Namuhla, cishe zonke izitshalo zifuna ukukhulisa ama-cranberries endlini yakhe yasehlobo, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kunokuhamba amajikijolo amahle kakhulu ehlathini, ehamba ngezinkuni ezinameva. Ngakho-ke, lesi sihloko sibonisa ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe mayelana ne-cranberries ethandekayo yensimu, mayelana nezici zokutshala nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo kanye nesithombe.
Incazelo
I-cranberry enomusa ehlala njalo ekhanda elibomvu isithelo esiphundu esiphundu sinomndeni we-cowberry futhi ubizwa kabanzi ngokuthi iberry elisenyakatho ekhulayo emanzini asesifundazwe saseLeningrad. Lesi sitshalo akuyona into abayibheka njengendawo yokugcina yokudla okuyigugu kakhulu nemithi yokwelapha, izithelo zayo, ezifana ne-cherry, ziqukethe amavithamini A, C, B1, B2, PP, K futhi eziwusizo emzimbeni njenge-thiamine, riboflavin ne-niacin.
Ama-blueberries nama-blueberries yibo abamele umkhaya we-cowberry, izithelo zazo ezinomsoco omkhulu.
Insimu ye-Cranberry ibhekwa njengenkulu-fruited ngenxa yamajikijolo ayo amahle amakhulu, ubukhulu bawo buhluka kusuka ku-15 kuya kuma-25 mm, okuphindwe kathathu ubukhulu kunomuthi we-marsh ovamile. Izitshalo zezihlahla zikhiqiza amahlumela ezinhlobonhlobo ezihamba phambili nezindawo ezinwabuzelayo, ubude bawo buxhomeke ikakhulukazi ezihlukahlukene futhi zingaba ngu-50 kuya ku-115 cm ekunakekeleni.
Uyazi? Umlimi wase-Amateur waseMelika u-Henry Hall waqala ukutshala lesi sitshalo engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19, kanti izinhlobo zokuqala ze-cranberries ezinkulu zatholakala ngokukhethwa kusukela emanzini, esendle.
Izici zokufika
Ukuze uqonde indlela yokukhulisa kahle ama-cranberries engadini yakho, kufanele uqaphele zonke izici zalolu hlelo.
Izinsuku (entwasahlobo, ekwindla)
Izihlahla ze-Cranberry zitshalwe, ngokuvamile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho umhlaba kulesi sakhiwo usuvele ususelwe ngokwanele ku-5 kuya ku-10 cm. Ukutshala kwe-autumn akubandakanyi, zilungiselela kuphela umhlaba (ngo-Septhemba) ukuze intwasahlobo itshale amajikijolo amnandi. 
Indawo yokufika
Indawo yokutshala kufanele ikhethwe evulekile futhi ivuliwe kahle (ingahle ifakwe emakhanda eminye imithi), futhi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele alale cishe 25 cm ngaphansi kwenhlabathi. Indawo ekahle yokungena kuyoba ibhange le-brook ehlobo noma echibi.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Futhi imininingwane ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwama-cranberries yizimfuno zayo emhlabathini: bambalwa bayazi ukuthi kufanele kube yi-acidic kakhulu (pH 3.5-6.5), okuzokwenza ukuthi izihlahla zesikhanberry zithole wonke amathuba okuhluma okuhle kunoma iyiphi isakhiwo segadi.
Kubalulekile! Amanzi okusetshenziselwa ukutshala emva kokutshala kufanele adluliselwe ngokusabela okuqinile (pH 4), ngaphandle kwalokho iberry lizohlakulela i-chlorosis kumaqabunga, okuzoholela ekuvimbeleni okuqhubekayo kokukhula nokufa kokugcina.Isayithi ngokwayo kufanele ibe ithafa elinamanzi nanjengenomoya, inhlabathi engaba yinto ecacile, esindayo, esekelwe ephezulu-moor peat noma e-forest substrate.
Indlela yokutshala ama-cranberries ensimini
Inqubo yokutshala ama-cranberries nokuqhubeka ikhula engadini yami ilula kakhulu. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwakha umbhede okhethekile - ukumba umsele ngamasentimitha angama-30 ubude bese ususa umhlabathi, futhi njengoba uhlelo lwempande le-cranberry luyisisekelo, khona-ke ukujula okuncane kuyokwanela ukufika kwawo. Isitshalo sesitshalo se-cranberry kanje: izitshalo zifakwe emigodini enezilinganiso ze-10 × 15 noma 10 × 10 cm, uma kungenzeka, ukutshala kuyanda kakhulu ukuze amahlumela asondele ngokushesha futhi angeneke ngokuphelele emhlabathini. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo kumele siphuziswa ngamanzi, sifafazwe kalula ngomhlabathi kanye nesikhunta - lokhu kuwanele ukuba ubambelele embhedeni wakho wensimu.
