I-Areca yesundu endaweni yemvelo ikhula ngokuthambekele okufudumele kakhulu, imvamisa ezindaweni ezishisayo. Kodwa ezifundeni zokushisa eziphansi ezisezingeni eliphansi, lukhula ngezimo zamakamelo. Isitshalo esingafani nalutho siletha ubuhle bendawo nokukhanya okusha ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke kugcinwa emafulethini, emahhovisi, emahholo ezikhungo zemfundo.
I-Areca yesundu - luhlobo luni lwembali
Isitshalo somndeni wakwa-Areca nomndeni wePalm sikhula esimweni semvelo emahlathini ashisayo omanzi kakhulu. Indawo yokukhula kwayo ikakhulu yiMalay naseSolomon Islands.
Ukunakekela i-areca kunemisindo eminingana.
Incazelo emfushane yokuthi ibukeka kanjani
I-Areca Palm noma i-Areca yisitshalo eside, esingasukela ezinhlobonhlobo, singasukela ku-40 cm kuya ku-10 m. Iziqu zaso eziqondile nezicashile zinamabala amancane ngesimo sezindandatho ezingasala kuwo lapho ipuleti leqabunga likhula. Amashidi ayakhuphuka futhi ahlelwe ngamabili ngababili ngaphezulu kwesiqu.
Nakani! I-Areca palm ine-inflorescence, okuvela kuyo lapho kuvela izithelo ezinembewu.
Izinhlobo eziphambili ze-Areca Palm
Naphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-areca (i-Areka) ngokwemvelo, zimbalwa izinhlobo zazo ezitshaliwe ekhaya.
I-Areca triandra (Areca triandra)
I-Triandra noma i-Trehtychinkovy ehlukahlukene emvelweni yemvelo ikhula eMpumalanga Asia. Lesi sitshalo sinesakhiwo esidonsa kabili futhi sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-3-4. Phezu kwamagatsha kukhona izibazi eziyindilinga ezimpawu ze-areca. Amapuleti amaqabunga aqondile awaguquki ngendlela ye-arc, njengamanye amamaki. Izithelo zinosayizi ongekho ngaphezu kuka-3 cm ubude.
I-Areca catechu (Areca catechu), noma i-betel yesundu
Le nhlobo yaziwa nangolunye igama - iBetel palm. Ezimweni zasendle, isiko likhula ikakhulukazi eziqhingini zaseMalay kanye nensimu yaseNdiya. Isiqu esincanyana nesiside sinobubanzi obungadluli ku-10 cm, futhi ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-5.
Amacembe we-cirrus eCatechu areca akhiwe ngendlela eyi-arc futhi ancike kancane phansi. Amahlamvu anele futhi enamabala endaweni yamahlumela. Kuma-sinuse aphansi wokuthatha isinqumo, kukhiqizwa ama-inflorescence amakhulu aphuzi ngesimo sam panicles, endaweni lapho kuvela khona izithelo ezisentimitha ezi-5 ezinembewu.
I-Yellow Areca (i-Areca lutescens)
Emvelweni yemvelo, lolu hlobo lwe-areca lutholakala ikakhulukazi eMalaysia. Mncane, kepha mude kakhulu, isiqu saso simbozwe ngezikali ezinjengendandatho. Amaqabunga e-cirrus aluhlaza agobile kancane ku-arc futhi abe nobude obuyi-40 cm, futhi ububanzi bawo bungama-3 cm kuphela.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Areca ekhaya
Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu nokushisa kothando lwe-shrub, ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kuyadingeka. Imisebenzi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kepha kufanele yenziwe njalo futhi ngokuya ngezinqubo ezithile.
Ukukhanyisa nokushisa
Into esemqoka ekunakekeleni i-areca yesundu ekhaya ukuhambisana nombuso othile wokushisa nokukhanya.
Isihlahla sidinga isibani eside kunazo zonke sosuku, kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlala isikhathi eside elangeni eliqondile. Kuze kube manje, imbiza icindezelwa kancane kude namafasitela ehlobo, kuthi ebusika, kunalokho, ifakwe ewindini.
I-Areca imbali ingabekezelela ukushisa ngo-60 ° C, kepha ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kuyithinta kabi impilo yayo. Kakade ku-0 ° C isitshalo sesiqala ukuphenduka siphuzi futhi somile. Imbiza enesihlahla sesundu kufanele igcinwe egumbini elinombuso wokushisa ongama-30 kuye kwangama-35 ° C.
Imithetho yokunisela nomswakama
Isundu alikubekezeleli umswakama omningi womhlabathi. Kufanele iniselwe kuphela uma ungqimba ophezulu wenhlabathi womile ngo-2-5 cm ngokujula. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kampompi we-chlorated ukwenza le nqubo akwemukeleki ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukuyivumela ukuba ime amahora angama-4-5 esitsheni esibanzi.
Kubalulekile! 2 amahora emva ukuchelela, kuyadingeka ukukhipha uketshezi ngokweqile olunqwabelene epanini.
