Yiziphi izimo okumelwe zigcinwe ngokugcina izaqathe kanye ne-beet ebusika egumbini elingaphansi ngosizo lwamaphakheji?

Imifino yomsuka, njengezinyosi kanye ne-izaqathe, kufanele igcinwe ngendlela ehlala eqinile, enempilo nangenhluma ize idliwe, kungenjalo, ngeshwa, ngeke ibe nayo yonke into enhle kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo.

Cabanga ngendlela entsha evumela ukuthi ugcine ijusi kanye nokuhlanza kwemifino - lokhu kugcinwa ngezikhwama zeplastiki.

Ukujwayela ubuhle be-orange

I-Carrot (isiLatini. Daucus carota subsp. Sativus) isitshalo se-biennial, i-subspecies yezinhlanzi zasendle zasendle. Ngokuvamile, empilweni yansuku zonke, ngegama elithi "isanqante" sisho isanqante sokuhlwanyela. Bayamthanda ngenhla yemifino enkulu, enamanzi, enamanzi, e-orange.

Namuhla kuyaziwa ngakho konke lokho izaqathe - imifino ewusizo, i-pantry yangempela yamavithamini nezakhi ezidinga umuntu. Ama-karoti asetshenziselwa ukupheka, kanye nama-juice, ama-mask ahlukahlukene ebusweni nokuningi okuningi. Abesifazane abavela kuwo wonke amazwe ukushintshanisa zokupheka-based zokupheka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abadla izaqathe impilo yonke - baphile isikhathi eside.

I-Vitamin A, etholakala izaqathe ngobuningi, kubalulekile empilweni ye-eye. Ama-karoti anomphumela omuhle wokuzivikela emzimbeni, ukusiza ngesifo sikashukela, ukuvuselela umzimba umzimba, ukusiza ukuqeda ubuthi nokudonshulwa, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wenhliziyo, ukulwa nesifo segazi nokuvimbela ukwakheka kwezifo.

Ngokokuqala ngqa mayelana ne-izaqathe kukhulunywe cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili BC. Izwe liyizinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko zempande i-Afghanistan kanye nogu lwaseMedithera. Ngaphambili, izaqathe zakhula hhayi ukudla, kodwa amaqabunga namaqabunga anomsindo. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-60 zalesi sitshalo esiwusizo, esisakazwa emhlabeni wonke, kusukela eYurophu naseMelika kuya eNew Zealand nase-Australia.

Indlela yokukhetha ezihlukahlukene futhi unqume ukufaneleka kwemifino?

Sakhetha izinhlobo eziningana zezinqathe ezifanele ukugcina. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinqathe zokugcina ebusika zicatshangelwa:

• Isikhathi.
• I-Mango F1.
• I-Nandrin F1.
• Nantes 4.
• I-Nerak F1.
• I-Rosal
• Isivunguvungu
• I-Nevis F1.
• I-Cyrano.
• I-Monanta
• Akunakuqhathaniswa.
• USamsoni.
• Valeria.
• I-Gribovchanin F1.
• Shantane.
• Losinoostrovskaya.
• I-Canada F1.
• I-Vitamin
• Nantejska nabanye.

Zonke ziyizinhlobo zokuvuthwa kanye nezinhlobo zokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni, zinomumo obomvu we-oblong kanye ne-pulp enzima. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-saladi kanye neklabishi yokucubungula, noma zidla okuluhlaza ngokushesha ngemva kokuzikhiphela emhlabathini - azikwazi ukubhekana nezinyanga zokugcina.

KUBALULEKILE! Amaqathi wesimo se-classical - i-cone eyandisiwe, ngokuvamile ilele futhi iqinile ngokugcina isitoreji sasebusika. Futhi izinhlobo ezisheshayo emiphongolweni zizophambuka nezimpande ezincishisiwe ngokukhethekile.

Njengoba abalimi beluleka izaqathi ezigcinwe kahle, zihlanjululwe ezinsukwini ezingu-100-110. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe izinhlobonhlobo zikhethwe ngokuhlakanipha futhi zifanelekile ukugcina isitoreji sasebusika, izimo ezikhulayo kanye nokuhlanzeka kweziqathe emiphongolweni ebusika kungathinteka yizimo ezikhulayo.

Okubaluleke kunazo zonke kuyoba: uhlobo olubi lomhlabathi, ukuchelela okuningi, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuvuna noma ukwethulwa kwemanzi amaningi e-nitrogen.

