Into yokuqala okudingeka uyazi ngama-avocados kulabo abasashushiswa udaba yizithelo. I-Avocado yisitshalo esivame ukuthela izithelo ekhaya. Isithelo sikhula kusuka kuthambo, sizizwa sikhulu ekhaya, uma kunakekelwa kahle. Lapho ukhetha izithelo ukuthola imbewu, kungcono ukunikela ukukhetha kuzinhlobo zamaHasse. Lolu hlobo lwe-avocado lukhulwe nguRudolf Hass, owaguqulela lesi sitshalo ekunakekelweni kwasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iHass avocado ine-flavour emnandi enempilo, imnandi kancane kunezinye izinhlobo.
I-Avocado yeza kithi ivela ogwini lwaseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Igama lesithelo uqobo livela egameni amaNdiya angama-Aztec asibiza ngalo - i-ahuacate. Kuhunyushwa ngokuthi “iqanda”, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa esihlahleni, izithelo ziyafana naso.
Izithelo ze-Avocado
Umuthi lo unemidumba eminingi, emincane ngosayizi, ngaphezulu njengesihlahla. Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle, kuyalulekwa ukutshala imbewu engu-2 eduzane. Ngenkathi yokukhula, bahlangana ndawonye namagatsha babambane. Amaqabunga aqhakazile, anesikhumba, anendawo ecwebezelayo nethiphu ebukhali. Umuthi we-avocado uqhakaza ngezimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani, ezihlanganiswe ekugcineni kwegatsha.
Izithelo zi-oblong, zifana neqanda eliluhlaza. I-peel is ribbed, kanzima, imvama. Ngaphakathi, inyama enamafutha, luhlaza okotshani. Emaphethelweni e-fetus kukhona ithambo elikhulu, eliyindilinga, elinombala onsundu, elifana ne-nati. Izithelo zinambitha ukukhanya, omuncu.
Qaphela! Ungowomndeni we-laurel. Ubungako obujwayelekile bezimodeli ezivuthiwe ziyi-10-20 cm ubude nama-2-12 cm ububanzi. Ekhaya, ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Endle kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-18, umuthi utholakala ngokushesha ukukhula.
Esitolo esiseduze ungathola lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-avocados wokukhula:
- I-Avocado Bacon. Izinhlobonhlobo zaseMexico zihlukaniswa ngethanga eliluhlaza elincanyana, elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka elinombala ophuzi, inyama emhlophe ophuzi, nethambo elikhulu. Izithelo ngokwazo ziphakathi nendawo.
- I-Avocado Hass. Isikhumba simnyama ngombala, kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela esimnyama. I-pulp iyi-tint eluhlaza okotshani, ukunambitheka kugcwele. Igcina ukuvuthwa isikhathi eside.
I-Avocado Hass
- U-Avocado Gwen. Cishe nxazonke ngesimo, sinesisindo kusuka ku-180 kuya ku-450g. Itshe alikhulu, inyama iphuzi-luhlaza, ukunambitheka kugcwele, kuthambile. I-peel i-pimply, ezithelo ezivuthiwe umbala oluhlaza ojulile.
- I-Avocado Fuerte. Izinhlobonhlobo zesikhumba esithambile, esiphakeme. I-pulp inamafutha, i-oily, iphuzi ngokugqamile noma igqamile, kuya ngendawo okulinywe kuyo.
- U-Avocado Ettinger. Inokunambitheka okumnandi, inyama ifana noshizi osetshenzwe, kwesinye isikhathi ngamacebiso wamantongomane zikaphayini. Ithambo likhulu, isikhumba sinciphile, sithambekele ekulimaleni.
Ukwakheka kwezithelo ezivuthiwe kugcwaliswa ngemishini yamahhala ehlukahlukene:
- I-30% yokwakheka ingamafutha emifino. Lona impahla eyinhloko yama-avocados, abalandeli bawo abathola umsoco omuhle bethanda ngawo. Amafutha ayondla umzimba, athuthukise isimo sezipikili, izinwele namathambo.
