Namhlanje kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala lemifino. Uma nje ingakhula: ngendlela yendabuko, nomsele, kanye ne-ridge. Kodwa kukhona enye indlela engavamile - amazambane akhula emasakeni.
Izinzuzo nezimo zendlela
Inzuzo ecacile kunazo zonke ukonga indawo engadini. Ungabeka isikhwama kunoma iyiphi indawo ngokukhanyisa okwanele. Makube indawo endleleni noma ngaphansi kwendlu ngakwesobunxele: kunoma yikuphi, izilimo eziyizigaxa zizozizwa zihle kakhulu.
Le ndlela yindindiso yangempela izakhamuzi zasehlobo, ngoba ufuna nje ukutshala ngaphezulu, kodwa akukho isikhala esanele. Ukutshala kwendabuko yale mifino kudinga indawo eningi engadini, ngoba kunengqondo ukutshala utamatisi obalulekile, amakhukhamba kanye nama-strawberries esikhundleni samazambane.
Funda futhi mayelana nezici ezihlukahlukene zokukhula kwamazambane: "Inhlanhla", "Kiwi", "Irbitsky", "Gala".
Le ndlela yenza kube lula nomhlali wasehlobo ukuthi asebenze ngokwemigomo yamazambane akudingi ukuphakama - nje ufafaza izilimo eziyizigaxa ngenhlabathi ephakeme ephansi. Ukhula alukwazi futhi ukukhula eduze kwamazambane, ngakho-ke ngeke kudingeke ukumba.
Ukutshala amazambane ezikhwameni ezinomhlabathi kuzovikela imifino kusukela e-Colorado amazambane beetle, ama-wireworm nama-phytophtoras, okuyinto izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ezesaba kakhulu ensimini.
Uma i-Colorado mbatata i-beetle ibonakala kumazambane, ingabe ingalwa nezindlela zendabuko, isibonelo, ukusebenzisa uviniga nesardadi, noma ukusebenzisa ama-insecticide: "Tanrek", "Regent", "Taboo", "Corado", "Calypso", "Confidor" , "Aktofit", "Aktara", "Decis".
Ukuguqula akuyona into embi kakhulu kulo mifino, ngoba amanzi apheli, futhi inhlabathi iyashisa. Ekhuluma ngezinzuzo zale ndlela, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungakhumbuli ukuthi amazambane awudingi ukumbulwa: udinga nje ukuqoqa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezomile nezihlanzekile ezisemhlabathini.
Yiqiniso, hhayi ngaphandle kweziphambeko, phakathi kwazo okubaluleke kunazo zonke ukuphuza inkinga. Izinga lomswakama kuzodingeka lihlolwe njalo futhi kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngosizo lokunisela ukuchelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinhlabathi ezifanele le ndlela. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle udinga ukuhlinzekela ukukhanya kwemifino nenhlabathi evulekile (isibonelo, ingxube ye-humus noma umquba).
Izici zokuthola isivuno esicebile
Ukuze uhlume kahle amazambane ezikhwameni, kubalulekile ukuqonda zonke izinyathelo zezinyathelo ezihamba phambili.
Indawo yokukhula
Imfuneko ebaluleke kakhulu yendawo lapho kuyoba khona isitsha semifino, ukukhanya okwanele. Ungafaka isikhwama egcekeni lakho ohlangothini olukhanyayo, eduze nemibhede, noma ngisho nokulenga uma kunesidingo: imifino izozizwa yonke indawo.
Uyazi? Amazambane aphuma eNingizimu Melika. Amazambane asendle aqhubeka ekhula lapho, kodwa abantu bendawo bebekhulile imifino ekhulile ekhaya.
Ukukhethwa kwamandla
Amazambane angakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhundla. Noma yiziphi izikhwama zeplastiki ezizokwenza (kusuka ushukela nofulawa). Ezingxenyeni nasezansi udinga ukwenza izinto ezincane ezihlinzeka umoya wokungena ngaphakathi kwetangi. Enye indlela yokuthenga iziqukathi ezenziwe ngokulungele ukutshala imifino kunoma isiphi isitolo segadi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iziqukathi ezithengiwe zinezikhwama ezihamba kahle, kanye nama-valve angavulwa ukuze kufinyeleleke emoyeni.
