I-Peperomia - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, izithombe namagama ezinhlobo

I-Peperomia iyisiwula. Izithombe

I-Peperomia (Peperomia) - isitshalo esingagciniwe, esingumhlobiso wamahlamvu ngama-rosette obukhulu, amaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama kumfushane, ngeziqu ze-branching. Ezinye izinhlobo zezimbali zihlotshiswe ngamaphethini aqhakaze ngesimo semithambo, imingcele noma amabala.

Safculents eza kithi evela eMelika eshisayo. Izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zikhula emahlathini aseBrazil, Colombian, Mexico. Imvamisa, atholakala endimeni yama-epiphytes akhula ezihlahleni.

I-peperomia encane engabekezeleleki enezimpande ezihlanganisiwe ilungele ihhovisi elincane noma isikhala sehhovisi, kanye nezingadi zasebusika ezibanzi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obunesizotha, kuze kufike ku-20 cm, ithatha izimpande kahle ezimbizeni ezincane kakhulu futhi ingatshalwa nezinye izitshalo. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuphelelwa amandla zifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama, ngokwesibonelo, ipeperomia blunt.

Imbali ingapheli, ukukhula konyaka kwesitshalo esincanyana kungamamitha ayi-12 cm. Kepha lapho isitshalo esidala sisikhulile, amaqabunga aso amancane futhi angathandeki, izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zidinga ukuthenwa ngezikhathi ezithile nokuvuselelwa.

	Ukukhula minyaka yonke kuyisilinganiso esingu-12 cm.
	I-Peperomia blooms kusuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Ama-inflorescences ahluka ngesimo sawo sokuqala, esiyingqayizivele.
	Isitshalo sikhula kalula.
	Isitshalo se-perennial.

Izici eziwusizo

I-Peperomia i-silvery. Izithombe

Udinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Ngokubuyisa, kuthuthukisa umkhathi osendlini, uhlanze umoya wobuthi kanye nezinsiba ze-formaldehyde, unikeze umoya omuhle nenempilo, kwakha i-aura evumayo, futhi kugcwala igumbi nomoya-mpilo. Isitshalo sasekhaya sinemiphumela ezuzisayo ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

Ukunakekela isitshalo akunzima. I-Peperomia ekhaya iyazithoba futhi idinga izinqubo nemibandela ejwayelekile:

Ukushisa	Ukushintshana ngokuzumayo akunasidingo. Esikhathini sasehlobo, inkomba efanelekile ingu-22-24 ° C, ukuvalwa kwe-16-18 ° C, emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunconyelwa ukunciphisa ukuthambisa.
Umswakama womoya	Umswakama awubalulekanga esitshalweni, kepha uma usiphakeme ungcono. Ukufafaza nsuku zonke okuphoqelekile.
Isibani	Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zithanda ukukhanya okugqamile okugqamile, ezinye zidinga umthunzi okhethiweyo. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kusithinta kabi isitshalo.
Ukunisela	Okumaphakathi njengokuma komhlaba woma. Ehlobo, okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngenyanga, ebusika - njalo emavikini ayi-2,5-. Amanzi athambile ekushiseni kwegumbi afanele i-hydration.
Inhlabathi	Inhlabathi akumele ingathathi hlangothi ku-Ph futhi ikhanywa kahle.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ukusuka sekwephuzile kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala, kudinga umanyolo okhethekile we-liquid.
Ukufakelwa	Ukufakelwa kwe-peperomy kuyadingeka njalo entwasahlobo, kepha ubukhulu bembiza akufanele bandiswe kakhulu.
Ukuzala	Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngesiqu, ukusikwa kwamahlamvu, noma imbewu.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Izici zokulima zifaka uthando lwezitshalo lokushisa kanye nomswakama. Indawo ekahle kungaba ikhishi ngaphandle kokubhaliwe okubandayo.