- Intambo Ikhuthaza ukugaya okuzinzile. Ihlanza umzimba, isuse ubuthi kanye nobuthi.
- Vitamin E. Igama layo lesibili yiBeauty Vitamin. Iqinisa isimo sesikhumba, ivuselela amaseli, iqinise izindonga zemithambo yegazi. Kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen ne-elastin, ukubukeka kuba mnandi.
- Vitamin C. Kuqinisa amasosha omzimba, asetshenziswa njenge-prophylaxis yamakhaza, umkhuhlane, i-tonsillitis.
- Amavithamini eqembu B. Ngokukhethekile, izithelo ze-avocado zigcwele uvithamini B6, osiza ukugcina ukusebenza komzimba womzimba futhi uhlanza amaseli egazi.
- I-Folic acid. Into eyingqayizivele yokusekela uhlelo lwezinzwa. Kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuthwala ingane.
- IVitamin K. isula ipheshana lomchamo, lihlakaze ama-neoplasms aqinile ezinso.
- I-Copper ne-potassium. Iwusizo ekugcineni ubunzima bemisipha, igcwalisa umzimba ngamaprotheni. I-potassium prophylactically isebenza ngesifo senhliziyo, ibuyisa i-myocardium.
Ama-Avocados athandwa amakhulu eminyaka, asanda kulethwa ezwenikazi lethu muva nje. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sithelo yiMexico naseMelika Ephakathi. AmaNdiya, ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kokunqotshwa kweMelika, ayekwazisa ukwakheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele namandla okudla okunempilo. Futhi kusukela eYurophu, naseRussia ikakhulukazi, isiko lokukhiqiza ukwatapheya alikakhiwa, abalimi be-amateur bajwayele ukutshala isitshalo ekhaya.
Imbewu evelele kakhulu ekhethiwe ngokutshala, igcwele amandla abalulekile futhi ihluma kangcono. Okokuqala, ithambo lifakwe emanzini ahlanzekile abilisiwe okushisa aphakathi. Akudingekile ukugcwalisa ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Itshe libekwa kufishi lika-gauze noma endwangu, libekwe ethangini. Phezulu kufanele kube nekhala elincane, futhi ingxenye ebanzi icwiliswa emanzini. Uketshezi kufanele lushiye ingxenye yesithathu yalo ingakathintwa.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo siqhume ngokushesha, ungenza izimbobo ezincane ezimbalwa ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-3 mm egobolondini, ngokwesibonelo, ngenalithi, ufake amazinyo okubopha kuwo, ulungisa ithambo emoyeni nazo. Noma ngezinhloso ezifanayo, sebenzisa amatshe abamba okutshala kude nge-1-2 cm ukusuka ezansi tank.
Ukutshala amathambo ezinzipho zamazinyo
Amalahle (njengenketho, ocushiwe) amalahle ancibilikiswa izinga lokukhula, kepha lokhu akudingekile. Intwasahlobo isikhathi esihle sokutshala. Inqubo yokuqala izovela esikhathini esingangesonto iye ezinyangeni ezi-2.
Imbewu itshalwa emhlabathini lapho ihlumela lifinyelela ku-3 cm ukuphakama. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala, kwanele ukuba nebhodwe elincane, elingezansi kwalo lidonswe kububanzi beminwe. Ama-Avocados awathandi ukuma kwamanzi ezimpandeni.
Ungayinakekela kanjani ukwatapheya ekhaya
I-Avocado yisihlahla esidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ekhaya. Udinga ukudala umbuso ofanele wokushisa, ahlinzeke ukukhanyisa okusezingeni eliphakeme, ukuchelela nokugqoka okuphezulu.
Ukushisa
Isitshalo sisetshenziselwa ukuthela izithelo esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ngakho-ke umoya osekamelweni lapho kumi khona akumele ube ngaphansi kuka +16 ° C. Ehlobo kukhulu + 22 + 28, ebusika + 18 + 20 ° C. Ama-Avocados esaba i-hypothermia, angaqala ukulahla amaqabunga.
