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi intambo yempande yesithombo iyashwabana ebusweni bomhlaba.
- Ukunisela. Kuyathandeka futhi ukuthi mulch enhlabathini ezungeze isitshalo ukunciphisa ukulahleka komswakama.
Nakani! I-Spirea ayikubekezeleli ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngezimpande. Uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze nendawo noma inhlabathi iqukethe ubumba oluningi, ungqimba lwamanzi kufanele lwenziwe ezansi komgodi wokufaka. Kulokhu, amatshe amatshe amahle, ama-chip wezitini noma amatshe amatshe azokwenza.
Uma isithombo sitshalwe ngenhlama yomhlaba, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngqo emgodini wokutshala, bese kugcwaliswa inhlabathi.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi nokukhethwa kwesiza
ISpirea iyambambatha hhayi kuphela ekunakekeleni, kepha futhi ayifuni emhlabathini. Iyakwazi ukukhula cishe kuyo yonke indawo, kepha ngohlobo lwesitshalo esinempilo udinga ukubheka izimo ezithile. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi i-spirea yenhlabathi ithande kuphi nokuthi kungcono ukuyibeka engadini.
Le shrub yaphakade ikubekezelela kahle umswakama okweqile, ngokulandelana, futhi inhlabathi ikhetha ukukhanya futhi kukhishwe. Ukuze uthuthukise ukwakheka kwenhlabathi yobumba, kungcono ukwengeza isihlabathi nokuthunga kuyo. Uma inhlabathi inesihlabathi futhi ilula kakhulu, akulimazi ukwenza udaka oluthile.
Futhi, lapho ulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala, umquba noma umquba obolile kufanele wengezwe kuwo.
ISpirea isihlahla esiqhakaza izimbali. Ngenxa yesimo sayo esinganciphisiyo, ingakhula emthunzini, kepha ukuqhakaza okuningi kuleli cala akufanele kulindelwe. Ukwenza lesi sihlahlana sijabulise hhayi kuphela ngokuluhlaza okuhlaza okotshani, kodwa futhi nezimbali, kungcono ukhethe indawo enelanga ukuyitshala.
Ukukhula entwasahlobo nasekwindla
I-spirea yezimbali ingenzeka ehlobo noma entwasahlobo. Le nto kufanele iqondiswe lapho kukhethwa isikhathi sokufika. Isizini sentwasahlobo ilungele kuphela izinhlobo zezimbali zentwasahlobo. Ekwindla, ungatshala zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, kungakhathalekile ukuthi zihlala isikhathi sini sokuqhakaza.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuhlinzeka izithombo ezincane ngomswakama, ikakhulukazi ngokungabi bude kwemvula.
Lapho utshala ekwindla, kudingeka unakekele ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokukhosela izitshalo ezisebusika. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, indawo yokuhlala ebusika isethwe njalo ngonyaka, noma ebusika bokuqala nje ngemuva kokutshala.
Izici zokunakekelwa ezifundeni ezihlukile
Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo futhi nokumelana nokuqina kakhulu kwesithwathwa, i-spirea ilungele ukukhula ngisho naseSiberia nase-Urals. Vele, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo ezifanele lezi zifunda. Okufanele kakhulu:
- iqabunga le-birch;
- isilinganiso;
- oak-leaved;
- IVanguta;
- mpunga
- UBillard;
- isimangaliso sendoda.
Ibanga White White
Uma kunikezwe izimo zezulu ezinzima zalezi zifunda, noma kunamazinga okushisa aphansi ebusika, indawo yokuhlala ebusika yomoya edingekayo njalo ngonyaka Futhi, izinsuku zokufika ziyohluka kancane. Entwasahlobo, kungcono ukuqala le nqubo ngemuva kwesikhathi, futhi ekwindla, ngokuphambene nalokho, ekuqaleni, ngaphambi kokufika kwamakhaza. ISpirea ema-Urals, okutshalwa kuyo okunzima kakhulu lapha, kudlangile futhi kuyathandwa.
