Izitshalo zasendlini azihlobisi ingaphakathi lendlu noma efulethini kuphela, kodwa futhi zihlanza futhi zivuselele umoya. Abalandeli bama-greens eziqhakaza izothakaselwa ukufunda ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo ezivela emndenini wakwaBromeliad.
Umndeni Bromeliad
Izitshalo ezivela emndenini wakwaBromeliad zivela ezindaweni ezishisayo, futhi izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane zitholakele ezindaweni ezingaphansi kweMelika kanye naseNtshonalanga Afrika.
AmaBromeliad angama-epiphytes, okungukuthi, akhula ezihlahleni, ematsheni noma kwezinye izitshalo futhi athola amanzi nezakhi ezivela emoyeni nasemanzini emvula. Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi, azitholi izinto ezidingekayo ohlelweni lwezimpande. Izimpande zabo ziyindlela nje yokujoyina ukwesekwa okukhulayo.
Bromeliad
Cishe bonke abameleli bomndeni wakwaBromeliad babonakala ngokuba khona kwesiqu esifushane namaqabunga amade ossiform anamathele komunye nomunye futhi akha i-funnel. Isakhiwo samaqabunga silula: kwabanye abamele izinhlobo zezilwane banzi futhi baba mnene, kwezinye banciphile ngesakhiwo esisele. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, i-inflorescence ingakhipha, i-racemose noma yathuke.
Izinhlobo nezici zezitshalo zasendlini ezivela emndenini wakwaBromeliad
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-3 000 ezahlukahlukene zalezi zimbali, phakathi kwazo: i-cryptanthus, i-guzmania, i-vriesia, uphayinaphu wasendlini, i-ekmea, i-neoregelia, i-bilbergia, i-acantostachis, i-neoregelia, i-nidularium nezinye eziningi.
Nakani! Uzwa igama le-bromeliad de Zapata futhi ufuna ukuthenga le mbali udinga ukwazi ukuthi alikho, lokhu ngukuhlanya kuka-Ephreli Fool.
Ungazinakekela kanjani lezi zitshalo ekhaya
Cishe wonke ama-bromeliad ahambisana nezimo sezulu ezifudumele, ezinomswakama futhi onesithunzi. Indawo yokuhlala yabo yokuqala inomswakama futhi ikhula ngaphansi komthunzi wezihlahla noma inamathele kuzo.
Kubalulekile! Ama-Bromeliads awakwazi ukubekezelela inani elikhulu lokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Ukushisa, umswakama, ukukhanya
Izinga lokushisa elilungile lama-bromeliads libhekwa njengasebangeni le-15- 26 º,, kepha bangaphila ezimweni ezishisa kakhulu.
Izitshalo zasendlini zaseBromeliad zidinga umswakama ongama-60%. Leli zinga okunzima ukuligcina, ikakhulukazi ebusika, lapho indlu isifudumele.
Izindlela zokuthambisa umoya:
- beka umswakama eduze kwesitshalo;
- faka ugqoko ngomswakama, isibonelo, faka amatshe amatshe, izinto zokuhlobisa endishini enkulu ejulile bese uthela amanzi;
- hambisa izitshalo eziningana eduze kwe-bromeliad; ngenxa yenqubo yokudlulisa, umswakama eduze kwayo uzokhula;
- njalo fafaza imbali ebhodleleni eline-aerosol tube.
Ukukhanya
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zama-bromeliad akhetha ukukhanya okungaqondile okungaqondile, ezinye zingcono ukukhula ngaphansi kwesithunzi esingapheli. Ebusika, zidinga ukuhlelwa kabusha efasiteleni lohlangothi oluseningizimu.
I-Optimum primer yama-bromeliads
Kulaba bameleli bezilwane, inhlabathi evulekile kufanelekile, equkethe kakhulu Peat yamahhashi ngokufakwa kwenhlabathi nesihlabathi esinamaqabunga. Inhlabathi ye-Bromeliads ihlanjululwe ngegxolo, amalahle, umhlaba onobuhlakani, i-sphagnum echekiwe.
I-Tillandsia - isitshalo esingenazimpande
I-Tillandsia air noma i-emkhathini isitshalo esingaphandle komndeni we-bromeliad. Ilungu elithandwa kakhulu lohlobo, elidinga ukunakekelwa okunzima.
Tillandsia
Indlela enkulu yokuthola umswakama ovela e-tillandsia ngaphandle kwezimpande ngamahlamvu adinga ukufafazwa njalo. Ukukhulisa le mbali, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngomkhathi othokomele ngokukhanya okungafani (cishe amahora ayi-14-16 ngosuku), ngaphandle kokusalungiswa, nomoya ohlanzekile omusha. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lommeleli wama-Bromelievs ngu-20-25 ºС.