Isibani
Imbiza enethambo nehlumela ibekwa endaweni efudumele efudumele endlini. Uma lokhu kungekho, khona-ke ungakha izibani zokufakelwa usebenzisa izibani ze-ultraviolet. Ama-Avocados adinga isikhathi sokukhanya okungenani samahora ayi-15.
Ukunisela
Umhlaba osembizeni kufanele ube umswakama. Akunasidingo sokuzalela manzi, ukwatapheya awukuthandi lokhu. Ehlobo, ukomisa umphezulu waphezulu kuvunyelwe, noma kunjalo, uma uzwa ukuthi ingxenyeni engaphansi yokujula kwe-phalanx yomunwe, lapho-ke umhlaba lapho kufanele ube nomswakama. Ukudonsa amanzi kusindisa ngisho nezimpande kusuka kumswakama glut.
Ukufafaza
Uma ufafaza lesi sitshalo, khona-ke kuvela amabala angabonakali emafini, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza ngaphandle kwale nqubo.
Kubalulekile! Isisetshenziswa sokuphefumula somoya sisetshenziselwa ukugcina umswakama. Noma ungathela ubumba olwandisiwe epallet bese ulumanzisa.
Inhlabathi
Umhlaba we-avocados kufanele ube nomoya, uvunyelwe ukuthola amanzi nezakhi zomzimba, udinga ukunakekela ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu. Inhlabathi enhle yamawolintshi. Futhi inhlanganisela eyenziwe ekhaya y peat, isihlabathi, iqabunga nomhlaba we-turf.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukunakekela isitshalo kubandakanya ukondla ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwezimbali - kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba. Kwanele ukusebenzisa izingxube zokudla okwenziwe ngomumo ezenzelwe izitshalo zika-citrus kanye ngenyanga.
Ebusika, isitshalo sidinga ukuchelela amahlandla ama-2 ngaphansi kwehlobo. Kukhona ikhefu emsebenzini wokukhula, isitshalo se-avocado esingaphakathi asivezi izithelo nezimbali ngalesi sikhathi. Umuthi nawo ngeke udinge ukondliwa. Kwanele ukuqapha ukuguqulwa kokukhanya.
Isihlahla se-Avocado
I-Avocado iqhakaza kakhulu, ngisho nasezimeni zemvelo. Ekhaya, ungaphawula izimbali zokuqala ze-nondescript eminyakeni engama-5-7 ngemuva kokutshala ithambo. Kungenzeka ukuvusa izimbali ngaphambili, ngoba lokhu udinga ukutshala isitshalo. Labo abanenhlanhla kanye ne-avocado eqhakazile kuyodingeka benze impova bebodwa ngebrashi ukuze bathole izithelo.
Uma isitshalo siqhakaza, kuvame ukwenzeka entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Izinhlobo zezimbali
Ku-avocado, izimbali ziqoqwa ngamakhekhe emikhawulweni yamagatsha. Izimbali zinombala omhlophe oluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi. Ama-petals e-avocado egelezayo mancane, ahlelwe ngama-inflorescence ngasekupheleni kwegatsha.
Ungathela kanjani izithelo ekhaya
Ezimweni eziningi, isihlahla se-avocado asivezi izithelo ekhaya. Kunamaphesenti amancane okuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule izithelo ezivuthwa ziye esifundeni esihle uma zigonyiwe. Umuthi omncane onomqhele omuhle opholile usetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa.
Ukuze induku ende ingakhuli ekhaya esikhundleni somuthi omuhle, udinga ukuphina i-avocado. Amahlumela aqhamuka phezulu futhi amagatsha esiqu esikhulu ayanqunywa. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo sizodubula sibheke phezulu bese sakhe umqhele omuhle wamaqabunga. Isikhathi sokuqala inqubo yenziwa lapho amahlamvu ayi-8 ekhula esihlahleni. Amahlumela amasha angahlulwa uma kukhona okungenani amaqabunga ama-5.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukwatapheya kuphumula phezulu kwephahla, isitshalo sizofa, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe.