Ungayithenga kanjani i-peperomia

Lapho ukhetha isitshalo ongasithenga, udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukubukeka kwawo. Amaqabunga kufanele abe namanzi, aqine, aqhakaze, angabi namabala acwebezelayo kanye nesikali esinsundu. Isitshalo esine-drooping, amaqabunga avilaphayo, enikezwe inhlabathi emanzi, singaletha izinkinga ngohlelo lwezimpande.

Imbali enjalo ayifanele ukuthenga, ingafa ngokushesha.

Izimbali

Ukuhlobisa amaqabunga amaqabunga amnandi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Ama-inflorescence awemuhle kakhulu, kepha anezimo ezingajwayelekile, eziyinqaba eziheha iso. Kwezinye izinhlobo, abukeka njengeklabhu yegalufu, kwezinye abukeka njengomsila wezintwala, kanti kwezinye abukeka njengekamu elinamawashi amaningi.

Izimbali ezifakwe kuma-inflorescence zincanyana ngosayizi futhi zizolile ngombala.

Imodi yokushisa

I-peperomia yasekhaya iyisitshalo se-thermophilic futhi somthunzi othanda; akusizi ngalutho emvelweni ukuthi ikhula esihlathini esingezansi sehlathi lemvula. Kufanele ivikelwe ezinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni, kokusalungiswa ne-hypothermia. Ukusebenza kwe-Optimum ngu-16-24C.

Ehlobo, akunconywa ukuthatha imbali ngaphandle, umoya owomile namazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-25ºC ayabulala.

Ukuhlanzeka

Amaqabunga imbali ebabazekayo, ecwebezelayo ngokushesha iba uthuli. Ngakho-ke, lokho kudoti okuncane akukubi ukubonakala kwesitshalo, kufanele kuhlanzwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngendwangu emanzi, noma ixhotshwe eshawini.

Ukufafaza

Izinga lomswakama elikhulu lembali ngu-40-60%. Ukuntuleka komswakama akukusongeli lutho olubalulekile kulesi sitshalo, kepha kungcono ukuthi ungalingani futhi wandise umswakama womoya ezikhathini ezomile ngokufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile. Ungabeka imbiza ngegumbi peperomia ngamatshe amatshe bese uthela amanzi lapho ukuze avele.

Isibani

Izimo ezijabulisayo zezinhlobo zamaqabunga aluhlaza we-peperomia zingukukhanya okukhanya, umthunzi oyinxenye. Ehlobo, bazozizwa kahle emafasiteleni asempumalanga, asenyakatho nasentshonalanga. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe, futhi amafasitela aseningizimu afanele ukulinyelwa.

Ezinhlotsheni ezinhlobonhlobo udinga ukukhanya okukhanya kahle, kodwa kusuka elangeni eliqondile, iphethini kumashidi izonyamalala. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezinjalo zikhule ohlangothini oluseningizimu, kodwa zifake emthunzini okhanyayo wezinye izitshalo.

Ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi obalulekile we-peperomia ekhaya, yenza ngethoshi. Kuyadingeka ukwelula amahora okukhanya kosuku kuya emahoreni ayi-16 ngosizo lokukhanya okungezelelwe okwenziwe.

Ukunisela

Ithanda umswakama, kepha ithambekele kakhulu ekubanjweni kwamanzi kwenhlabathi. Ukuchelela kaningi kugcwele ngokubola kwezimpande nokufa kwembali. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukweqile kunokuba uthele. Ungasibona isidingo sokunisela enhlabathini uma sesomile ukuba cm cm 3. Ngezikhathi ezifudumele, umhlaba woma ngokushesha ukwedlula ebusika.

Amanzi okuthoba inhlabathi kufanele abe ngama-degrees amaningi afudumele kunomoya ongaphakathi.

Imbiza

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele uhlole ubukhulu besistimu yezimpande ye-peperomia. Lapho likhulu, ibhodwe kufanele likhulu. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi kunconyelwa ukugcwalisa kuze kufike ku-3 cm ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi kwembiza ngaphambi kokutshala.

Okuthandwayo kufanele kunikezwe ezitsheni ezijulile ze-ceramic.

