Indlela yokutshala nokukhula i-Arenaria (i-Peschanka intaba)

Abanikazi beziqephu zangasese bavame ukuba nenkinga - indlela yokufihla emaphethelweni wezimoto, izindawo eziseduze nocingo, ukuze izitshalo zingathinteki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngifuna ukulondoloza ubuqotho bokubunjwa nokugwema ukuhambisana kombala. Kulesi simo, imbali encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-gerbil noma i-arenaria ingasiza, ongayifunda kabanzi mayelana nayo.

Incazelo ye-botanical

I-Peschanka noma i-Arenaria (i-Arenaria - ekuhunyushweni okuvela kwisiLatini "isihlabathi") utshani lomndeni wamaKhove, okungaba unyaka owodwa, iminyaka emibili noma isikhathi eside. I-gerbil ifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-3 kuya kwangu-30 cm, kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo, amahlumela asontekile, amahlumela ezinwabuzelayo emhlabathini angekho.

Ubude bamaqabunga buvela ku-2.5 mm kuya ku-1.5 cm, ukuma kwawo kungafana ne-lancet, i-oval noma i-ellipse. I-Arenaria blooms kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ku-Juni ngezimbali ezincane, ngokuvamile zibomvu, ngezinye izikhathi zibomvu ezibomvu noma ziphaphathekile ezibomvu zimibalabala, izimbali eziningi.

Izimbali zinezinhlamvu ezingu-5, ngaphansi kwazo ezikhula ama-sepals angu-5 mayelana no-0.5 cm ngobukhulu, zikhona phezulu kweziqu, zingobabili bobulili. Ngaphakathi ukhula cishe ngama-stamens angu-10 no-3 pistils. Ekupheleni kwezimbali izithelo zakhiwa ngesimo sebhokisi elinamazinyo ekugcineni, phakathi kwawo kukhona imbewu engaba ngu-0.5 mm ngobukhulu, hhayi amafutha.

Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala

I-Arenaria ikhula ezindaweni ezinokushisa okubandayo noma ngokufudumele, kaningi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, ikakhulukazi ezintabeni ezintweni ezishisayo. Ingatholakala eBalaaric Islands, eCorsica, ezintabeni zaseFrance, ePortugal, eSpain, ePyrenees, eMpumalanga Siberia, eCentral naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.

Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-gerbil

Kukhona izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-270 zezitshalo ezaziwa, okuvamile kuzo:

1. Intaba iPerchanka (Arenaria montana) - ukuphakama kuze kufike ku-15 cm, ububanzi bufike ku-50 cm, ubude bufike ku-2 cm ubude ngendlela ye-lancet, i-peduncle kuze kufike ku-20 cm, izimbali ezimhlophe zibe ngu-2.5 cm ubukhulu. Ungakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa elingama -35 ° C, elivamile ezintabeni zasePortugal, eFrance , ESpain, idinga umanyolo we-calcium.
2. Ibhuloho le-Balearian (Arenaria balearica) - igama layo livela endaweni yokukhula - i-Balearic Islands, eCorsica. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kufinyelela ku-3 cm, ububanzi - 50 cm, amaqabunga - 3 mm, izimbali ezimhlophe - 1 cm, ama-peduncles - 4 cm, ukubuka kufana nokusa. Ikhetha indawo enezintambo ezimanzi, lapho ilanga eliqondile elingawa khona, lingama-frost.
3. Gerbil olubomvu noma obomvu (Arenaria purpurascens) - Okungavamile kwayo izimbali zombala obomvu-obomvu obungu-1 cm usayizi, obonakala phakathi kwehlobo. Amaqabunga alesi sihlahla akhula ngesitshalo se-10 cm high. Lesi sitshalo sikhula sibe ububanzi obungama-20 cm ububanzi. Sikhula emaPyrenees.
4. I-Gerbil flower (i-Arenaria grandiflora) - Kubonakala sengathi intaba, kodwa izimbali zikhulu.
5. I-sandpit tetrahedral (i-Arenaria tetraquetra) - ikhula ePyrenees yaseSpain endaweni engaba ngu-2 km. Esikhathini esingaba ngu-3 cm kukhona amaqabunga aluhlaza, aqoqwe kuma-rosettes futhi atholakale e-crosswise emigqeni ehlukahlukene ngaphansi komunye nomunye. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izimbali eziningana ezimhlophe zivela phezulu. Ngenxa yokubuka okuthakazelisayo, noma yiliphi idiza lensiza elikwazi ukuhlobisa ngisho nalapho kuphuma ukukhazimula.
6. I-Sandstone bokotsvetnaya (i-Arenaria lateriflora) - Lesi sitshalo sikhula kufika ku-40 cm, izimbali ziphezu kwentwasahlobo ephethe izimbali ezimhlophe ezilinganiselwa ku-5 mm ubukhulu, ezibekwe eziqongweni zeziqu eziningana ezinqabeni ezide. Amaqabunga ahlaza, amancane, ubude abufinyelela ku-5 cm.
7. I-Thyme noma i-thyme leaf (Arenaria serpyllifólia) - ikhula emazingeni ahlanzekile emazweni aseYurophu naseNtshonalanga Asia, naseNyakatho Melika. I-erect ifika ku-15 cm ukuphakama (kancane kancane kuya kufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm) ihlanganiswe ngama-crystal aqinile kanye namafoloko engxenyeni engenhla. Amaqabunga afana neqanda.