Khumbula ukuthi ukulinganisela iseluleko esihle kakhulu sokutshala imifino yokugcina ubusika.

Uma uhlola ngokubukeka isanqante kumele kube:

1. elivuthiwe elivuthiwe, elikhanyayo eliluhlaza, elinamandla kuze kuthinte;
2. azikho izibonakaliso zokubola, izifo nezinye iziphambeko (isibonelo, ukugqotshwa ngebheyi noma izaqathe ezifakiwe akufanele zigcinwe);
3. hhayi kakhulu enomsoco futhi onethenda, ngoba kunzima kakhulu isanqante, kuyoba ngcono.

Izinhlobo ze-Vitamin ezingekho kanzima, ukuze ugweme umonakalo wazo, udle kuqala.

Okwesithathu, ukuhlanza izaqathe zesitoreji kufanele kwenzeke esimweni esomile, esihle sezulu. Futhi ngesonto ngaphambi kokuhlanza, kufanele ume ukuchelela.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphuma emiphongolweni yangasese futhi kungcono kanjani?

Izaqathe ngaphambi kokubonakala kweziqandisini ezigcinwe emasimini. Nokho, kwakungekho izikhwama zepulasitiki. Namuhla, abadwebi abaningi balondoloza izaqathe emaphakheji amakhulu ezindaweni zabo zangaphansi., Yebo, ngokulandela imithetho ethile, ngoba igumbi elingaphansi limanzi ngokwanele, futhi lisongela isitoreji sezinqathe.

Yiqiniso, ezimweni zamadolobha amakhulu, isitoreji emiphongolweni engenakwenzeka, ngakho-ke le ndlela yokugcina yilabo bantu abanenhlanhla abanesilaya noma ikamelo elingaphakathi.

Izici

Phakathi kwezinzuzo zokugcinwa kwamaphakheji kukhona okulandelayo:

• ukulula ukubeka (esihlabathini, isibonelo, kunzima kakhulu ukubeka izaqathe ebusika);
• ungahlukanisa ukuvuna zibe izingxenye futhi uthathe nawe sachet ngamunye uma ufika emiphongolweni;
• izikhwama ze-izaqathi zingathathwa futhi zithwalwe, ngokungafani nezihlabathi ze-sandbox ezinzima.

Umthengi:

1. Kubalulekile ukuqapha amazinga okushisa namanzi emkhathini. Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa ngisho nangezicucu ezimbalwa kungaphazamisa "ukulala okuphilayo" kwezaqathe, futhi kuzoqala ukuhluma, ukuthanda noma ukuphuza.
2. Ngalesi sitoreji, ukubola okumhlophe noma i-sclerotinia cishe kunesifo sokutheleleka.

Ukulungiselela

Ukuze ulungiselele isitoreji, kufanele ube nommese, izikhwama zeplastiki, igumbi elingaphansi, futhi izaqathi ezihlanzekile, ezinempilo. Futhi, ukuqeda umswakama kungadinga umsila, umlotha, amaphephandaba, i-lime.

Uzodinga futhi ukusula indawo emgwaqweni lapho uzomisa khona izaqathe, mhlawumbe ngezigatshana.

Indlela yokugcina izikhwama zepulasitiki enkundleni?

Ungalondoloza kanjani amaphakheji?

Kuyi-vacuum

1. Geza izaqathe emhlabathini bese ubeke eceleni ukuphahlazeka kanye nezinye izibonelo zeziphambeko.
2. Faka izikhwama zokugcoba, susa umoya.

Ngalendlela, izaqathe ngeke zigcinwe isikhathi eside - amasonto ambalwanjengoba esaphila futhi udinga ukuphefumula. Uma izaqathe zichotshoziwe futhi zicutshungulwa ngomshini, khona-ke kuzikhwama zephini, zizohlala zingcono kakhulu.

E-cellophane

• Ukugeza noma ukugeza izaqathe eziqoqiwe?

  Kungcono ukuthi ungagcoli izaqathe, ngakho-ke phezu kwamaqathi ahlanziwe, kusalokhu kuhlale ungqimba oluncane lokuvikela umhlaba oluzosiza izitshalo zempande zibe zinde.

