Izimbali Grouse (Fritillaria) zingezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-herbaceous perennials nakulo mndeni uLiliaceae. Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150 zalesi sitshalo. Indawo yokuhlala yiNyakatho Nenkabazwe, lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele sikhona, kanye ne-Asia. Ngenxa yokufana kwayo nengilazi yokuphonsa amathambo ngesiLatini, ibizwa nge- "fritillus" - elihunyushwe ngokuthi "pockmarked" noma "motley", kwaqhamuka igama laso lesiRussia.
Incazelo, izici
Isitshalo se-perennial, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwayo kwenzeka ngosizo lwembewu noma ama-bulbs. Isakhiwo sabo siyamangaza, ngoba ayinasembozo esingaphezulu futhi empeleni inezikali eziningi.
Uma zilimele, lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kweGrouse.
Abanye abalimi bakhetha ukubiza lesi sitshalo ngokuthi isihlahla sepharadesi njengokufana kwaso nomuthi wesundu ophakeme. Izimbali ziyaqothuka, ziyahlukahluka ngemithunzi ehlukene, zingaqoqwa ngamaqembu noma zihlelwe ngokulandelana kwazo.
Abalimi babheka ukuthi lesi sitshalo siyadingeka esizeni, ngoba sona, ngaphezu kobuhle, siyasiza futhi. Kukholelwa ukuthi iphunga elisakazeka kusuka ezimbalini lixosha ngempumelelo imvukuzane nebhere. Abanye abalimi, bawutshalazele azungeze isiza, bazama ukuzivikela emahlathini.
Izinhlobo ze-grouse
Kuyisiko ukwahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zezitshalo ngendawo yokuhlala. Isimo sezulu esinomswakama somucu ophakathi sibhekwa njengekulungele iqembu lokuqala. Ukuphakama kwawo kungama-40-80 cm kuphela, umbala ungahluka.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- chess;
- IsiRussia
- Ussuri
- -fana noshizi;
- ukushaya ikhwela;
- i-cirrhosis;
- intaba nabanye.
Iqembu lesibili lalezimbali limelelwa ngemibukiso ekhetha isimo sezulu esomile nesishisayo samazwe aseningizimu yeYurophu namazwe ase-Asia.
I-Grouse Imperial ithathwa njengommeleli omkhulu waleli qembu, onezimbali ophuzi noma orenji.
Kukhona nezitshalo ezincane kakhulu zaleli qembu: i-hazel grouse, i-oriental, i-Zagros noma i-flow-flow. Imibala ejwayelekile yalezi zimbali i-burgundy kanye nsomi. Zinhle ngokwakha izingadi zamadwala.
Izimbali ezinengubo yesiliva zibukeka zimnene ikakhulukazi futhi zijabulisa iso ngemithunzi ehlukene. Lezi zinhlobo zifaka izinhlobo zeCaucasian, i-Armenia, i-Albura, ziphuzi kanye negolide. I-Kamchatsky, i-Olga, inaliti efana nezinye zihlukaniswa imibala entekenteke kakhulu enamanothi wama-greens kanye no-cream shades.
