IMonstera ingesinye sezitshalo ezimangalisayo ezixakile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukwenziwa okuvela ekhaya kwale mbali kudumile kakhulu, nokho impilo yasendle iyindawo eyamukelekayo ngokwengeziwe kuyo. Lo mbhalo ukhuluma ngokuthi i-monstera ibukeka kanjani kanye nezimpawu zokuqhakaza kwayo, kanye nezinhlobo nezinhlobo zalesi siko.
Yini i-monstera
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, amahemuhemu asakazwa eYurophu mayelana nezitshalo ezinkulu ezitholakala emahlathini ashisayo futhi ezingabulala abantu. Ofakazi bokuzibonela bathi ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwalezi zimbali eziqhamuka esidalweni esiphilayo bekukhona kuphela amathambo alengiswe esihlahleni. Ngokwengxenye lezi zindaba ziyiqiniso. Izivakashi zibheka kabi izimpande zesitshalo ezinesikhumba ngezinto ezesabekayo. Ukwehla phansi, zingaqhuma emzimbeni womuntu. Ngenxa yezindaba ezinjalo, lesi silo sasibizwa ngokuthi iBeast. Kepha lapho i-monstera ihlala khona, akekho ongasho. Abantu besaba ukuya ehlathini.
Bush endle
Ekuqaleni, ososayensi bakhipha uhlobo olusha lwePhilodendron kusuka kulesi sitshalo, kepha ngo-1765 i-monstera yahlukaniswa yohlobo olukhethekile lwesiko. Izilo zokuqala ezikhangayo zalethwa eNgilandi ngonyaka ka-1754. Lapho i-monstera ikhula khona eMelika eseMelika, lolu hlobo lwachazwa ngokunembile kuphela ikhulu leminyaka kamuva yisazi sezitshalo esivela eSweden Frederick Liebman, okwathi ngo-1849 sashicilela i-monograph ngamasiko aseNingizimu Melika.
Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga amakhulu aqoshiwe we-burdock neziqu eziqinile.
Kwakukhona izinganekwane ngokubandakanyeka kwesitshalo ekushoneni kwabahambi. Konke kwavele kwaba lula kakhulu. Abantu abalahlekile ehlathini bafa ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinkulu zaseMonstera, kwathi ngokuhamba kweminyaka imivini yahlaba imizimba yabo, futhi kwabukeka kabi, sengathi isitshalo sibulale umuntu. Ngakho-ke, manje izivakashi azihleleli ngokwazo ukuhlala ubusuku noma indawo yokuhlala emasimini alesi sitshalo.
Izithelo ezidliwayo
Incazelo emfushane yesitshalo seMonstera: Izici zeBotanical
Le mbali ingeyezinhlobo ze-Aroid. Igama elihunyushelwa kwisiRussia lizwakala njenge- "monster." Lesi sitshalo singesezinhlobonhlobo zezivini ezihlala ziqhakaza, equkethe izinhlobo ezingama-25. Imbali ye-monstera emvelweni ifana nesitshalo esikhulu kakhulu nesinethezekile se-epiphytic, esinohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle.
Izimpande zasemoyeni zisebenza kumaqabunga amaqabunga maqondana neziqu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, acwebezelayo, o-oval noma oyindilinga, anobubanzi obungafika kuma-50 cm, atholakala kumapentiyu amade - aze afike ku-35 cm, amaqabunga amasha aphelele, futhi kuphela ngeminyaka avela kuwo. Lapho amaqabunga ekhula kuphela, ahlanganiswa abe yishubhu futhi abe nombala oluhlaza okotshani.
Nakani! IMonstera idinga ukusikeka emaqabungeni ukuze amaconsi amanzi adlule ngokuphepha kuwo angene ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Ubukhulu besiqu endle bungafinyelela kumamitha angama-25, bese amaqabunga uqobo - aze afike ku-85 cm. Amaqabunga amancanyana abushelelezi, akhiwa ngama-petioles amade. Esiqwini esikhulu kunezimpande eziningi zasemoyeni, ngosizo lapho isitshalo sinamathela kukho konke okumi eduze. Kwi-inflorescence yisithelo esidliwayo, ngengubo emhlophe.
