Ngokuqinisekile akucaci indawo yokuzalwa ye-gooseberries. Abalobi abahlukahlukene babhala ngeNtshonalanga Yurophu, e-Afrika, eCaucasus, eMelika. Sineli berry elaziwa futhi elithandwa isikhathi eside. Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezintsha zivele ngendlela yokukhetha, kokubili lezo ezingatholakali kakhulu eziqhingini zethu, kanye nalabo abafuna njalo phakathi kwabalimi. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zokugcoba - "Kolobok".
Umlando we-ugqumugqumu ukhiqiza "Kolobok"
Ezihlukahlukene ziye zaziwa kusukela ngo-1988. Izwe lokuvela - i-USSR (i-RSFSR). Yakhiwe ochwepheshe be-VSTISP (i-All-Russian Breeding and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nurserymen). Ezihlukahlukene zadalwa ngo-1977 ngenkathi zidluliswa ezihlukahlukene "Pink 2" nezinhlobonhlobo "Shintsha", zavivinywa ngo-1988, ngemva kwalokho zangena kwirejista yombuso. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yetafula, edume ngokuzwakala kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokubili ifomu entsha futhi esetshenzisiwe. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-dessert, ama-pastries, amakhemikhali, ama-pastes, ama-juice, afanele ukukhanda.
Uyazi? "I-Kolobok "namuhla ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezivamile kwiRussia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS.
Izimpawu nezici zezinhlobonhlobo
Ugqumugqumu "Kolobok" unencazelo elandelayo: ehlathini eliluhlaza, olukhula ngamandla, oluthambile, olunamahlumela anamandla. Inesisindo (kuze kufike ku-3-4 g) futhi sikhulu (kuze kufike ku-7-8 g) amajikijolo angama-spherical noma ahlukaniswe kancane. Ibhisi elivuthiwe lingase lihlale lihlala ehlathini futhi lingaqhubeki. Umbala wamajikijolo unombala obomvu-obomvu. Inyama iyamanzi, ilukhuni, iyamnandi, inomunyu omncane; ikhasi - elidliwayo, elimnyama, elimnyama, ngaphandle kwesibhamu. 
Amaqabunga amancane, aguqulwa, aphansi-aphezulu-ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, phezu kobumnyama obumnyama obuhlaza obumnyama. Amahlumela anamandla. Ukukhwabanisa "Ukuguqulwa kwe-Gingerbread Man" kufinyelela ku-1.5 m, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo amagatsha esihlahla ahlala ehle kakhulu phansi, enza i-arc. Iziqu ezincane zibushelelezi, zixilile, zinamahlumela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zingaphandle kwamameva. Izinhlayiya zikhona kuphela kuma-internodes amaqabunga.
Izinzuzo kanye nokuqeda uketshezi "Kolobok"
Enye yezinzuzo ubumnandi obubusika obuhle obusika "i-Kolobok" (ebusika amahlathi awusizo ukuphefumula), kanye nokukhuthazela, ukungathobeki, isivuno esiqinile, ukumelana nezifo zokugulisa i-anthracnose kanye ne-powdery isikhutha. Ugqumugqumu "I-Kolobok" iyinhlobonhlobo yokuqala: Amajikijolo avuthiwe awela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi futhi ahlala kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
Uyazi? Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Kolobok" isetshenziselwa ukunqoba. Iwayini liyigugu lephunga layo elikhethekile nephunga elimnandi.
Umkhiqizo we-ugqumugqumu "i-Kolobok" - kufika ku-9-10 kg wezithelo ezivela ehlathini. Amajikijolo akuzona nje ezihlwabusayo, kodwa futhi awusizo - aqukethe inani elikhulu levithamini C (24-28 mg / 100 g). Ngayo yonke inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi "i-Kolobok" ayibekezelelani ukushintshwa kwesithwathwa kanye ne-thaw. Phakathi nezinkathi ezinjalo, angase afe - akesabi ukhathazeka njengamahlumela okushisa. 