| Buka | Incazelo |
| I-Imperial (Royal) | Phakathi kwabalimi, izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yiHazel ginger Imperial noma iRoyal. Ngehluka ngosayizi kwezinye izinhlobo zalembali. Isiqu sesitshalo sifinyelela ku-90-120 cm ukuphakama; izimbali ezinkulu ezinhle zitholakala esiqongweni saso. Isikhathi sezimbali sihlangana ngama-tulips nama-cherries. Imibala ihlukahlukene - kusuka ephuzi elikhanyayo kuya kobomvu wezitini. Kunzima kakhulu ukudidanisa lolu hlobo nabanye, ngoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa zalo zinephunga eliqondile. |
| Chess | Ukusakazeka okusheshayo nokungazethembi kokuqukethwe kuyabonakala kwigal Hazel grouse. Sithengisa kuphela izinhlobo ezinamakhanda amhlophe i-Alba ne-Aphrodite. Sekukonke, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zazi izinhlobo ezingaphezulu kweshumi ezimbalwa zalesi sitshalo sezitshalo. I-Chess grouse, ethandwa abalimi eRussia naseYurophu, ihlukaniswa izimbali ezinkulu ezinombala okhanyayo we-chess. "Amangqamuzana" abonakala ngokusobala kumacembe ansundu ansundu. Le mbali ikhula emahlathini amahlathi, ibekezelela ubusika kanye nezikhukhula zasentwasahlobo. Umbala wama-buds uphawulwa yizinhlobonhlobo - kusuka ku-lilac kuya kokumhlophe okumsulwa. Ukuzala kwesinye isikhathi kungukuhlwanyelwa ngokwakho. |
| UMikhailovsky | Isimbali esibuthakathaka, ubude obungama-25 cm kuphela ngama-burgundy efihlekile anomngcele ophuzi nxazonke emaphethelweni. Lesi sitshalo asinambulelo, sisinda ngokuphelele ebusika. Namuhla, ikhophi elincane lalezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-hazel grouse selisunguliwe, ukuphakama kwawo kungadluli ku-15 cm. Umhlabathi owomile nodonsa kahle ubalungele kangcono. Ukusakazeka kwalesi zinhlobo kwenzeka ikakhulu ngembewu. Okungenani njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3, kunconywa ukuthi kugaywe kufudumele ama-bulbs, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele nezibandayo. |
| IsiRussia | Le nhlobonhlobo yesitshalo ibhalwe ku-Red Book. Kutholakala emvelweni ezintabeni noma ezintabeni. Ukuphakama kwesiqu kufinyelela ku-40 cm, izimbali zikhulu, zibe tint chocolate. |
| Isizotha | Usayizi omncane nemibala ebucayi inikeze lokhu kuhluka ngegama elinjalo. Esiqwini esifushane, esingeqi ku-20 cm, kunohlobo olulodwa kuphela lombala ophuzi okhanyayo. Ukuphinda kwenziwe le nhlobonhlobo ye-hazel grouse kudinga inkuthalo eningi nesikhathi. Itshalwe enhlabathini efudumele kahle, enamanzi. Izimbali zenzeka ekuseni, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, bese kuthi ebusika ikhule efasiteleni, ebhodweni. |
| IsiPheresiya | Izinhlobonhlobo bezaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-19 futhi eza kithi zivela emazweni asempumalanga. Isiqu sikhula size sibe yi-100 cm ukuphakama, ama-inflorescence ahlelwe ku-isigaxa ngesilinganiso sezimbali eziqhakazile ezingama-30. Amacembe esitshalo anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti nezimbali cishe zimnyama. Kubukeka kungajwayelekile futhi kuhle. Kungcono ukukhulisa imbali enjalo enhlabathini efudumele kahle ngokuhlanganiswa kwesihlabathi, ohlangothini oluseningizimu yendawo, lapho ukushisa nokukhanya kwelanga kwehla khona. Kuphinde kube nobusika kahle, kepha kudinga indawo yokuhlala esezingeni elifanele ngamahlamvu owomile. |
| Kamchatsky | Njengoba igama lisho, eKamchatka kukhula igama elifanayo lembali yezimbali Grouse. Ekuphakameni kufinyelela ku-60 cm, izimbali zingacishe zibe mnyama noma ziphuzi ngokugqamile. Amalambu alezi zinhlobonhlobo afana kakhulu esikalini kuya kuma-lily. Ukuzala futhi kungenziwa ngosizo lwesikali. |
| I-Amansky | Le nhlobonhlobo incane, ikhule kusukela kuma-70s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ikhula kakhulu emiseleni yamatshe amatshe anamabhishi amade notshani abade. Izwe lakulezi zinhlobo zingumthambeka wezintaba waseLibya, Turkey, Syria. Isitshalo sincane, ubude besiqu sifinyelela ku-25 cm, buthaka kakhulu, izimbali zinombala obomvana ngombala onsomi. Inani elikhulu lezimbali likhula lisuka kwisayizi eyodwa encane ye-bulb. Kungcono ukuyitshala ohlangothini olunelanga lwensimu, enhlabathini enamapayipi amahle, engeza ulamula noma ushoko. Imbali iyabekezelela ngokuphelele ubusika, kodwa akufanelekile ukuyitshala endaweni evulekile ekwindla. |
Ukufakelwa
Abalimi bancamela i-hazel grouse kwezinye izitshalo zasengadini ngenxa yokungacabangi nobuhle bayo. Amabhuleki, anezikali eziningana, aqukethe ama-buds, ngosizo lawo ayaphindaphindeka.