• Izitshalo

  Kwezinye izinhlobo, ukuqongelela kubuthakathaka futhi ungakwazi ukuwaphula kalula ngezandla zakho. Uma unezinhlobonhlobo ezinamandla, eziqongweni ezinamaqabunga, kufanele zihlolwe ngobumnene ngomese. Futhi esimweni sokuqala nesesibili, zama ukulimaza impande uqobo. Kunconywa ukuthi ungaphumuli nokuthi ungahlanza kanjani iziqongo, ushiye ithiphu.

• Ukumisa

  Imifino yethu ye-orange izimpande kudingeka yomiswe. Kudingeka kwenziwe amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokupakisha. Khetha indawo emthunzini wemithi emoyeni omusha, okungcono kunesimo sezulu esiphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kokugcina izaqathe kufanele zikhohliwe ekushiseni okungaba ngu-0 ° C.

• Isikhala sokugcina ukupheka.

  I-cellar yakho kumele ihlangabezane nalezi zimo ezilandelayo - kumele kube zomile futhi kufanele zigcine izinga lokushisa lika-4 ... + 12 degrees nomswakama we 90-95%. Ikamelo elifudumele alifanelekile ukugcina: umswakama uzothuthuka kusuka karoti, futhi izimpande ziyokhula futhi ziphele. Indlela yokugcina izaqathe emiphongolweni efudumele, funda kulesi sihloko.

  KUBALULEKILE! Ukushisa ekamelweni akufanele kuguquke kakhulu. Uma kunesidingo, ungakilalisa kabusha isitoreji namabhokisi nge-lime noma nge-sulfate yethusi.
• Ukuhlunga izimpande zezitshalo.

  Ukushada izaqathe nganoma yimaphi amaphutha. Izaqathe ezinothile zingasetshenziswa uma ukhetha iklabishi.

• Silala kwisitsha sokugcina.

  Ungakhetha noma yisiphi isayizi esikhwameni - ukupakishwa kokudla okuvamile, isikhwama seshukela se-10 kg, noma izikhwama ezinkulu zeplastiki eziyi-30-35 kg (ngolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izaqathe emasakeni, kusho lapha). Into eyinhloko ukuthi isikhwama asikwazi ukuboshwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulahlekelwa kwemifino kunokuhlelwa ngu-3-5% kuzoba yi-100% zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-15. Esikhathini esikhwameni evulekile, umswakama oyifunayo ugcinwa.

Ama-karoti akhipha i-carbon dioxide ngesikhathi sokugcina. Ezikhwameni ezivulekile iqoqa kancane, futhi ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo. Kodwa-ke, ngezikhwama eziboshwe, ukuhlushwa kwayo kuyoba phezulu futhi isanqante iyoba yilapho ihlaselwa.

Funda ukuthi ungagcina kanjani izaqathe emasakeni epulasitiki, ungase futhi kule vidiyo:

Sikulungisele ulwazi oluwusizo hhayi kuphela ngokugcina izaqathe esikhwameni, kodwa nokuthi ungagcina kanjani imifino emiphongolweni:
• esihlabathini;
• ku-sawdust;
• ku-moss.

Nge-beetroot

1. Bhala izinqathi nezinyosi.
2. Geza bese usomile.
3. Beka isigamu iphakethe lama-karoti, isigamu sezinyosi.
4. Amaphakheji awahlanganisi ukubeka eduze komunye nomunye.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

1. Ukubonakala kokubola kusuka umswakama obuningi. Lokhu kungavinjelwa uma ngenkathi ibeka izaqathe zibopha zombili iziphetho zazo zibe emlotha. Ngaphambi kwesikhwama esivulekile ogcwele izaqathe ungabeka okuthile okubamba umswakama - i-lime, amaphephandaba, ama-moss.
2. Ngeke ukwazi ukuhlunga ngokusebenzisa okuqukethwe kwesikhwama esikhulu ukuze useshe isanqante esonakele. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, okokuqala ungafaki izitshalo izimpande kumaphakheji amakhulu kakhulu. Kungcono uma bebala.

Sikunike imiyalo elula ukuze uzame indlela entsha yokugcina isitoreji njengesitoreji esikhwameni sepulasitiki, kufaka phakathi izikhwama zokuphumula. Ukuze bajabulele izaqathe ngezandla zabo ebusika, kumele balandele le mithetho. Emva kwakho konke isanqante sayo ayifuni kunoma yikuphi ukuqhathaniswa nesitolo. Gcina imphilo lemifino enomsoco.