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zokukhulisa lesi sihlahlana emadolobheni angaphansi komhlaba. Lapho ushiya, kufanele ugxile ezicini zezinhlobonhlobo, futhi ikakhulukazi ekuqineni kwalo ebusika. Isibonelo, i-White Bride spirea, ukutshala nokunakekela okulula, kungamelana neqhwa liye ku-−40 ° С.
Nakani! Njengomthetho, zonke izinhlobo ziyakwazi ukubusika esifundeni saseMoscow ngaphandle kokukhosela, le ndawo ibavumela ukuba basinde emakhazeni ngaphansi kwengqimba yeqhwa. Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani kahle i-spirea lapho ulungiselela ubusika.
Ukuzala
Nge-spirea, kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla, kunezindlela eziningana zokuzalela. Ungathola isitshalo esisha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, noma ungahlukanisa. Kepha ithuba elinjalo alihlali libonakala njalo, ikakhulukazi uma umnikazi wesihlahla engafuni ukulimaza isitshalo ukuze ahlanganyele. Kulokhu, ukusikeka njengendlela yokuzala kuphelele.
Izimbumbulu
Kuyafaneleka ukuthatha isenzo ezimbalwa kuphela.
- Ilungiselela ukusika. Ngale njongo, udinga ukukhetha ihlumela lonyaka futhi ulinqume libe izicucu ukuze ngalinye linamaqabunga angama-4-5. Abaphansi kufanele basuswe, abanye basikwe.
- Ukuchayeka kusisombululo. Okulandelayo, udinga ukubeka ukusikeka kusisombululo se-stimulator sokukhula futhi ubekezelele isikhathi esifanele.
- Ukufakwa emhlabathini. Izithombo ezisikiwe zingaba esitsheni esihlukile noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Inhlabathi kumele ilungiswe kuwo womabili amacala.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Shelter. Ngemuva kokutshala, ama-cuttings kufanele ambozwe ngembiza yengilazi noma ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elisikiwe.
Okulandelayo, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi endaweni yokutshala izithombo ihlala inomswakama. Futhi, ukufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile kuzoba wusizo kubo.
Ubusika bungashiywa emhlabathini, kepha qiniseka ukumboza kahle. Izithombo ezisikiwe futhi ezivuthiwe ngentwasahlobo zingadluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Imbewu
Enye indlela yokuthola isitshalo esisha se-spirea ukusakazeka kwembewu.
Kubalulekile! Le ndlela ayilungele zonke izinhlobo. Kulabo abahlanganisiwe njengeWangutt, uBillard ne-Spiked Spiraea, ayisebenzi.
Le nqubo yokuzalanisa iqukethe izigaba eziningana.
- Ukuqoqwa kwembewu. Kwezinhlobo ezigeleza entwasahlobo, lokhu kungukuqala kukaJuni, kanye nezinhlobo eziqhakaza ehlobo - ukuphela kwale nyanga noma kamuva.
- Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi. Esitsheni esikhethekile, uthele ingxube ye-peat nge-vermiculite ku-4: 1.
- Ukuhlwanyela. Kukhiqizwa ebusweni, ngaphandle kokungcwaba imbewu emhlabathini.
- I-Moisturizing. Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi kufanele linyuswe ngokucophelela ngebhodlela lokufafaza, ngokuqikelela ukuthi aligcwali imbewu.
- Ishelter. Isitsha kufanele simbozwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi.
Imbewu
Ungabeka isitsha enezimbewu ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Into esemqoka ukuthi le ndawo yindawo emthunzini oyingxenye, hhayi elangeni.