Ngabe i-monstera ikhula kuliphi izwekazi
Izwe lesitshalo livame ukubhekwa njengeCentral, South America kanye nentshonalanga yeNdiya. Kepha kuliphi izwe i-monstera ekhula manje, kunzima ukusho. Cishe yonke indawo, lezi zitshalo zazithunyelwa emazweni ahlukahlukene.
Iqabunga nje elikhulile
Kubalulekile! Ezimweni zasendle, imbali ikhula kahle emahlathini ashisayo, lapho lina njalo, futhi inhlabathi inomswakama omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, endaweni efulethini kuyadingeka ukudala lo moya ngokunisela okuningi.
Izinhlobo ze-monstera
Izinhlobo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu zalesi sitshalo:
- IMonstera imnandi. Emncane, amaqabunga akhe abushelelezi, ngesimo senhliziyo noma se-oval, futhi imbali endala ikhula ibe ngu-80 cm ubukhulu. Ekhaya, i-monstera emnandi ayikhulisi ngaphezu kuka-2 m, futhi ezindaweni ezigcina izithombo - kumamitha ayi-10. Uma uyinakekela kahle, khona-ke kwakhiwa izithelo ezinkulu, ubude bayo obuyi-20 cm nobubanzi obungama-cm ayi-15. ifana nengxube yebhanana nephayinaphu. Kepha kuyadingeka ukuhlanza izithelo ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa.
- Borziga. Ikhula ikakhulukazi eMexico, amaqabunga ama-pinnate amancane, afinyelela ku-25 cm ubukhulu, ofanele izindlu. Uma uyiqhathanisa ne-Delicacy, inamaqubu amancane kakhulu futhi ikhula ngokushesha.
- Kuthungathwa. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-expilate noma i-sickle-shape. Ikhula ikakhulukazi emahlathini omanzi aseBrazil naseGuatemala. Amacembe ayindilinga, mude futhi mncane. Uma igumbi linomoya omile kakhulu, khona-ke amaqabunga aba mancane. Indawo yokuzalela enconywayo ingumbizi eluhlaza okotshani. Kukuyo lapho ama-internode eba amafushane, futhi amaqabunga afinyelela ku-30 cm ngosayizi.
Nakani! Imithetho yokunakekela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene icishe ifane: udinga ukudala izimo eduze kwezemvelo.
Izilo zasekhaya emvelweni
Indawo yokuhlala yaseMonstera yingxenye eseningizimu yeMelika, noma kunalokho, izindawo ezishisayo. Ekhaya, kunzima impela ukudala isimo esinjalo sesitshalo. Kepha uma unamathela emithethweni yokunakekelwa, unikeze imbali konke okudingayo, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uyikhulise ngezandla zakho, kepha ngeke kuqhume nje.
Ngabe i-monstera iziphatha kanjani ngokwemvelo?
Izimpande zezindiza zihlala zisuka ezitshalweni, futhi amaqabunga asikiwe makhulu kakhulu. Ama-inflorescence afana nezithelo eziwugqinsi eziwugqinsi, imbali ngokwayo iyinto ephindwe kabili.
Uhlelo lwempande
Izimpande ezidonsayo ziyadingeka ukuze i-monstera ithole amanye amaminerali. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sinomswakama ophezulu endle, lokhu kuzoba yindlela yokuhlanganisa nemvelo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo sikhula size sibe ngu-250 m.
Amaqabunga eMonstera anobuthi kakhulu. Banokwakheka okufana nenaliti, uma befika emehlweni noma kolwelwesi lwesikhumba somuntu, luzodala ukucasuka okukhulu. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu ezenza ukuthi lesi sitshalo sithathwe njengesilwane esikhulu futhi esingumbulali.
Kunezinganekwane eziningi ezihambisana nalembali. Okuvame kakhulu:
- Amandla vampire. Ngokusho kwalenganekwane, imbali yakha ikhabhoni dayoksi ebusuku, ngenxa yalokho okwanele ukwanela. Kukholelwa ukuthi isitshalo, njenge-vampire, sidla amandla omuntu, asenza siphelelwe amandla. Kodwa njengoba izazi zasendulo zesayensi yeFeng Shui zisho, la masiko athanda amandla amabi kuphela. I-Monstera ibamba imisebe ye-electromagnetic, ngakho-ke imvamisa ibekwa eduze kwemishini yasendlini.