   Uyazi? Ukuze ukhethe i-gerbil efana ne-gerbil flower (Arenaria musciformis), udinga ukukhuphukela endaweni ephakeme ye-6,218 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.
8. I-gerbil enobubele (i-Arenaria gracilis) - lezi zinhlobo zibhekene nokukhula okuncane kweziqu, amaqabunga amancane nezimbali ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. I-carpet encane yemifino ihlanganisa umhlaba.
9. Iqabunga le-sandpit nxazonke (Arenaria rotundifolia) - Ubude obude, amaqabunga aluhlaza, nxazonke, izimbali akuzona ezinkulu, ezimhlophe.
10. I-Peschanka ezimbili-leaved (Arenaria biflora) - Iziqu zihlangene, amaqabunga amancane, i-lanceolate, ehlelwe ngababili ngokuphambene. Vimba ngezimbali ezimhlophe, isikhungo siphuzi.

Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape

I-Arenaria isetshenziselwa kakhulu ekudalweni kwezwe, ngenxa yokuthi ikhono layo lokumboza umhlabathi futhi ngaleyo ndlela lifihle izindawo ezingaqondakali. Kunzima ukuwunyathelisa, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ukubeke ngezikhathi phakathi kwe-slabs, eceleni kwamaphethelo emigwaqo.

Insimu yakho izobe ihlotshwe kahle ngalezi zitshalo ezinomsoco njenge-cypress euphorbia, i-carnation pinnate, i-volovik, i-gelipterum, i-imperator cylindrical, i-levkokorina, i-veronikustum, i-canary, i-bidens, i-bookfoot, i-yasnotka, i-penstemon ne-aster e-alpine.

Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe emasimini edwaleni, ama-Rockeries, emasimini, eduze kwemingcele, izicingo, emithambekeni, izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinkulu zingatshalwa neziqhingi. UGerbil ubheka kahle embiza.

Ukuhambisana okuhle kwezitshalo nge:

• i-lithophyte;
• i-gentian;
• i-alpine i-flaxseed;
• i-saxifrage;
• zhivuchkoy;
• ibutho;
• umjunipha;
• izinsimbi;
• i-periwinkle.

Ukukhula nokunakekela i-gerbil

I-arenarium iyahlukumeza izimo zokuboshwa, kodwa ezinye izikhohlisi zikhona ekunakekeleni.

Izimo zokuboshwa

I-Gerbil gerbil ingcono ezindaweni ezinenani lamatshe noma imfucumfucu, emithambekeni. Izinhlobo eziningi zibekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga, kodwa ezinye (isibonelo, purple and Balearic) zikhethe umthunzi.

Ngokutshala ekhaya, udinga ukukhetha izimbiza ezingajulile zokuphakama okufanele, ukuze kube nethuba lokukhula. Ukukhanya, lesi sitshalo asifuni, singakhula efasiteleni, ibhaluni, udonga. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, isitshalo kumele sihlanjululwe ngezimbali ezifakwe emanzini, ungakwazi ukusika iziqu kancane ukuthuthukisa ukuma.

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Inhlabathi ye-gerbil ingaba yomibili ne-alkaline, kepha lokhu kungcono. I-Arenaria ikhula kahle emhlabathini onesihlabathi. Ihlanganiswa ne-humus, amanzi asetshenziselwa phansi ama-shell - ama-shell, ama-tuff, amatshe amancane, ama-travertine, isihlabathi esinamalahle.

Sincoma ukufunda ngezinhlobo zenhlabathi ezikhona, indlela yokuthuthukisa inhlabathi yokuzala, indlela yokuzikhethela ngokuzimela ukuthi i-acidity yomhlabathi kusayithi, nokuthi ungayikhipha kanjani inhlabathi.

Gcwalisa inhlabathi kabili ngonyaka, bese uthayipha kanye ngonyaka. Esikhathini sokuqala ukufakelwa kwenkambu akukwazi ukugcina iminyaka engama-5. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukuvela kokhula uhlale ukhula, kungenjalo isitshalo sizofa.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Ukunisela kuqhutshwa izikhathi eziningana ngeviki, ukuvimbela ukumile okugcwele kwenhlabathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo akunakwenzeka ukuvumela umswakama okhulayo ukuze ungawoli. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo siphuziswa kancane kancane ngamanzi amancane. Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa ukuba ifake.

Uhlobo lokushisa

Njengoba ubuciko be-gerbil ukuthi bukhula emvelweni ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, kubuye kubekezelele izinga lokushisa okuphansi ezindaweni zokuzala ekhaya.

Kubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo singasala ukuba sihlale sihlaziyekile ensimini futhi singesabi ukukhanda. Akesabi izinguquko zokushisa ngokuzumayo ngesimo se-frosts entwasahlobo.