Njengoba kuvela amahlumela, ifilimu kufanele isuswe. Lapho amahlumela efika ku-2 cm, kudingeka ukuthi kutshalwe izithombo. Ekwindla, sezivele zidluliselwe emhlabathini, kanti entwasahlobo ziye endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle
Ukuthuthuka okugcwele nokuqhakaza kwezimbali konyaka, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-spirea nokuthi ungayinikeza kanjani ukunakekelwa okufanele. Siqukethe izinqubo eziningana ezibalulekile.
Ukunisela
Lesi shrub esinokubekezelela kunesomiso sidinga ukuthambisa okungandile kodwa okuningi. Kuzokwanela yena u-10-15 wamalitha wamanzi izikhathi ezi-2 kabili ngenyanga. Uma kwezulu kwenzeka njalo, leli zinga lingancishiswa. Uma kwenzeka kunokuntuleka komswakama, amahlumela namaqabunga angoma.
Nakani! Izithombo ezincane zifunwa kakhulu lapho kukhona umswakama. Kufanele ziniselwe njalo.
Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla, isibonelo, i-spirea yaseJapan, zidinga ukuthambisa kaningi. Ngale ndlela, izimbali zakhe ziba nombala opinki omnandi.
Umanyolo nokufaka umquba
I-Spirea iyaphendulwa ekusetshenzisweni komanyolo, kokubumbayo kanye nangamaminerali. Entwasahlobo, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali. Lokhu kuzosheshisa ukukhula nokukhula kwesitshalo. Umanyolo weNitrogen ungasebenza kuphela ngalesi sikhathi. Ehlobo, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kanye nangemva kokuthena, kuyadingeka umanyolo we-organic.
Kubalulekile! Noma yikuphi ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela enhlabathini enomswakama.
Ukwenza umanyolo wezimbiwa, kungcono ukhethe umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi olungiselelwe owenziwe izihlahla zomhlobiso. Ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile. Isibonelo, iLeningrad Garden Center inikezela ngenketho enkulu yemikhiqizo enjalo.
Njengomanyolo we-organic, ungasebenzisa umquba noma umquba. Kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha. Kungani kunjalo Lapho usebenzisa umquba, umthamo kufanele ubhekwe ngokuqinile ukuze uvikele ukushiswa ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Spirea Yase-Spring, izihlahla nokondla
Kunezinqubo ezithile okufanele zenziwe entwasahlobo. Okwe-spirea lokhu kuthenwa kwenhlanzeko.
Izihlahla
Ngokuya ngesikhathi lapho isigaba sokuqhakaza sesihlahla siwela khona, kwenziwa izinwele ezihambisanayo. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezigeleza entwasahlobo zidinga ukuthenwa okuncane. Amaphethelo amahlumela kuphela ahlaselwe ubusika obubandayo angaphansi kokususwa. Kufanele futhi ususe wonke amagatsha omisiwe.
Amahlumela ezinhlobo zezimbali ezifike sekwephuzile kufanele anciphiswe kakhulu, kusale ama-buds ayi-1-2 kuwo. Amahlumela ngokweqile kufanele futhi asuswe ukuvikela ukuqina ngokweqile kwesihlahla. Amahlumela agulayo nawomile nawo kufanele asuswe.
Ngemininingwane! Isikhathi sentwasahlobo sihle ngokusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okuqukethe i-nitrogen kuvunyelwe ngalesi sikhathi kuphela.
I-Spirea uthango
Le shrub ilungele ukusetshenziswa njenge uthango. Lolu donga oluhlaza ngeke lufunwe ikakhulukazi. Ikhwalithi enjengokukhula okusheshayo kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole uthango oluhlaza obukhulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Isibonelo, i-grey spirea, ukusika nokwakha okulula, ilungele izinhloso ezinjalo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ubukeka njengenkosazana yangempela emhlophe.
Phakama umgede omhlophe
Izinhlobo eziningi zilungele ukusetshenziswa njengama-hedge, kanti ezinye zazo azidingi nokuthenwa. Kepha ukuthola ukwakheka okuhle, kufanele wazi ukusika i-spirea.