Ungashintsha kanjani
I-Tillandsia ingenasisekelo idinga ukufakelwa kanye kuphela ngemuva kokuthengwa kwayo esitolo. Lapho isitshalo sibuna, siyafa, ngakho-ke asidingi ukuguqulwa kwenhlabathi.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 zalommeleli, phakathi kwazo: iTillandsia albida, nsomi, banzi, Moss-like, ezinkulu, zintathu, uButsa, njll.
Iphayinaphu njengesitshalo sasendlini esibunjiwe
Iphayinaphu eyenziwe yasekhaya ngeke imangaze izivakashi ekhaya kuphela, kodwa futhi izothokozisa iso lomnikazi unyaka wonke. IPhayinaphu yasendlini iyimbali yokuhlobisa.
Ukutshala Kwephayinaphu
Ukunakekelwa kwegumbi likaphayinaphu
Ungakhula uphayinaphu ekhaya ebhodweni, uma zonke izimo zenzelwe yena, futhi ukuzinakekela akudingi mzamo omkhulu. Lesi sitshalo asidingi izihlahla, kuphela sithatha indawo entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukutshala uphayinaphu, udinga ukusika ukuphuma, okuhlanzwa yisisombululo se-manganese potassium. Okulandelayo, udinga ukufafaza isilayi ngomlotha bese usomile. Lapho-ke indawo idluliselwa ebhodweni (0.4-0.6 l), lapho kuthelelwa khona ungqimba wamanzi kanye nengxubevange yodaka yeqabunga leqabunga, umhlaba we-turf, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat (isilinganiso 1: 2: 1: 1).
Incazelo yokuthi ungakhula kanjani uphayinaphu ekhaya wethulwa ngezansi.
Ukushisa, umswakama nokukhanya
I-Indoor uphayinaphu isitshalo se-thermophilic, isibonelo esiyingqayizivele sombuso wezimbali. Ehlobo, ikhula kahle ngo-25- 28 ° C, kuthi ebusika ibe ngu-22-8 C.E.
Iphayinaphu ayidingi isilinganiso esiphezulu somswakama, izizwa imnandi esimweni sezulu esomile. Dinga ukufafazwa njalo ngamanzi at lokushisa lasekamelweni.
Kubalulekile! Lesi simeleli se-Bromeliad sinezithombe eziningi, kepha asidingi kuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga.
Imodi yokunisela
Iphayinaphu kufanele kufafazwe njalo, futhi kuthanjiswe namanzi ahleliwe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni nsuku zonke.
Kubalulekile! Ebusika, imbali kufanele yome, ayidingi ukufafazwa futhi inisele okuningi.
Inhlabathi nomanyolo
Inhlabathi yesitshalo kufanele ibe nobumba olwandisiwe, amalahle, izitini ezaphukile kanye nenhlabathi.
Ukumiliselwa kwe-Mullein (kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-4-5) kungangezwa kumxube ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwesitshalo.
Nakani! Musa ukufaka umanyolo we-alkaline nomlotha wezinkuni.
IGuzmania (gusmania): incazelo yesitshalo nezimbali
Yini i-guzmania? IGuzmania isitshalo saphakade somndeni wakwaBromeliad. Kulula kakhulu ukukhulisa ama-gusman bromeliads, futhi omabhulashi babo bayohlobisa indlu unyaka wonke.
E-Guzmania
Incazelo ye-botanical yezinhlobo ezidumile ze-guzmania
Kunezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-120 ezahlukahlukene ze-gusmania ezingomdabu waseNingizimu Melika. Isibonelo: igazi le-guzmania libomvu, i-mosaic, iDonnella-Smith, iTempo, njll.
Izici Zokunakekela
Isitshalo seGuzmania bromeliad sidinga igumbi elikhanyiswe kahle, ngakho-ke kufanele usibeka emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma entshonalanga.
Kubalulekile! Ungavumeli ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo.
Ukushisa komoya kufanelekile kusuka ku-25 ºº ehlobo no-18 ºº ebusika.
Udinga ukunisela isitshalo ngamanzi afudumele ahlala njalo ngosuku ehlobo futhi kabili ngesonto ebusika.
Lapho izimbali ze-guzmania ziphela, ama-peduncle namaqabunga omisiwe ayanqunywa.
Nakani! Isitshalo asidingi ukondliwa.
UCryptanthus: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
I-Cryptanthus isitshalo somndeni wakwaBromeliad ongenaso isiqu, kuphela amaqabunga amade aqoqwe ku-rosette. Kungakho igama "inkanyezi yobumba".
Cryptanthus
Le mbali idinga ukushisa komoya okungu-22-24 ºº ehlobo no-18-20 ºº ebusika.
I-cryptanthus ekhulayo ayinakwenzeka emoyeni owomile, ngakho-ke idinga ukushiswa kahle. Kungcono ukubeka umswakama eduze.
Bilbergia drooping
I-drooping bilbergia iyi-epiphyte enotshani enamahlamvu, amaqabunga ayo afana nezinhlamvu.
Bilbergia drooping
Ukunakekelwa kwe-bilplia yasendlini
Lesi sitshalo somndeni wakwaBromeliad asinambulelo futhi asidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Izinga lokushisa lomoya lokukhula kwe-bilbergia liyadingeka okungenani i-12 ºº.
Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo, futhi siphila kahle ngokukhanya okungahambi kahle.
Umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ngokufafaza amaqabunga.
Imodi yokunisela
IBilbergia idinga ukuchelela njalo ngenkathi efudumele (ukuvikela ukungabibikho komswakama). Inhlabathi engaphezulu kufanele yomiswe ngo-2 cm, bese inisela isitshalo futhi. Ebusika, uhlobo lokunisela lukhona kanye ngesonto.
Inhlabathi nomanyolo
IBilbegia ayikhethi ngomhlabathi, ngakho-ke ungakhetha noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enamanzi nengaphefumulelwa.
Ukondliwa kwenzeka izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Umquba usetshenziselwa ama-bromeliads.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukufaka umanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen.
Isimbali se-Ehmeya: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Isitshalo kufanele sime endaweni ekhanyiselwe kahle, isibonelo, ewindini laseningizimu.
Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lika-22-26 ºС liyadingeka, futhi ebusika - 15-18 ºС.
Umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso.
Imbali idinga ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile.
Ehmeya
Imodi yokunisela
Esikhathini esifudumele, kudinga ukuthambisa okuningi ngokushesha emva kokomiswa kwengqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu. Thela amanzi emgqonyeni wehlamvu Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube isikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-2.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi yezimbali kufanele kufake isihlabathi, amahlamvu kanye no-peat.
Galela isitshalo siyikhambi lesisombululo samaminerali ama-bromeliads.
I-Vriesia Astrid: Incazelo yezitshalo nezici zokunakekelwa
IVriesia inesakhiwo esingajwayelekile - iqukethe irosette lamaqabunga esesimweni somqhele. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kusuka ku-40 kuye kuma-80 cm. I-Vriesia ikhiqiza ama-peduncle akhanyayo afana nezimpaphe. Ekhaya, akakhethi.
I-Vriesia Astrid
Ukushisa komoya kufanele kusukele ku-24 ° C kuye ku-28 ° C ehlobo futhi akufanele kube ngaphansi kuno-18-20 ° C ebusika.
Umswakama uyadingeka phezulu (kusuka ku-70%). Imbali idinga ukufafazwa njalo.
Nisela isitshalo ngemuva kokomisa ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-2-3 cm ngamanzi afudumele. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ekwindla, ukuthambisa kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga.
Galela inhlabathi ngesixazululo esikhethekile seBromeliad.
Okugqamile noma i-Vriesia Splendans
Izinhlobonhlobo zomndeni wakwaBromeliad okulungele kangcono ukukhula ekhaya. Emagqabini, imbali inezinto ezifakwa ngotshani ophuzi kanye nezikali ezincane zokudonsa umswakama. Iqhakaza ngoFebhuwari noJuni.
IVriesia Splendans ithanda ukushisa (25-28 ° C), ngakho-ke imbiza kufanele ifudunyezwe ubusika.
Nakani! Ukukhanya kukhanya kakhulu, kunisela kakhulu ehlobo futhi ngokulinganisela ebusika.
I-Neoregelia: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
INeoregelia - isitshalo esiphansi somndeni wakwaBromeliad, osinezimpande ezinkulu ngaphandle kwesiqu, siqukethe amaqabunga amaqabunga ambalwa amaqabunga. Ikhula ibe ngu-20 cm. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama, kuthi ebusika ayishintshe ibe bomvu. I-inflorescence emfishane kodwa eminyene ikhula maphakathi nembali.
Indawo yemvelo ye-neoreligia ingamaxhaphozi amahlathi ashisayo anentaba nemithambeka yezintaba enamadwala.
I-Neoregelia
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zokukhula ekhaya
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-neorelia, cishe abameli abangama-60 baziwa. Ekhaya, izinhlobo zezitshalo zitshalwa njengeCarolina, i-marble unorgelia, enhle, i-gloomy, ihlosi le-bubbly, njll.
Imbali idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwemvelo. Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo.
Kuyadingeka ukunisela i-neoregelia izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto, ebusika - izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga.
Umswakama ophezulu (ongaphansi kwama-60%) uyadingeka. Fafaza futhi usule amahlamvu njalo.
Izinga lokushisa elamukelekayo likububanzi obungu-20-25 ° C ehlobo nasebusika okungenani 16 ° C.
Ubunzima bokutshala abamele umndeni wakwaBromeliad buya ngezinhlobo. Izinhlobo eziningi zivumelanisa kalula nezimo zasekhaya. Lapho ukhetha imbali, umuntu kufanele acabangele lokho akuthandayo okushisa, umswakama, ukukhanyisa, imvamisa yokunisela, ukuhambisa, ukufaka umhlabathi, njll. Ukuze isitshalo sithathe izimpande, kubalulekile ukwanelisa konke okuthandayo, lapho-ke kuzojabulisa iso unyaka wonke.
