Ukuhlobisa indlu noma ukuvuselela ingaphakathi, kusetshenziswa izitshalo zasendlini. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yi-violets. AmaSenpolies, njengoba abizwa ngama-botanists, amahle kakhulu, kepha asengcupheni, adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokunakwa okuthe xaxa. Okuyingozi kakhulu yizifo nezinambuzane ezivelayo ngenxa yezimo ezingafanele zokuboshwa. Izifo zeViolet zingakhonjwa ngokuvela kwesitshalo. Umgomo wokushintsha umbala nokwakheka kwamaqabunga, izimbali, nohlelo lwezimpande kungakhombisa inkinga ethile. Uhlu lwezifo nezilokazane likhulu, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuthola imbangela.
Izici ezijwayelekile zesitshalo
UViolet unokubukeka okukhangayo. Isihlahla esincane ngeke sithathe isikhala esiningi, futhi inqubo yezimbali izomangaza ngokuhlukahluka kwayo. Incazelo eningiliziwe ye-senpolia:
- isihlahla esiyi-10-15 cm ubude;
- i-rosette iqukethe izihlosi eziningana eziluhlaza okotshani, ezi-fluffy eziya emaqabungeni wokuthinta;
- i-serared plate frill, eluhlaza okotshani ukukhanya okuluhlaza ngombala;
Sick violet
- ububanzi bepheshana bungasukela ku-2 cm kuye ku-10 cm;
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuvela i-peduncle, phezu kwalokho kwakhiwa khona i-inflorescence yamahlumela amaningi;
- uhlelo lombala lwama-buds lungahluka. Ukwakheka, ubukhulu kanye nokugcwala kwama-petals kungumuntu ngamunye ezinhlotsheni zonke.
Ngenqubo yentuthuko, ukukhula nezimbali, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Imvamisa lokhu kuwukuwohloka ekubonakaleni kwesitshalo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, imbali ingafa nokufa. Izizathu zesisindo yizifo, izifo, izilokazane.
Izici zangaphandle zesitshalo
Kungani ama-violets ephenduka amaqabunga aphuzi
Kunenkinga ngengxenye yesitshalo esemoyeni, ikakhulukazi, amaqabunga ashintsha umbala. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani amaqabunga e-violet ephenduka aphuzi:
- ukuthambisa njalo;
- substrate ekhethwe ngokungafanele;
- ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba emhlabathini;
- indawo engafanele yokubeka imbiza;
- ukuguqulwa kwemvelo kwesembozo samaqabunga;
- isidingo sokufakelwa ngenxa yokuguga kwezimbali;
- amaqabunga angakhanya bese ephenduka aphuzi - lokhu kuwuphawu lwezinga lokukhanya okungalungile.
Amaqabunga aphuzi
Ukulungisa lesi simo, kwanele ukushintsha indawo ebhodwe, ukufakelwa kuyo, nokuguqula isimo sokunisela ngenkasa.
Kungani amahlamvu esonta ngaphakathi
Kwenzeka ukuthi i-violet ishiye ukhula ngezizathu ezingaziwa. Inkinga enjalo ingadala ukufa kwembali. Kungani ama-violets aphenduka amaqabunga ngaphakathi ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-senpolia:
- ngokweqile izakhamzimba ku-substrate;
- ukuchelela kaningi;
- izinambuzane ezingene ngaphansi kweqabunga;
- ukufakelwa okungalungile kokuhluma;
- Ukukhanya okungafanele.
Kushiya
Ukuze ipuleti leshidi liyeke ukonakala, udinga ukubheka ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo bese ulungisa imibandela yokuboshwa.
Amaqabunga anamabala: izizathu
Kwesinye isikhathi amabala anemibala ehlukene avela emafulethini, angatholwa azungeze lonke uhlangothi lwengxenye yesitshalo. Lokhu kuvela kaningi kakhulu ezicatshisweni zasendlini.
Ngemininingwane! Ukuqonda imbangela yamabala, udinga ukubacabanga ngengilazi ekhulisayo. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-senpolia asayina ngale ndlela kwesinye isisusa sangaphandle.