Ukunakekela uthango olunjalo kuyafana nalokho okusetshenziselwa lesi shrub ekutshaleni okukodwa. Kepha kukhona amaphuzu okufanele acatshangelwe kulokhu.
- Kungcono ukunquma inani lezinto ezidingekayo zokutshala ngokushesha futhi uthenge izithombo esitolo esisodwa. Lokhu kuzosusa amathuba wokutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene.
- Lapho utshala, kufanele ubheke izici zezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla. Ngokuya ngosayizi wesitshalo esidala salolu hlobo, ibanga phakathi kwezithombo zilandelana kufanele linqunywe.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala i-spirea for hedges kwenziwa ngendlela yomsele. Ubuchwepheshe bokufika bufana nendlela esetshenziswayo ekubanjweni okukodwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Spirea ngemuva kwezimbali
Kungakhathaleki isikhathi lapho blooms spirea, kungcono ukususa amabhulashi ahambile. Ezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zezimbali, le nqubo iyimpoqo. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Ngezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ehlobo, ukususwa kwezimbali ezomile nakho kuyinto efiselekayo, kepha lokhu kungenziwa ngokuthenwa kwekwindla.
Izinhlobo zokuqala zezimbali zithungwa kancane kancane entwasahlobo futhi zakhiwa kancane phakathi nenkathi. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali ngaphambi kwesikhathi kufanele kuthulwe ngokucophelela, amahlumela kufanele ancishiswe kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Izithombo ezomile nezonakalisiwe kumele zisuswe ngesikhathi sokuthena kwentwasahlobo nokwindla. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zalesi shrub.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe ukuze isihlahla siqukethe amahlumela weminyaka ehlukene. Lokhu kuzomqinisekisa intuthuko efanele. Kufanele futhi uhambisane nesikhathi, esinikezwe isikhathi sokusika i-spirea.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ngaphambi kokuthi isitshalo singene enkathini ebusika ebusika, kufanele ihlanzwe. Zonke amahlumela ezomile kumele zisuswe. Amahlumela afushaniswa kube kubude obusebenza kule nhlobo ethile. Ukuthenwa kwe-Autumn kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yokuthi isitshalo sinesikhathi sokusuka kude naso ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Yini ukondla i-spirea kule nkathi? Ngemuva kwale nqubo, ungakwazi ukondla lesi sihlahla ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi we-potassium-phosphorus.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-spirea zidinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika, futhi izinhlobo ezithile ziyakwazi ebusika eqhweni. Kungenxa yezidingo zezinhlobonhlobo okufanele ziqondiswe lapho kuthathwa isinqumo ngokufakwa kwendawo yokukhosela.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
ISpirea imelana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane. Kepha noma kunjalo, kwesinye isikhathi ingangenelwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zesikhunta nasekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane ezithile. Isibonelo, njengoku:
- ama-aphid;
- isicabucabu mite;
- incwajana;
- okumhlophe.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, lesi sitshalo singalimala kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, phatha njalo isihlahla ngamalungiselelo akhethekile wezinjongo ze-prophylactic.
ISpirea isihlahla somhlobiso esingazithobi futhi simelana nesithwathwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zalesi shrub ezingafani ngokubukeka kuphela, kodwa nezindlela zokuzinakekela.
Kubalulekile! Ngokukhula okugcwele nokuqhakaza, le shrub kufanele inikeze inhlabathi ekhishwa kahle, ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo nokudla okujwayelekile. Ukuthena okulungile konyaka kuyadingeka futhi.
ISpirea ingasatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, izingqimba, ukusikwa kanye nembewu. Ukusika kulula ukufeza, futhi isilinganiso sokusinda sezithombo eziphumayo siphakeme impela.Ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okuvimbela njalo ngamakhemikhali. Kuphela ngokunikezwa kwezimo ezifanele lapho i-spirea ingakuthokozela ngamahlamvu aluhlaza nokuqhakaza okunotha unyaka wonke.