Kubalulekile! Izithombo ze-cranberry ezilungiselelwe kufanele zingcwatshwe kancane - kuyoba ngcono ukugqugquzela ukwakheka kwezimpande ezintsha engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwesitshalo sezimbali
Masinyane emva kokutshala izithombo ze-cranberry, kufanele ulandele ngokucophelela imithetho ethile ebalulekile yokunakekelwa.
- Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele ifihle ngokushesha ifilimu bese ibamba kuze kufike ukwakheka kwemivimbo.
- Ngemuva kokuhluma kwe-15-20 cm, imivimbo enguboshiwe iphethwe ngenduku ukuze bangashiyi isayithi.
- Ukuphuza ama-cranberries kufanele kube njalo, inhlabathi kufanele ihlale i-hydrated, kanye kanye ngesonto ngokuvamile idinga ukuthululwa ngokugcwele. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo, i-hydration kufanele yenziwe nsuku zonke.
- Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokusondeza isitshalo ngezixazululo zemifino eguquguqukayo yamaminerali, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ngenkathi ungakhohlwa ngamanzi okuthululwa (ngokuqukethwe kwekhambi le-citric acid ne-vinegar).
Uyazi? Igama lesiNgisi lama-cranberries yi-cranberry, elisho ukuthi "i-crane berry". Igama elinjalo elithakazelisayo lalibangelwa ukufana kwezimbali ezinde futhi ezincane ze-berry nekhanda noma umlomo we-crane. ERussia, ibizwa nangokuthi "i-snowdrop", "zhuravikha" nethi "izinkuni zasentwasahlobo".
Entwasahlobo
Entwasahlobo, uma iberry cranberry iba green, kubalulekile ukuba enze izicucu thinning ehlathini bese uyondla nge umanyolo ophelele umanyolo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukukhishwa okwesikhashana kwenhlabathi, okuyinto, ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ibe njalo esimweni esincane semvula. Njengoba i-cranberry isetshenziswe kahle yizinyosi, isisombululo esihle kakhulu sokutshala izinyosi eduze kombhede wakhe - i-oregano, enhle kakhulu, njll.
Zijwayele ngezithelo ezihlukahlukene zezihlahla: okusajingijolo, ama-ten, olga, i-irga, i-goji, amagilebhisi, i-currants, i-physalis, i-sea buckthorn ne-rose rose.
Ehlobo
Esikhathini esishisayo sasehlobo, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yesibili, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi engadini ayimile, futhi ngokuphuza njalo akufanele ukhohlwe uthando lwawo amajikijolo ngenxa yendawo yokuhlala e-acidic, ngakho-ke amanzi kufanele asetshenziswe ngokufaka i-citric noma i-acetic acid. Izimo ezidingekayo zokuthuthukiswa okuhle kwe-shrub nazo zihlanza ngesikhathi esifanele emibhede ezivela emanzini angafuneki nokukhululeka kwenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuba umquba izitshalo ngama-berries aneminyaka emithathu ubudala eminyakeni yonke engu-3-4 enezingqimba ze-peat crumb noma isihlabathi esinamaqanda kuze kube ngamasentimitha amabili ubukhulu.
Ekwindla
Ekwindla, ngoSepthemba-Okthoba, sekuvele kungenzeka ukuvuna ngokuphephile isivuno se-cranberry. Izithelo kudingeka zikhethwe kancane kancane, kumele zivuthwe ngesikhathi sokugcina.
Ezinye izindlela zokuzalanisa
I-Cranberry shrub ukusakazwa kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili - vegetative nokukhiqiza. Njengoba kulesi sihloko sibheke ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zezitshalo, khona-ke sizoxoxa ngabantu abathandekayo abahlali behlobo lokutshala ama-cranberries - imbewu.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu Isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuzalisa, amajikijolo akhishwa izithelo ezivuthiwe futhi ngokushesha ahlwanyelwe noma athunyelwe ukugcinwa kwamaphakheji amancane. 