- Ubuthi. Ngokusho kwezinye izinganekwane, intende ye-monstera inkulu - imbali enobuthi. Empeleni, isitshalo esiqhakaza ezingadini zakha ama-inflorescence uqobo. Zidinga ukunqunywa, kungenye kuzo ukuthi kukhona ingxenye yento enobuthi. Abantu abaningi bayazama, kepha awudingi ukwenza lokhu, ngoba ungazizwa uvutha ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho, ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-potassium. Kepha njengoba i-monstera enkulu ingaqhakaza ekhaya, khona-ke asikho isidingo sokwesaba.
Nakani! Izinganekwane ngalesi sitshalo esishisayo azifakazelwa yisayensi, ngakho-ke unquma ukuthi uzokholwa yini noma cha.
Ukukhula ezindaweni ezishisayo
Lapho eziqhakaza monstera
Izimbali zivela ikakhulu phakathi nehlobo. Endaweni evamile yesitshalo, i-inflorescence yakhiwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Inqubo yokuqhakaza nokuvuthwa kwesibeletho ihlala cishe izinyanga eziyi-10.
Kubalulekile! Kuvela imbali eyodwa kuphela. Kubukeka njengekholamu yamathoni amhlophe. Umbala ungahluka kusuka kumhlophe qhwa kune-vanilla emnyama. Yonke imbali imbozwe amachashazi ambovu, futhi inengubo enkulu emhlophe ngesimo sezilwane ezifuywayo.
Kungani uMonster ekhala
Izizathu zokuthi kungani ukukhala kwe-monster kukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi isitshalo siyakhala lapho singenamanzi anele, ngalokho sibonisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuwashela.
Futhi, lapho imvula isondela, ukukhala kwe-monstera, kuvela amaconsi amanzi emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Uma ukuchelela maningi, ngosizo lwezinyembezi imbali ikhipha uketshezi oluningi.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuzalela lesi sitshalo ngokwakho, okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi ikhuliswa yiliphi izwekazi iMonstera. Ezimweni zasendlini kuyadingeka ukudala isimo sezulu esiphezulu esivame ukujwayela. Inani elikhulu lomswakama nelanga yinto esemqoka oyidingayo ukuze kutshalwe kahle.
Emvelweni wasekhaya, imbali iba sengozini yokutheleleka kwezinye izilokazane nezifo kuneyasendle. Okuyingozi kakhulu kuye i-chlorosis noma isimbuzane sesicabucabu.
Nakani! Abalimi abaningi, noma ngabe basithanda kangakanani lesi sitshalo, benqaba ukusisabalalisa futhi basikhulise esimweni sasekhaya. IMonstera, izwe lakubo okuyindawo eshisayo, ayihambelani nezinye izimo. Imbali enkulu kangaka idinga isikhala esiningi ukuze ifinyelele usayizi wayo ojwayelekile futhi ikhule ngokukhululeka.
Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso, ekhaya uMonstera uhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-5, lokhu kunakekelwa ngokuphelele. Endle, impilo ifinyelela eminyakeni engama-30, lo umehluko omkhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abatshali bezimbali abancomi ukugcina izitshalo ezinjalo ekhaya, ngoba ngeke ziphile isikhathi eside.
Izinganekwane eziningi nezindaba zixhunyaniswa nembali yaseMonstera, eziningi zazo eseziqinisekisiwe. Kepha akekho oyokwazi lonke iqiniso, ngoba izehlakalo zenzeka eminyakeni engaphezulu kwamakhulu amathathu edlule. Noma kunjalo, ngandlela thile, umuntu angagcizelela ubuhle nokunethezeka kwalembali yasendle. Kepha ukuze uqonde ngempela ukuthi iyini i-monstera, udinga ukumbona okungenani kanye. Lobuhle abunakubukhohlwa.