U-Areca uzizwa evamile ngomswakama ojwayelekile wekamelo. Kodwa-ke, ebusika, ukufudumeza kwegumbi kudonsa umoya, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhulisa izinkomba zomswakama ngokwakho. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukufafaza isihlahla ngamanzi ahlanzekile nsuku zonke.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu nekhwalithi yenhlabathi
Kuyadingeka ukondla isihlahla kaningi njalo. Lokhu kwenziwa kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba kabili ngenyanga. Kungcono ukuthenga umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi owenzelwe ngqo izihlahla zesundu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukukhipha umanyolo ngamalungiselelo e-nitrogen.
Nakani! Ngaphezu kokugqoka izimpande, okungenani kanye ezinyangeni ezi-2 udinga ukondla ingxenye engenhla yesihlahla ngokulifafaza ngesisombululo somanyolo.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi ebhodweni kufanele kube ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- humus noma umquba;
- inhlabathi evundile eyisisekelo;
- i-perlite noma isihlabathi somfula.
Njengoba lesi sitshalo singakubekezeleli umswakama ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi kwetangi.
Ubukhulu Bombala Wembali
Ubukhulu besiqukathi buncike eminyakeni yobudala yesitshalo. Njengomthetho, eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala yokufakelwa, bachitha yonke intwasahlobo, bekhetha imbiza enkulu kunaleyo eyedlule. Isitshalo sinomqhele ophakeme futhi ohlutshiwe, ngakho-ke umthamo kumele ukhethwe ngobubanzi nangaphezulu. Noma kunjalo, imbiza enkulu kakhulu ayisifanele isitshalo esincane, imbali ngeke ikhule kuyo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba.
Ukunakekelwa kweqabunga
Ukuhlobisa kwesihlahla sesundu kulele ikakhulu emaqabungeni ayo amangalisayo, ngakho-ke kumele anakekelwe njalo. Kanye ngesonto udinga ukuzesula ngesula elimanzi eluthulini kanye nesifutho esivela ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Amapuleti abolile, aphuzi futhi omisiwe kufanele asuswe.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla sikamama
Izindlela zokusakazeka kwentende
I-Areca ingasakazwa ngembewu nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Indlela esheshayo futhi ethandwa kakhulu ukuhlukanisa i-shrub kanye nohlelo lwezimpande, kepha le ndlela yenziwa kuphela ngamatheki amadala.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izinto zokutshala zimanzi cishe imizuzu engama-20 kusisombululo sezakhi zomzimba kanye nesibulala magciwane. Imbewu ye-Areca itshalwe ebhokisini ngensimbi enempilo futhi eyisithako. Ukusuka ngaphezulu, kumele zimbozwe ngefilimu ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa emhlabeni. Isitsha sisale egumbini elimnyama kodwa elifudumele kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngezikhathi ezithile, kunconywa ukufudumala izithombo futhi kuthambisa inhlabathi.
Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Thatha isihlahla ebhodweni uhlukanise ngommese obukhali ube izingxenye eziningi.
- Ngokushesha batshale emabhodweni ahlukene.
- Moisturize inhlabathi bese ubeka iziqukathi ezifudumele futhi zivikeleke elangeni eliqondile.
Izifo ze-Areca
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ngenxa yokuqina komswakama, intende ivame ukugula ngezifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta. Ngokubola kwezimpande, ukubuna kwesihlahla kuqala futhi ukwakheka kwezindawo ezimnyama emaqabungeni. Imvamisa, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamaminerali enhlabathini, lesi sitshalo siqala ukubuna, futhi amahlamvu aso abe mancane. Ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni elivulekile, ukushiswa kuzovela nako.
Izinambuzane ezivamile zezihlahla zesundu:
- Ama-mealybugs we-Mealybugs - akhipha ama-mucus amhlophe emaqabungeni, aqala ukwenza mnyama futhi abhubhise izingxenye ezinamanzi zehlathi.
- Ama-Scaffolds - atholakala kumapuleti amaqabunga futhi ancela amajusi awo.
- Ama-Whiteflies - afana namabhubhu amhlophe amhlophe, atholakala emuva kwehlamvu lakhona futhi acasule ukoma kwalo nokusonteka kwalo.
- Izikhala zesicabucabu - gcina iwebhusayithi elincanyana. Kubukeka ngenxa yomoya owomile, ncela amajusi esihlahleni, uwenze womile futhi umise ukukhula.
Ukuze ulwe nezinambuzane eziyinambuzane, kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali akhethekile - ama-insecticides, phakathi kwawo ama-Actellik, Fitoverm no-Aktara asebenza ngempumelelo ikakhulukazi.
Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezihlotshiswe kakhulu nezixakile zezihlahla zesundu yi-areca, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya okubandakanya izinqubo ezithile. Imicimbi ilula, futhi abalimi abaqalayo bangabhekana nazo.