Ngokujwayelekile, emva kokumisa, imbewu ikhula ngokubi kakhulu, kodwa amahlumela amasha amahle kakhulu ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Ukutshala ezimweni ezinjalo kwenziwa ngesikhathi sasehlobo ngale ndlela: imbewu ihlakazekile phezu kwenhlabathi (substrate) futhi ifafazwe ngendwangu encane yomhlabathi (2-3 mm), isetshenziswe, igcwele ingilazi futhi ifakwe endaweni efudumele.
Uma amahlumela ehlumayo ekhula emaqabunga angama-4-5, awela emabhodwe noma emibhedeni elitheni lokushisa endaweni ebanga okungenani u-10 cm komunye nomunye. Izithombo zihlwanyelwa kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi ngezikhathi ezimbili zamasonto amabili, ngo-Agasti isembozo sokuzivikela sisusiwe ekushiseni okushisa, kanti ngo-Okthoba umbhede wensimu uhlanganiswe nohlaka lwesentimitha esingu-5 cm we-peat futhi uphinde uhlanganiswe ubusika, kuphela ngezendlalelo ezimbili ze-spunbond.
Ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni yokuhlala unomphela, izithombo zihluma iminyaka embalwa, kanti isivuno esivela emahlathini asakhula singatholakala ngemva kweminyaka emibili noma emithathu.
Funda futhi mayelana nezakhiwo zokwelapha kanye nokuphikisana kwama-cranberries.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Njengazo zonke izitshalo nezitshalo, i-cranberry sezihlahla nazo zivezwe ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane. Ngisho nezinhlanzi eziphephe kakhulu kunazo zonke, ngeshwa, zingabamba izifo ezithile zesimo, isibonelo:
- indawo ebomvu yi-fungal disease engase iholele ekufeni nasekuthuthukiseni amahlumela. Ukulwa nalesi sifo, sebenzisa i-2 g ye "Fundazole" ne "Topsina L", ihlanjululwe emalitha angu-1 amanzi, lesi sombululo sisetshenziselwa ukuphatha kahle isitshalo esithintekile;
- i-fomopsis yisifo esibangela isomiso se-cranberry ephela ngaphandle kokubuna. Ukuhlaselwa okunjalo kungathatha esimweni esomile neshisayo ikakhulukazi. Ukuqeda izimpawu zalesi sifo, isihlahla sibhekwa nanoma yikuphi ukucubungula kwe-systemic;
- i-cytosporosis, noma ukubola okumnyama, okuthinta izithelo zama-cranberries. "I-Chloroxide copper" izosiza ukususa lesi sifo;
- Isikhumba seqhwa singenye yezifo ezilimazayo nezibhubhisa kakhulu, futhi uma ingelashwa, i-foci ingabhubhisa ngokuphelele i-shrub yonke. Ukuvimbela isayithi ngokuphambene nokuxoshwa nge-solution ye "Fundazol";
- Ukushisa kwamanye amazwe - ukutheleleka kwefungal of the tips of the amahlumela, bayoma kuwo, vula omnyama futhi owomile. Ukuze silwe kahle "Topsin M" noma "Ronilan";
- I-Pestalation - ihlukumeza amajikijolo, amaqabunga neziqu. Kubonakala ngezindawo ezimnyama ezindaweni eziluhlaza, futhi kamuva zihlanganisa bese ziphenduka izindawo ezimbi. Kulesi sifo kuzosiza i-oxychloride yethusi;
- I-Terry noma ihlume igciwane eliyingozi elibangelwa ama-mycoplasma microorganisms. Kusukela emahlumela akhe kufana nokufana "nemifudlana yemilingo." Isihlahla siphelile ngokuphelele ukuthela izithelo, futhi uma izithelo zaqala ukwakha ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwalesi sifo - ziba ezincane futhi zimbi. Ngeshwa, akukho muthi okwakhiwe ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo segciwane, ngakho-ke isitshalo esithintekayo sidinga ukususwa embhede wensimu;
- I-Botrytis - ihlanganisa iziqu ezisezingeni elimanzi nge-patina fungal fluffy. Unamanye amagama - i-gray gray. Ukulwa nalesi sifo kudingekile ukusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha yaseBordeaux.
Uma ulandela imithetho ephoqelekile futhi engeyona elula, isitshalo esihle se-cranberry plant sizokwenza kube lula ukwenza inqubo yokulima kwayo kumnikazi wayo futhi wenze ukunakekelwa okuhlangenwe nakho okujabulisayo, bese umbonga ngesitshalo esicebile nesivithamini.