Flower ukukhiqizwa

Ungakwazi ukusakaza i-arenarium:

• imbewu;
• ukuxhunyelelwa;
• ukuhlukana kwehlathi.

Imbewu

Kunezikhathi ezimbili ezikhona zokutshala imbewu yezitshalo:

1. Ukuphela kukaNovemba - phakathi kukaJanuwari. Ukungafani kwale ndlela ukuthi imbewu itshalwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe ukujula okungaba ngu-5 mm bese ishiya kulesi simo ekamelweni elifudumele (+ 20 ° C) amasonto amabili, ngaphandle kokumboza. Khona-ke ibhodlela lihlanganiswe ngefilimu ye-polyethylene futhi likhishwe emgwaqweni noma lifakwe esiqandisini kuze kube sekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni eliphansi kunezingu-3 ° C futhi hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-5 ° C). Khona-ke ibhodlela lilethwa ekhaya futhi lishiywe ukuze lihlume.
2. Ukuphela kukaJanuwari. Imbewu yesitshalo ifakwa emhlabathini, isitsha sigcwele ifilimu, sidluliselwe endaweni ebandayo amaviki ayisithupha kuya kwangu-7, emva kwalokho ivumelekile ukuba ihlume ekamelweni elifudumele.

Vegetative

Indlela yokutshala imifino ihlanganisa ukusakaza nge-cuttings nokuhlukanisa isihlahla. I-first of these is rarely used, since the gerbil has amahlumela omncane kakhulu futhi amancane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usike ama-cuttings bese uwafaka emgodini ngamanzi kuze kube izimpande, bese usutshalwa kabusha.

Kubalulekile! Ukhiqizwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla ngeke kwenzeke ngesikhathi sezimbali.

Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo umhlabathi uphuziswa ngokuzungeze lesi sitshalo, isihlahla sikhishwa ngokucophelela, sibheke ngefosholo futhi sinakekele ukulimaza izimpande. UGerbil uhlukaniswe izingxenye futhi watshala ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Ukuze kungalimazi konke okunye kwesitshalo, ama-cuttings anqunywa ngemva kokuqhakaza komhlaka ngoJulayi noma ngo-Agasti.

Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni

Inqubo yokukhula i-gerbil ingabhekana nezinkinga ezinjalo:

1. Imbewu ende ayihlwanyeli - udinga ukulinda, ukuhluma kwembewu kwenzeka ngesitshalo kancane kancane.
2. Amahlumela ahluma kancane - lokhu kuyinkinga yesici.
3. Ngenxa yesimo sabo esifushane, bangathathwa njengokhula nokhula.
4. Uma izitshalo zonyaka zitshalwe eduze kwebala, zingathatha indawo yazo ngonyaka ozayo.
5. Uma ukhula alulwanga ukhula, i-gerbil ngeke isakhula ngokugcwele.
6. Ingafa ngokuphuza ngokweqile.

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

I-Arenaria ingaba ngaphansi kwezifo ezinjalo:

1. Ukugqwala - ama-tubercles ombala obomvu ezinxenyeni eziluhlaza zezitshalo, ezigcwele powder obomvu. I-Bordeaux liquid, i-colloidal sulfur isetshenziselwa ukulwa. Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka, inqwaba eluhlaza ihlwanyelwe emaphethelweni ensimu - izihlahla ezinomqhele obukhulu.

   Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungabhubhisa kanjani izimboni.

2. Umlenze omnyama - i-fungus ehlasela izitshalo, isibonakaliso sombala omnyama we-stem ezansi kwesitshalo. Ukuze kuvikelwe inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kuphathwa nge-potassium permanganate, ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu, i-acidity ephansi ye-lime. Kumele uhambisane nesilinganiso lapho unisela, ugwema kokubili ukwedlulela kanye nesomiso. Lesi sitshalo sibuthakathaka umoya omile ngaphakathi ekamelweni nokuqina okukhulu.
3. Ukuthelela igciwane lesitshalo - kubantu, lezi amagciwane aziyingozi, zithwala izinambuzane. Lezo zitshalo ezinomdlavuza zikhona.

Uyazi? Ku-1 ithisipuni yamanzi olwandle kunamagciwane ayizigidi ezingu-1.

I-spider mite iyingozi kumazinambuzane ezitshalo, ibonakala njengamabala amhlophe namacwebhu amancane. Kodwa-ke, ayikubekezeli izinga lokushisa elincane futhi uphefa amanzi ajwayelekile.

Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi wazi kabanzi ngezincazelo ezihlukahlukene zezinambuzane zesicabucabu, nokufunda ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo.

I-gerbil ayikwazi ukufihla inzuzo nje kuphela izindawo ezingaqondakali kumklamo wezwe, kodwa izobukeka kahle ekubunjweni. Lesi akusona isitshalo esingenasisekelo, singakhula ekhaya. Inzuzo enkulu yikhono lokubekezelela ukubandayo. Kodwa-ke, landela izidingo zokunisela okulinganiselwe, futhi ukhula ukhula ukhula kahle.