Ukufakelwa ngakunye okwenziwa kwenziwa ukuze izimpande ebhodweni zisatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo futhi zingatholakali eduze kwenhlabathi.

Inhlabathi

Ukukhethwa kwe-substrate yokutshala i-peperomia kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathí sina. Ukhethwa umhlabathi ongathathi hlangothi noma one-acidic enobukhulu be-5 kuya ku-6,5 pH. Ama-primers amaningi aqediwe athengisiwe anezinga eliphezulu le-acidity futhi awalungele. Ngakho-ke, i-250-350 g ye-ash noma i-dolomite kafulawa yengezwe ezweni elithengiwe ngawo wonke amalitha ayi-10 wesigatshana.

Ungalungiselela i-primer efanelekayo ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukuthi uhlanganise isihlabathi, i-humus ne-peat ngokulingana 1: 1: 1 bese ufaka izingxenye ezi-2-3 zenhlabathi enamahlamvu.

Ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo enhlabathini, kufanele siphathwe ngezinambuzane ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese. Phansi kwembiza, amanzi kufanele abekwe ngaphandle, okungenani ama-2-3 cm.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Imbali ye-Peperomia ezimweni zamakamelo idinga ukusetshenziswa komanyolo njalo. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-2. Imikhiqizo ekhethekile efanelekayo eyindididi yamaminerali neyamaminerali yezitshalo zokuhlobisa neziyinqaba.

Into esemqoka ukuthi ungadluli izilinganiso nemithamo ekhonjiswe kwimiyalo yomuthi.

Ukufakelwa kwepeperomy

Izitshalo ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 zidinga ukufakelwa konyaka. Izimbali ezindala ziyakwazi ukumelana neminyaka emi-3 ngaphandle kokushintsha inhlabathi nembiza. Ezinye izinhlobo zibekezelela ukushoda kokufakelwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-7.

Isihluthulelo esiyisidingo sesidingo sokukhulisa umthamo ukubukeka kwesitshalo kanye nenani lohlelo lwezimpande, olungakhula lube izimbobo zokudonsa noma ngaphezulu komhlaba.

Izihlahla

Ukuphina iziqongo ngenhla kweqabunga le-3-5 noma ukunqamula isiqu ngemuva kokufinyelela kubude obuyi-18-20 cm kuzosiza ukunika imbali imbali ebukeke njengengqayizivele kakhulu. Ukusikwa kanye namaqabunga kungagxila emanzini.

Ngingahamba ngingahambi eholidini?

Ukuqhubeka nohambo, kudingeka unakekele imbali kusengaphambili, ukuze kamuva kungadingeki ukuthi uphinde uyiqambe kabusha. Ukuze wenze isitshalo sizizwe sihle ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kokunakekelwa okufanele, faka ungqimba lobumba olunwebekile olunomswakama enhlabathini, bese ubeka ugqoko nge-peat emanzi ngaphansi kwembiza. Ukusuka efasiteleni, i-peperomia isuswa kahle okwesikhashana phansi.

I-peperomia ekhula embewu

Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu yezimbali ayidingi ukufakwa isikhathi eside. Ukusheshisa ukuhluma, kuhlanza ngokucophelela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-wax ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi kufakwe emanzini afudumele imizuzu engama-40-50. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi iyalungiswa. Phansi ebhodweni kusakazeka amanzi, khona-ke ungqimba lomhlabathi nge-sphagnum. Imbewu ibekwa engxenyeni engaphansi kwe-2-3 cm.

Umthamo ushiywe isonto lonke ezimeni zokukhanya okwanele, okusebenzisa ukukhanya. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, kuvela amahlumela wokuqala, okufanele afakwe umswakama njalo. Ukuqothula kungahlelelwa izinsuku ezingama-30 ngemuva kokuhluma. Ukufakelwa okuseduze kwesitshalo ngeke kudingeke ngaphambi konyaka.

Ngokutshala imbewu, kukhethwe umthamo ongu-8-9 cm ubukhulu.

Ukuzala

Ukwahlukaniswa kwesitshalo kulula impela, izinhlobo eziningana zokuzala ziyatholakala.