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Kungcono ukuthenga ekamelweni lokubeletha noma kumfuyi ohlonishwayo, lapho kunokukhethwa okukhulu kwezithombo zokupheka okuphephile. Izindleko zezithombo ezinhle zizokhokha ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! "Umuntu we-Gingerbread Man" - ugqumugqumu onokwemakethe ephezulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukubuyisela emuva ekutshalweni nasekuzaleni.Kungcono ukuthatha izitshalo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala ezinamahlumela amathathu noma amane aqinile, anezimpande eside ezithuthukile ezinama-lignified kuze kube ngu-25-30 cm, ezineziqu ezingenaqabunga namagqabunga angenalutho - amaqabunga avunyelwe kuphela phezulu kwegatsha.
Izinsuku nokukhethwa kwendawo yokufika
I-Gooseberries itshalwe entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Spring isitshala kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Uma utshala ebusika, khona-ke ngoSeptemba - isitshalo kufanele sibe nesikhathi sokuthatha ngokuphelele izimpande ngaphambi kweqhwa. Kungcono nakakhulu le ugqumugqumu "Kolobok" etshalwe ekwindla: Ukutshala kwe-autumn kungcono kakhulu ekusindeni kwensimu futhi kuzokwenza kube lula ukunakekelwa okulandelayo, njengoba entwasahlobo ukuqubuka kwama-gooseberry kuyaqhakaza kusasa, kanti ama-frosts asetshenziswe njalo-njalo angabulala. Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo esincane sithatha izimpande, sivutha kakhulu futhi sivame ukushisa, kanti kusukela entwasahlobo seyanda ukuphakama kwayo.
Ngaphansi kokufika ukukhetha indawo evulekile eceleni kwesayithi.
Kubalulekile! Ungatshali i-gooseberries ezindaweni eziphansi kanye nasemhlabathini ngendawo eseduze yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Inhlabathi enhle ye-gooseberries iyisithelo esihle kakhulu, kepha ikhula futhi kahle, i-sandy loam. Iphuthumayo ithuthukiswe emanzini, umhlaba omkhulu we-podzolic. Awuyithandi inhlabathi enamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma inhlabathi iyanamathele - kufanele ichitheke ukuba i-acidic kancane-pH kuya ku-5.5. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa u-choki, u-limestone, ufulawa wama dolomite; zenziwe kusengaphambili - hhayi ngonyaka lapho ugqumugqagqatshalalwa khona, kodwa ngonyaka ngaphambi kwalo.
Lungiselela isitshalo sokutshala amaviki amabili noma amathathu - uhlwanyelwe ukhula, ugqoke ngokujulile (kufika ku-30 cm) futhi usule, uqede izimbombo ezinkulu.
Ukutshala izithombo ezincane kusayithi
Ububanzi bomgodi ngaphansi kwe-ugqumugqumu ungama-45-55 cm, ukujula kufinyelela ku-45-50 cm. Ingqimba ephezulu yomquba womhlaba kanye namaminerali amaminerali afakwa ngokulinganayo phansi. Imbewu iyabekwa phakathi nendawo futhi yengezwa ngokudonsa phansi lapho kuhlanganiswa khona, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kuka-6-7 cm entanyeni yentambo. Khona-ke ulula kancane umhlabathi, umquba (amaqabunga ahlotshiwe, i-peat, hay, utshani) futhi anisela. Ngokuba i-gooseberry "i-Kolobok" uhlelo lokutshala olulandelayo lusetshenziswa - 2 × 1.5 noma 1.7 × 1.7. Uma utshala kakhulu, ukuphakama kwehlathi kuyancipha, ukusabalalisa nokuvunwa kwayo kunciphisa. 
Ukunakekela nokulimala ezihlukahlukene ugqumugqumu "Kolobok"
Ngokutshala okufanelekile kwe-ugqumugqumu "i-Kolobok", ukutshalwa kwayo okulula kulula - ukuchelela, ukukhulula, ukhula, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane, ukushona kwentwasahlobo nokwindla, nokwengeza izithako.
Ukunisela, ukusiphawula nokukhipha inhlabathi
Amanzi njengoba inhlabathi iyomile, kodwa ingavumeli ukomisa okugcwele noma ukuqhuma kwamanzi. Ukunisela kufanele kube okufanayo - ngokuvamile kodwa ngokulinganisela. Ukuphuza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwamanzi kuzokwenza amajikijolo aqhekeke. Weeding kwenziwa ukubhujiswa ukhula futhi ukukhulula. Khipha emva kokuphuza nokufaka umquba. Ngaphansi kwe-mulch ekuqaleni, inhlabathi ayikwazi ukuyikhulula.