Kunemithetho ejwayelekile yokutshala lesi sitshalo:
- Septhemba-Okthoba zibhekwa njengezinyanga ezinhle zokutshala i-grouse, ukutshala kamuva kuzoholela ekuqothulweni kwezinhlamvu noma ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza.
- Indawo lapho kuchazwa khona lesi sitshalo esisha kufanele ibe yilanga, umthunzi oyingxenye uvunyelwe.
- Amabhuleki aphathwa ngokucophelela, umonakalo uzoholela ekufeni kwembali.
- Ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini baphathwa ngesixazululo se-manganese.
- Inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu futhi ebandayo yokutshala ayihambelani, ama bul bola.
- Ukutshala ukujula kucishe kube ngu-12 cm wezimbali eziphansi, cishe ezingama-20 cm ukuphakama.
- Amabhuleki abekwa eceleni enhlabathini, afafazwe ngesihlabathi esiqhakaza.
Ngokuvamile, indawo lapho kutshalwa khona isivande ingadi inempilo futhi ilula. Kunconywa ukufaka i-peat emithonjeni elungiselelwe.
Ukunakekelwa komama
Ukutshala nokunakekela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hazel grouse kuncane. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, imbali izokujabulisa ngama-buds aqhakazile nesiqu esiqinile, esizoba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu.
Kubalulekile ukunisela i-hazel grouse ngaphansi kwesimo esomile kakhulu ehlobo, inhlabathi akufanele yome.
Ngemuva kokunisela, ukususa imibhede kanye nokufafaza nge-peat noma ngomlotha wezinkuni kunconyiwe. Kuyadingeka futhi ukufaka umanyolo kwisitshalo ngamanyolo akhethekile owomile. Ingxenye yokuqala ingezwa ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, eyesibili - ngo-Agasti.
Ukuzala
Imbali isakazeka ngembewu noma ama-bulbs. Lezi zindlela zombili zilungile futhi zinikeza ukuqhakaza ngokushesha.
- Imbewu zivunwa ngokushesha, lapho nje amaqabunga esitshalo eba ophuzi. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa enhlabathini enothisiwe. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili betshale, ama-bulbs aqinisiwe ayabhalwa futhi agcinwe endaweni efudumele neyomile.
- Ama-bulbs wezinhlobo eziningi ze-hazel grouse anda ngosayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi "izingane" zikhula. Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana, bayembiwa bahlukaniswe bese betshala phansi emhlabathini.
Ngemuva kwezimbali
Ngemuva kokuba izimbali sezidlulile bese amabhokisi eqala ukoma, i-hazel grouse isazothokozela isikhashana ngombala wayo. Bese kuthi, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, baqale ngokumba ama ama bese bewagcina. Zigezwa ngamanzi afudumele, omisiwe futhi ahlanzwa egumbini lapho amazinga okushisa engekho phezulu kuno-30 ° C, ahlinzeka ngokugeleza komoya njalo. Izimpande ezintsha zikhula ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, futhi ama aqhamuke efanelekile ukutshala.
UMnu Summer ongumhlali uxwayisa: amaphutha azophazamisa ukuhamba kwezimbali
Abanye abalimi abalindi ukuqhakaza kwe-hazel grouse futhi izizathu eziningana ezijwayelekile ziyasola ngalokhu:
- ihlobo elipholile nelinomswakama lifaka isandla ekuwohlokeni kwama-bulbs (ayavutha futhi omiswe ngokwemvelo);
- ama-bulbs amancane (ngosayizi ongaphansi kuka-5 cm ngeke kube nokuqhakaza, isitshalo sithola amandla);
- ukukhula endaweni eyodwa (baqala ukuhlukana futhi bangaqhakaza, ukuze bagweme lokhu, bmba futhi bagcine ngaphambi kokutshala kwekwindla);
- Ukufika okungalungile okungalungile
- inhlabathi engafanele (umhlaba owomile, ongacebile akuyona indawo enhle yezimbali);
- ubusika neqhwa elincane (ukuntuleka kweqhwa kuholela ekuqandeni).
Ukuze isitshalo siqhakaze futhi sijabulise iso minyaka yonke, imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela kufanele ibhekwe. Azidingi mzamo omkhulu, kepha ingadi izothola ubuhle obukhulu.