Kunezindlela eziningana zendabuko zokwandisa ukwatapheya: ukusika, kusuka ezinhlamvwini, nakwabanye.
Ukuhluma kwembewu
Izihlahla ze-Avocado zithela kakhulu izithelo, futhi uma unenhlanhla, ungasebenzisa imbewu evela esithelweni esisha ukuze ikhiqizwe kabusha.
Ukusika kwe-midzi
Izimbambo azivame ukunika izimpande, kwenzeka ngesisodwa nje kweziyi-10. Izitshalo zabantu abadala zingasetshenziselwa inqubo, iminyaka engama-2-3.
Ezinye izindlela
Inhlanyelo ingandiswa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- 2/3 ukuyiphonsa emanzini;
- 2/3 ukumba emhlabathini bese uyinisela kahle;
- faka uboya bekotini obumanzi noma i-rag, linda kuze kube yilapho igobolondo likhipha ukuqhekeka, bese uyibeka emhlabathini.
Ama-Avocados akhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Impande yesitshalo inamandla futhi ithatha indawo eningi ebhodweni. Kuzodingeka ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kaningi, ikakhulukazi iminyaka yokuqala eyi-2, usebenzisa imbiza enkulu isikhathi ngasinye.
Kubalulekile! Isitsha lapho kukhula khona i-avocado kufanele sithuthukiswe ukuze impande kanye nenhlabathi kuhlangane futhi kungaphazamiseki.
Kuyaphazamisa ukuthutha isitshalo, impande ayikwazi ukulimala. Ngakho-ke, idluliselwa ngokucophelela kusuka ebhodweni elilodwa kuya kwelinye. Futhi ufafaze ngaphezulu kwengqimba eyengeziwe yomhlaba ne-humus.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni ukwatapheya
Yiziphi izinkinga ngokusayinwa kwamaqabunga:
- Amacembe awile. Ngokunokwenzeka, kwakukhona i-hypothermia yesitshalo. Hlola izinga lokushisa lomoya futhi unganiseleli isihlahla ngamanzi abandayo.
- Amathiphu amaqabunga omile. Lokhu kusuka ekushiseni, udinga ukumanzisa isitshalo kaningi.
- Amacembe aba mnyama. Akukho ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele noma inhlabathi ayivundiswanga kahle futhi kudingeka amavithamini.
Isifo
Kwesinye isikhathi ukuvela kwenhlamvu kufakwa emaqabungeni e-avocado. Kusho ukuthi isikhunta sesitholakele, futhi amaqabunga embozwe amazolo afakwe ngaphakathi. Iphathwa nge-fungicides (ingxube yeBordeaux, i-chloride yethusi).
Izinambuzane
Ukusuka esikalini, lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngokubulala izinambuzane. Ungayifaka emhlabathini noma ufafaze amaqabunga.
Lapho kuvela isimbu sesicabucabu, ukucubungula akungeni nge-avocado kuphela, kodwa futhi nakho konke okuseceleni kwayo. Sebenzisa lezi zinhloso zidinga ama-acaricides.
Umuthi wabantu abadala
Ezinye izinkinga
Inkinga evamile yalesi sitshalo ukungaphuzi okufika sekwedlule isikhathi, noma kunalokho, ukhunta othinta impande. Ngaphezu ekufeni kwezimpande, isiqu sesitshalo siyathinteka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke, ngeshwa, ngeke kubuyiswe.
Mhlawumbe imininingwane yokuthi ukulindela izithelo e-avocado ekhaya bekungasho lutho ukudumaza umuntu. Kepha unake ukuthi yiziphi izihlahla ezinhle ezikhula ezinhlanyelweni. Bazohlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi futhi bacebise umoya nge-ozone.