Umanyolo
Izitshalo ze-gooseberries zifaka isandla lapho utshala - phansi kwegodi. Zombili izimila eziphilayo nezamaminerali zisetshenziselwa lokhu. Isibonelo, sebenzisa ukugqoka okulandelayo: umquba, i-humus, i-peat - 0.5 ibhakede elilodwa ngalinye; umlotha wokhuni - 500-600 g umgodi ngamunye; superphosphate - 180-250 g kahle. Ungakwazi ukutshala futhi emva kokutshala ngaphambi kokuba umanyolo we-mulching - umquba wamaminerali uhlanjululwe emanzini futhi uthele kakade izithombo ezitshalwe. Kamuva ithole umanyolo njalo ngonyaka - noma ukuwa ngokumba umhlaba, noma ukumba kuze kube entwasahlobo. Izitshalo zifana nokutshala.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Kuthunwe "i-Kolobok" lapho utshala - ama-buddha angu-5-6 kuphela asele emagatsheni afanayo ngonyaka. Lokhu kunikeza ukukhula okuqinile emagatsheni okwenza uhlaka. Lapho utshala ugqumugqumu "I-Kolobok", udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukusika kwawo kufanele kube njalo esikhathini esizayo. 
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobonhlobo zijwayele ukuqina, ngakho kubalulekile ukunciphisa iziqu ezingaphezu kwesikhathi.
Ukusikhilika akuthandi ukufaka shading futhi nge-branching eqinile kukhula kabi futhi kuyaba yize. Lesi sitshalo siphume kakhulu, ngokuthuthukiswa kweziqu ezingu-23-25 ezingenalutho. Amagatsha amadala alahlekelwe izithelo zawo asuswe, ashiye abasha abaqinile.
Ngokufanelekile, njengoba isihlahla sikhula, amagatsha angama-4-5 anamathambo kufanele ashiywe lapho esika izihlahla. Futhi uvuselele njalo isihlahla - ukusika izitshalo ezimile futhi ushiye ama-cuttings aqinile. Ngokuvamile, susa wonke amagatsha awonakele, ahlangene, enezimpawu zokubola.
Isikhathi sokugcina phakathi nenkathi banquma isihlahla ebusika - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba - bayayinquma njengenjwayelo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo basusa wonke amagatsha angaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Izindwangu zendawo ziphathwa kahle nge-pitch pitch.
I-Shelter ehlathini ebusika
Ngemuva kokudubula kwekwindla, amagatsha abuthana ndawonye, acindezelwe futhi ahlanganiswe (hhayi okuningi) isihlahla endaweni eyodwa noma ezimbili.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukucubungula i-shrub ngaphambi kokugaya i-fungicide engadini. I-remedy elula kakhulu isebenza nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid.
Bese ukhetha ukugqoka, ugobe inhlabathi (10-12 cm endaweni yempande, bese - kuze kufinyelele ku-20 cm), uphuzisa, uhlanganiswe (peat, humus). Izitshalo zokuqala zonyaka wokuqala, nezitshalo ezivuthiwe nakakhulu, zihlanganiswa ngamagatsha ase-spruce, i-agrospan, nanoma yikuphi okunye okusetshenziselwa ukugqoka. Uma kuneqhwa eziningi, khona-ke kuhle ukuba baphume ngokuphelele ehlathini.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa nokuvuna
Amajikijolo avuthwe phakathi nohlobo-ngoJulayi. Njengoba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zingenalutho, ukuvuna kulula futhi kuphephile. Amajikijolo aqoqiwe agcinwa isikhathi eside, abhekene nokuthuthwa okuphezulu. 
Uyazi? Ngezidingo ezahlukene, amajikijolo avela ehlathini athathwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Ukudla, ukuqhwaza - uma ukhula ngokugcwele, ithambile, ngombala ocebile. Ukukhiqizwa kwejamu, amajamu, ama-marshmallows, alondoloza - kancane kancane phansi, kancane kancane (ezobuciko zesisindo).
Uma wena, ukwenza lokhu ugqumugqumu, wenza konke okulungile - wakhetha izithombo ezinhle, wadala ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo owawudinga, wanikeza umquba wokutshala nezihlahla, ekugcineni ungathola ama-10 kg amajikijolo nokunye okuvela esihlahleni esisodwa esineminyaka emithathu ubudala.
