Ama-Tsikas - ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe zezitshalo

I-Tsikas (i-Cycas) - isitshalo sangemuva, esifana nesihlahla, ukuhlobisa nesitshalo esivela emndenini wakwaSagovnikov, isihlobo sika-fern. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo ama-cicas yizifunda ezishisayo nezisendaweni engaphansi kweChina, Japan kanye neziqhingi zasePacific. I-Tsikas ibilokhu ikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo zesikhathi se-Mesozoic.

Le cycad ifana ngendlela eyakheke ngayo nesihlahla sesundu esinamaqabunga asindayo, anenalithi, e-cirrus, abekwe esakhiweni se-rosette phezulu kwesiqu esikhulu, esikhulu, esimbozwe ngegxolo eliminyene. Kulokhu kufana, lesi sitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi isundu sago.

Ukuphakama kwama-cicas emvelweni kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-10, emahhovisi nasezindlini zokuhlala ezingama-50-70 cm, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo - kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Ngonyaka ukhula ngo-2-3 cm neqabunga elilodwa noma amabili, ngalinye lingaphila 2-3 iminyaka. Uhlelo lwezimpande lunesimo se-bulb.

Qiniseka ukuthi unaka umuthi wesundu onjengeWashington.

Ubuthi beCycas

Zonke izitho ezizimele ze-cycad zine-neurotoxins enomphumela oqinile onobuthi. Kungadala ukushiswa, ukugula okungathí sina, nokufa. Leli qiniso kumele libhekwe lapho kukhula i-cicada ezindaweni zokuhlala.

Ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe lapho kusebenza nesitshalo, ngaphandle kokuxhumana nezingane kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ezifundeni lapho i-cygnus ikhula ngamanani amakhulu, kukhiqizwa uhlobo olukhethekile lwesitashi kusuka kumakhosi awo kanye nembewu, esetshenziswa ngemuva kokudukiswa emzimbeni.

AmaTsikas: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Ukuze ikhaya lijabulele ama-cicicas iminyaka eminingi ngokubukeka kwawo okuhle kokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokugcina i-microclimate efanelekile:

Nakekela ama-cicas ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Izimbali

Akukho okuqhakaza ngendlela ejwayelekile yamakhakhasi, inezitho ezikhethekile zokuzala. Kukhona izitshalo zowesilisa nabesifazane. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu sesitshalo sezitshalo sowesifazane, kwakhiwa izigaxa ezinkulu (ama-megasporophylls), afana nesidleke. Gcoba abesilisa babo (ama-microstrobiles), ngendlela yesigaxa eside.

Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, imbewu enkulu yakhiwa kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5 cm ubude, ibunjwe ngesimo. Izikali eziningi ezikhululekile zisebenza njengendawo yazo yokuhlala. Ngisho nokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi okuhle kakhulu kwe-cicas ekhaya kuyaqabukela kuholele ekuqhakazeni, lokhu kungenzeka esitshalweni esingekho ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-15. Ukuthola imbewu ephelele, impova yokufakelwa iyadingeka.

Imodi yokushisa

Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokukhula okusebenzayo ehlobo lisuka ku-+22 liye ku + 28 ° C. I-cycas ibekezelela nesimo sezulu esishisayo, ivumelane kahle nokukhula ehlobo emoyeni omusha. Ibekezelela amafrimu wesikhathi esifushane, kepha angalahlekelwa yingxenye yamaqabunga. Ukuntuleka kokushisa isikhathi eside kungaholela ekuboshweni nasekulahlekelweni kwezitshalo.

Ukufafaza

Ekhaya, isitshalo se-cicas sifafazwa njalo ngamanzi afudumele, ahleliwe. Chitha ekuseni ngesikhathi esifudumele. Ngezikhathi ezithile, amaqabunga ayesulwa ngendwangu ethambile, nenomswakama. Ungafafazi i-cicas ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezimo sezulu esibandayo. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama, isiqu sisongelwe nge-moss emanzi - i-sphagnum, fafaza amanzi eduze kwesitshalo.

Isibani

Ukuze lesi sitshalo sibe nokubukeka okuhle, okunempilo, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngokuphelele, okufanayo. Imisebe yelanga eqondile kancane. Isikhathi sasemini kufanele sithathe amahora angu-12-16. Engadini, isigodlo sezimbali sibekwa emthunzini oyingxenye.

Ama-cicadas enziwa ngezikhathi ezithile aguqulwa ekukhanyweni ezinhlangothini ezihlukile, ukuze umqhele ubukeke ulinganisiwe. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanyisa, isimo sesitshalo siya ngokuba sibi, amaqabunga ayakhishwa, abukeke engaphansi.

Ukukhanyisa okuphansi isikhathi eside kuholela ekuphuzi kwamaqabunga, ukufa kwabo kanye nokuma okuphelele kokukhula kwezitshalo.