Izinhlaka ezinamaqabunga ama-violet zingavela ngenxa yezizathu eziningi:
- ipuleti lingambozwa amabala ansundu, atholakala ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Lokhu kuyasha;
- kulezo zindawo lapho amaconsi amanzi ewela emaqabungeni, indawo engaphezulu ingaba mnyama, bese ethola umbala ohlukile;
- uma indawo yezimbali isekungalungiswa, kuzovela ukwakheka okumnyama emaqabungeni.
Amaqabunga anamabala
Ukuqedwa kwezingxenye ezonakele kungasindisa lesi sitshalo ekufeni okusondele.
Kusho ukuthini uma amaqabunga e-violet eba okubabayo
Isimo singaba yingozi empilweni yezimbali lapho isiqu siqala ukulahleka, ingxenye esemuva imbali yangaphakathi iba ngokuzumayo. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu kubuna:
- ukutheleleka ngefungal kwangena ezingxenyeni ezingalashwa;
- ukulimala okukhulu kwemishini;
- ukubonakala kwezinambuzane ezidla ujusi we-senpolia;
- Izimo zokushisa ezingalungile zesitshalo;
- isifo sokulimaza sekwephuzile nesifo se-fusarium, lapho amabala anemibala yokugqwala abonakala khona.
Naka! Uma kwenzeka ukufakelwa okusha kusanda kwenziwa, imbangela kungaba ukushiswa kwempande yesitshalo ngamanyolo afakwe enhlabathini. Kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukusindisa i-senpolia.
Amacembe aqoshwe
Umbuzo uvame ukuvela lapho ama-violets enamaqabunga avilaphayo, ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze ukuvuselela isitshalo. Isixazululo esizedlula zonke ukuguquguquka. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, zonke izingxenye zezinhlelo zezimpande nezingaphezulu komhlaba zingabhekwa. Susa izingxenye ezithambile bese udlulisa izinsalela zembewu esitsheni esisha.
Kungani amaqabunga ephenduka amhlophe njengofulawa
I-plaque emhlophe kuma-violets ijwayelekile, ngoba isifo esithinta isitshalo sivame kakhulu. Kuvela ipani emaqabungeni, okuvela kude kufana nefulawa efafazwe emithini. I-powdery isikhutha. Izizathu zokubonakala kwaso:
- umswakama omkhulu egumbini;
- lokushisa okungafanele egumbini;
- ukuthambisa ngokweqile;
- ukunakekelwa kwezimbali okungekuhle endlini;
- ukuba khona kwezitshalo ezithelelekile endaweni engaba amamitha ambalwa. Ngisho nemiphetho ethinta inhliziyo ingasidlulisela ku-typimen enempilo lesi sifo.
I-Powdery hlobo
Nakani! Okokuqala, i-plaque ihlanganisa tiers ephansi, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kuba nzima ukuthola inkinga ngesikhathi.
Uma i-violet iphela, yiziphi izifo ezingaba imbangela
Uma ekuqaleni amaqabunga ephenduka ephuzi ku-violet, bese ihlathi lonke liqala ukubuna, khona-ke inkinga ingahle ibe ekunikezelweni okungalungile, indawo ebhodweni, umanyolo wenhlabathi. Uma kungenazizathu ezibonakalayo zokufenda, khona-ke imbangela ingaba yilesi sifo:
- ukhunta;
- ukubola kwesistimu yezimpande;
- i-bacteriosis;
- ukulinyazwa sekwephuzile;
- I-Fusarium
- ukubola okungwevu.
Konke kuya ngesimo sokuqala sembali. Hhayi njalo ngenxa yalesi sifo, lesi sitshalo siyafa, ngoba kungenzeka ukwelashwa ngesikhathi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela izifo kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa
Ukuze ungalethi i-violet esimweni esibucayi, kungakuhle ukuthi wenze izindlela zokuvimbela ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuhambisana nokujwayelekile kwezimo zokuzalelwa kwe-senpolia. Ungasusa izifo kanye nezinambuzane ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile zokukhubaza inhlabathi nezitshalo ngokwazo.
Ukuvikelwa kwezifo
Ukulwa kungenzeka kube nokufakelwa kokuqala kwesibonelo.
Bacteriosis
Ukuphuzi nokusika kwesitshalo kungenzeka ngenxa ye-bacteriosis. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu futhi singathinta kabi isimo sesihlahla. Amagciwane angakhuphuka enhlabathini, esembizeni. Kwesinye isikhathi amagciwane aqhamuka kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezijwayelekile.