Ukutshala amazambane
Amazambane akhula emasakeni adinga ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokutshala. Lesi sigaba siqala kahle ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli nakusasa ngoMeyi, lapho sekukhona ukushisa okuphezulu ngaphandle.
Ukuze kube lula, emaphethelweni esikhwameni ahlanganiswe futhi ungqimba ophezulu we-10-35 cm wehlabathi enomsoco uthelelwa phansi. Izinto zokutshala zibekiwe phezulu (imifino ehlwanyelwe noma izinkinoba ngamehlo). Awukwazi ukulayisha okungaphezu kuka 3-4 amazambane. Isidingo esiphezulu sokugcwalisa ungqimba lomhlaba ngo-15 cm ukuzisela izitshalo.
Kubalulekile ukulinda ukuvela kwamahlumela 10-15 cm ubude futhi uthele ungqimba olandelayo wenhlabathi. Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuphuza imifino njalo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinyathelo kufanele ziphindwe kuze kube yilapho isikhwama sesithathu kubuthwe.
Kubalulekile! Ukujula okuphelele kokutshala akufanele kube ngaphezu kwamamitha ayilodwa, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo ngeke sibe namandla anele okondla zonke izilimo eziyizigaxa.
Indlela yokunakekela amazambane esikhwameni
Ngemuva kokusebenza okuchazwe ngenhla, amazambane adinga kuphela ukuchelela. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhuphuka komswakama okuvela esitsheni kunamandla kunomhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, amazambane kuzodingeka aphuze kaningi futhi kaningi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kumele kubhekiswe ikakhulukazi ukuphuza ngesikhathi sokusila, lapho kutholakala izilimo eziyizigaxa zokuqala.
Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka baphuze amazambane amaningi emasakeni ukuze zonke izingxenye zomhlabathi zihlanjululwe. Ngokuvamile, ukutholakala komoya okwanele nokukhipha amanzi ngokweqile kuyinkinga lapho ukhula imifino esitsheni. Uma ungakhohlwa mayelana nokushicilela phansi kwethangi, le nkinga ngeke iphakame.
Ngokuqondene nesitshalo sokudla, ukhetho olungcono luyoba ukusetshenziswa ngokulinganayo kwamakhomikhali e-potash. Zinomthelela omuhle ekwalini nasezingeni lezitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukugwema i-nitrogen, ngoba ngeke kuvumele ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zivuthwe ngokushesha futhi zakha isikhumba esinamandla esibavumela ukuba bagcine imifino isikhathi eside esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuvuna
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani amazambane esikhwameni, kodwa nokuthi ungayithola kanjani. Kuhle kakhulu ukuqala ukuvuna kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti. Kwanele ukuthululela okuqukethwe kwesitsha bese ususa amazambane amasha kuwo. Nge-tuber ngayinye etshalwe ungathola cishe i-kilogram yesitshalo.
Uyazi? Ngo-1995, amazambane abe yimifino yokuqala ekhulile emkhathini.
Ingabe zonke izinhlobonhlobo ezifanele ukutshala izikhwama?
Ochwepheshe abanolwazi banxusa ukusebenzisa ukutshala izinhlobo ezinjalo zamazambane, okunikeza izilimo eziyizigaxa ezanele futhi abangenakuzithoba lapho bekhulile emasakeni. Lezi zihlanganisa:
- Bellarosa kusuka eJalimane;
- Sante waseNetherlands;
- Svitanok Kiev and Slavyanka (Ukukhetha ekhaya).
Kubalulekile! Amazambane akhuliwe phansi esikhwameni azohlale ekhudlwana futhi ekhulile, kanti izithelo ezingenhla ziyojabulela abathandi bezitshalo ezincane.Njengesiphetho, singasho ukuthi ukutshala amazambane ezikhwameni kunezinzuzo eziningi, futhi le ndlela kufanele ihlolwe nakanjani ngabalimi be-novice. Ungagcina isikhala emibhedeni, futhi ngeke kudingeke ulwa nezinambuzane zamazambane. Amazambane ezikhwama zidinga kuphela ukutshala nokunakekelwa okufanele, ongafunda ngokusebenzisa ividiyo elandelayo.