Ukunisela

I-Tsikas isitshalo esivumela isomiso ngokuphelele, kepha akufanele sivunyelwe ukuthi some ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukugcina inhlabathi imanzi kancane. Amanzi okunisela kufanele ahlalwe kahle futhi abe nokushisa kwegumbi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyenziwa njengoba kunesidingo, kodwa okungenani kanye ngesonto.

Inhlabathi evundile iniselwa ngezigaba ezimbili, isikhathi phakathi kwamaminithi ambalwa. Ngale ndlela, inhlabathi inomswakama ngokulinganayo. Amanzi asalayo ayasuswa esihlangeni. Akuvunyelwe ukushaya isigaxa lapho sinisela, ukuvikela ukubola kwayo. Ekwindla nasebusika, izikhala eziphakathi kokunisela ziyanda, futhi inani lomswakama liyancishiswa.

Imbiza ye-cicas

Ukulima, kusetshenziswa amabhodwe e-ceramic noma amashubhu okhuni, anikeza ukushintshanisa okuhle komoya kanye nomswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo. Umthamo kufanele ube ojulile, ozinzile, kepha hhayi okhulu kakhulu. Okufuneka kuqala ukuthi kube khona izimbotshana zokudonsa amanzi ngokweqile.

Inhlabathi

Izitolo ezikhethekile zinikeza inhlabathi eyenziwe yenzelwe izihlahla zesundu, ilinganiswe ngokuphelele ngezakhi eziyisisekelo futhi inokusabela okuhle okune-acidic noma ukungathathi hlangothi. Ukusuka endaweni ene-alkaline, i-cygnus empeleni ayithathi izakhi zomsoco.

Inhlabathi eyenziwe ekhaya kufanele ikhishwe kahle ngaphezu kwawo wonke umthamo wethangi, ukhulule ukuvimbela i-alkalization. Kwama-cicas, ingxube ilungele kahle, lapho izingxenye ezilinganayo kukhona i-turf, umhlaba onamaqabunga, i-peat, humus.

Isihlabathi samalahle noma amatshe amatshe amancane ahlanganiswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zamanzi.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Isitshalo se-cicas sondliwa ekhaya kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula kobusika, akadingi imithamo eyengeziwe yomanyolo. Ungondli izitshalo ngemuva kokufakelwa, ngokukhanya okuphansi nokuntuleka kokushisa. Umanyolo owedlulele ungalimaza kakhulu lesi sitshalo kunokuntuleka kwawo.

Izisombululo zemanyolo we-organic: umanyolo we-mullein noma wamahhashi alungele ukondliwa. Njengemvunulo ephezulu yamaminerali, kusetshenziswa inkimbinkimbi ekhethekile yezihlahla zesundu. Ukuze ungashisi izimpande ngomanyolo, thambisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokugqoka.

Ukudluliswa kwama-cicas

Ama-cycas akhula kancane futhi awadingi ukufakelwa okwenziwa njalo. Amahlumela amancanyana adluliselwa ezitsheni ezinkulu lapho ekhula, abantu abadala - hhayi kaningi kakhulu kunangemva kweminyaka eyi-3-4.

Ukudluliselwa kwe-cicasus kwenziwa ngendlela ye-transshipment ngenkathi kugcina ubuqotho be-root coma. Inhlabathi entsha igcwalisa izindawo ezikhululekile ezungeze izimpande futhi ivuselele ungqimba olungaphezulu.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ekuqaleni kukaMashi, lesi sitshalo simisa ukukhula. Ngalesi sikhathi esibi, izimo ezithile zenzelwe lesi sitshalo:

• izinga lokushisa lomoya lehliselwa ku-16-18 ° C, futhi ezinhlotsheni ezithile - kuze kufike ku-12 ° C;
• ukunciphisa ukuthambisa;
• yeka ukondla.

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Njengoba kudingekile, gawula amaqabunga alimile nalawo amadala awele ngaphansi kwendiza evundlile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungcono ukusika amaqabunga omiswe ngokuphelele. Ngenkathi efudumele, i-cicada iyiswa kuvulandi noma engadini, ibekwe ezindaweni ezivikelwe elangeni elinukayo, kancane kancane ivumelane nezimo ezintsha.

Ngenhloso yokuhlanzeka, amaqabunga esitshalo ahlanzwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphansi kweseshini elifudumele, avikele isiqu kanye nomongo wokukhipha kusuka emswakama.

Ukukhula Ama-cycas Avela KuMbewu

Akunakwenzeka ukuthola imbewu ye-cicas egcwele ekhaya, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyithenga ukuze ihlwanyelwe. Imbewu entsha inezithelo ezinhle uma kudalelwa izimo ezinhle zokuhluma kwayo:

• Imbewu ifakwe emanzini afudumele (afinyelela ku-35 ° C) amahora angama-10-12.
• Ingxube yenhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka kungxube ye-peat nesihlabathi noma nge-perlite.
• Hlwanyela imbewu, ucindezela kancane enhlabathini, ufafaze ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi.
• Isitsha sokuhluma simbozwe ngefilimu
• Gcina izinga lokushisa lama-20-25 ° C, umswakama lomhlabathi nomoya wansuku zonke.
• Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5, kuzovela izithombo. I-Shelter iyasuswa, isitsha sidluliselwa endaweni ekhanyiselwe kahle.
• Esigabeni samaqabunga wangempela ama-1-2, izithombo zidluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile.