I-Powdery hlobo
Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuba mhlophe, afane ne-powder kusuka kufulawa, khona-ke kunezimpawu zokutheleleka ngefungus. Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwe-powdery isikhutha, udinga ukusula ibhodwe ne-pallet, vumela inhlabathi ebhodweni, ungangehli izinga lokushisa lekamelo libe ngu-18 ° C.
Uma i-Powdery isikhutha yenzekile kuma-violets, ungabhekana kanjani nenkinga ekhaya? Ukucutshungulwa kwengxenye yesitshalo nge-fungicide benlat noma i-foundationazole. Okokuqala, ukutheleleka ngefungal kuzoba umbala ngombala, ekugcineni kunyamalale ngokuphelele.
Ukubola okumpunga
Kulokhu, ukutheleleka kukhuphuka emhlabathini - kukhona inqwaba yesikhunta se-pathogenic enhlabathini. Ukuze ama-microorganisms angasebenzi, kuyadingeka ukufeza i-prophylaxis: gcina izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile, umswakama, uhlele ukuthambisa ngokuya ngohlelo.
Ukubola okumpunga
Ngenkambiso yokuqalwa kwesifo, ungabona i-grey coating, ikhuphuka isuka enkabeni yokuphuma, okuthi lapho-ke iqale ukuba mnyama. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha noma ukumisa inhlabathi ebhodweni, phatha izimpande nge-fungicide bese uphinde utshale i-senpolia.
Ukubola kwezimpande
Uma isitshalo siphakamisa i-rosette enamaqabunga phezulu, inkinga isemhlabathini. Uma inhlabathi ilahlekelwa yi-acidity, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yokubola kwezimpande. Esikhathini senqubo yokukhula nokukhula kwesifo se-fungal ku-substrate, ukugula kukhuphuka okuphezulu, okuthinta ingxenye yomhlabathi.
Ukususa ukubola kwezimpande, udinga ukudlulisa i-senpolia kwesinye isitsha esine-substrate entsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukusika kuqala izindawo ezilimele, hlamba impande kusisombululo esikhethekile segciwane.
Izifo zokukhunta
Amabala aphuzi, abonakalayo futhi ansundu emaqabungeni e-violets awukubonakaliswa kwezifo zokukhunta ezithinte i-violet. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungaba nezimpawu zesibili: isiqu nayo yonke ingxenye yomoya iqala ukoma, khona-ke isitshalo siyafa bese sifa.
Udinga ukubhekisisa kahle isihlahla sesitshalo esakhiwe endlini. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-disinfectants akhethekile nabafayo. Noma iyiphi indawo ekhanyayo kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela ama-parasites.
I-Fusarium
Uma kunezindawo ezinamanzi emaphethelweni amaqabunga, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sithinteka yi-Fusarium fungal spore. Kulokhu, akusizi ngalutho ukwelapha i-Saintpaulia - imbali izokufa.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ungatheleleki ezimeni ezisele, udinga ukuphonsa imbiza kanye nenhlabathi kanye nesihlume esifile.
Downy isikhutha
I-Powdery mildew kuma-violets izibonakalisa cishe ngendlela efanayo nejwayelekile. Umehluko kuphela ukuba khona kwezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezikhanyayo eziluhlaza emaqabungeni kanye nesiqu sesitshalo. Ukwahluka okungafani kwalesi sifo kuphathwa ngendlela efanayo nenkinga ejwayelekile.
Ezinye izifo
AmaSenpolias abucayi kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho athwalekela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla esinezimbali singathinta izinambuzane. Kungaba uthuli kanye nesikhala sesicabucabu, imikhaza, amacimbi.
AmaSenpolias amahle kakhulu futhi anhle, kepha angawohloka futhi aqhume ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isizathu salokhu yizifo nezinambuzane. Isifo ngasinye sinezimbangela zaso, kepha zonke zihlanganiswa ikakhulukazi nokunakekelwa okungafanele, izimo zokuphila ezingezinhle. Ukwelashwa esimweni ngasinye kwehlukile futhi kudinga indlela yomuntu ngamunye.