Ukusakazeka kwama-cicas ngamahlumela aseceleni

Ekusakazweni kokukhulisa imifino, kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezilandelanayo ezifana nama-bulbs, kwesinye isikhathi ezivela engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu. Amahlumela asikwa ngommese obukhali ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphandle kokonakalisa isitshalo somama. Izingxenye ziphathwa nge-fungicide futhi zifafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe.

Ihlumela elincane elinamandla liyoma phakathi nosuku bese libekelwa ukubamba imbamba enhlabathini eyiswakama noma enhlabathini olunesihlabathi. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwezimpande kanye nokuvela kwamaqabunga amasha (kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuye kweziyi-6) ligcina izinga lokushisa lika-+25 liye ku-30 ​​° C kanye nomswakama olinganiselayo. Lapho nje isiqu siqala ukukhula, sidluliselwa ngokucophelela singene emhlabathini.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

I-Tsikas inezidingo ezithile zezimo ezikhulayo futhi iphendula izinto ezimbi ngokubonakala kwayo:

• Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga i-cicasa iwuphawu lokugcwala kwamanzi njalo.
• Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi ehlobo ngokuntuleka komswakama.
• Amaqabunga aphuzi ama-cicas ebusika ngokufutheka okwandayo, ukukhanya okuphansi kanye nokushisa okuphansi.
• ICicas ishiya yomile emagumbini omile ngokweqile.
• Imbangela yokubola kwezimpande kunokuntuleka kokushisa okunomswakama obedlulele.
• Izindawo ezikhanyayo emaqabungeni isinali mayelana ne-lesion enesibazi.
• Amathiphu amaqabunga aphuzi I-tsikasa ivela ngomswakama onganele womoya nenhlabathi.
• ICicas ikhula kancane - umphumela wokwehla kwenhlabathi kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo.
• Ukomiswa kancane kancane kwamaqabunga aphansi kwenzeka ngokwemvelo njengoba bekhula.
• Ukuthambisa isiqu sikakhokho kwenzeka ngokubola kwezimpande noma ukubola kwe-caudex.
• Amaqabunga aba nsundu ngokuntuleka kwezinto zokulandela umkhondo.

Izinambuzane eziphambili ezilimaza i-cicada ngezikhathi ezithile ziyizinambuzane ezilinganayo, izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nokujiya.

Izinhlobo zama-cicas ezenziwe ekhaya ezinezithombe namagama

Cicas drooping

Uhlobo luhlangene impela futhi yilo olitshalwa ekhaya. Kunamaqabunga amaningi aqoqwe endaweni ethengisa engxenyeni engenhla yesikhashana (kungabi ngaphezu kuka-3m), isiqu esikhulu (esinobubanzi obungama-30cm kuya ku-1m). Ngokuya ngezimo ezikhulayo, ubude beqabunga bunokwehluka kusuka ku-50cm kuya ku-2m. Ukwakheka kweqabunga kuklayini omncane, kube nethambo elilodwa eliphakathi nendawo, kubukhali e-apex, kuxhumeke esisekelweni.

Ipuleti lamaqabunga eliqondile ligoqeka kancane ngaphandle, okuyilapho okunhlobonhlobo nalo kunegama elithi "uCycas ligobeke." Amaqabunga amancanyana aqhakaza kakhulu, abe nombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, amaqabunga aba isikhumba, acwebezelayo, alahlekelwe yi-pubescence futhi abe mnyama.

Ama-cicas curly, noma i-cochlear

Isiqu sesitshalo si-columnar, ngaphezulu kwaso kuqoqwa izigaxa (kufika izingcezu ezingama-30 umuntu ngamunye) isiraphu, isicaba, esinamaqabunga aphakathi akhule kahle. Izicucu zamaqabunga ekuqaleni ziqondiswa phezulu, futhi ngobudala zithatha isikhundla esisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo.

Tsikas Rumfa

Uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke lwendalo eSri Lanka naseziqhingini ezisogwini. Ukuphakama kwesigaxa kungafinyelela ku-15m. Amaqabunga amaqabunga anokwakheka komugqa we-lanceolate, aze afike ku-2 cm ububanzi, aze afike ku-30 ​​cm ubude.

I-Tsikas Siamese

Isiqu esifushane esinamaqabunga amancanyana, e-cirrus anemibala emhlophe ngokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuma-petioles amafushane. Isiqu sikhulu kuphela ezansi, kanti ngaphezulu sincane.

Isilinganiso se-Tsikas

Isihlahla esenziwe ngesundu, phezulu wonke amaqabunga aqoqwe ngesixha. Imbewu yalolu hlobo ngemuva kokucutshungulwa okukhethekile isetshenziswa njengokudla.