Ukusakazeka kwe-peperomia ngokusika

Le yindlela ebiza kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa kwezimbali. Isiqu esinqunyiwe sihlanza wonke amaqabunga ngaphandle kwamaqabunga aphezulu, kwesokunxele ukuze some amahora 1-1,5 futhi sitshalwe ukuze kube nengcambu engxenyeni ye-sand-peat izinyanga eziyi-1-1,5.

Ukushisa kwenhlabathi kumele okungenani kube ngu-25 ° C. Izinhlobo eziningi zingagxila emanzini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiqu sibekwa emanzini afudumele futhi silindele ukwakheka kwezimpande.

Ukukhiqizwa kweqabunga le-peperomia

Iqabunga elinesiqu elihlukaniswe isiqu okungenani nge-1 cm liphathwa ngezimpande futhi lifakwe engxube ye-sand-peat. Ukusuka ngaphezulu, isitsha simbozwe ngesikhwama bese sishiywe ekushiseni kwama-degrees ayi-15 ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyisa.

Zingakapheli izinyanga eziyi-1-1,5, inhlabathi inomswakama ngokulinganayo, bese ibhodwe liguqulwa likhanyiselwe ukuze izitolo ezintsha ezingaphansi kweshidi zakhiwe ngokulinganayo. Ngemuva kwalokho amahlumela amasha e-basal ahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe. Ukuqhakaza kwazo kungenzeka ngonyaka wokuqala.

Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, ezinjenge-peperomia yesiliva, zingakhiqiza ezingxenyeni zamaqabunga. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuba khona kwengxenye okungenani iqabunga elinamathiselwe kuyo isiqu.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Lapho ukhula, kungavela lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:

Amahlamvu ayawa futhi awe - Ukunisela okunganele. Ebusika, isizathu kungenzeka ukungahambisani nombuso wokushisa.
I-Petioles yamaqabunga iphenduka imnyama - umswakama okweqile
Amafomu wokubhubhisa amaqabunga - Ukunisela ngokweqile.
Amathiphu amaqabunga ansundu peperomia - ukuvezwa kokusalungiswa noma ukubanda.
Amaqabunga aba buvila ebusika - umswakama okweqile, ehlobo - ukukhanya ngokweqile.
Ukunisela amaqabunga ngokunisela okwanele - ukubola kwezimpande ngenxa yokuchichima.

Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu yizinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikali, ama-thrips, mealybug, izibungu zesicabucabu.

Izinhlobo ze-peperomia yasekhaya enezithombe namagama

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo, lezi ezilandelayo zilungele kakhulu ukulinyelwa ekhaya.

I-Peperomy

Amacembe aminyene, anamnyama, aluhlaza okotshani anama-petioles amafushane. Banesimo se-ellipse noma iqanda elijikayo, ichopho lize limfushane. Ubude beplate yephepha ngu-6-12 cm, ububanzi buyi-2,5-5 cm.

I-Peperomia magnolia

Umqhele omnyama, amaqabunga anesikhumba, aluhlaza satjani, ofana namapuleti amaqabunga eMagnolia.

Shwabene Peperomia

Imbali encanyana enamaqabunga agqamile, aqoshwe. Umbala - luhlaza okotshani, onama-brown anemibala. Kunamathiselwe eduze komunye nomunye ku-petioles ende ye-pink hue ethambile. Iqhakaza ehlobo ngama-spikelets amhlophe qhwa.

Isiliva le-Peperomia (ikhabe)

Amaqabunga aminyene we-Ovoid afinyelela ku-8 cm ubude anemibala eluhlaza enamabala amhlophe, ama-beige, afana nekhasi le-watermelon. Lesi sitshalo sihlanganisiwe, sikhula kungadluli ku-11-13 cm.

Ukugibela i-Peperomia

Ukubukeka kwe-Ampelic kwesitshalo esinama-oval, kukhombe emaphethelweni amaqabunga aze afike ku-5 cm ubude. Isiqu sinombala opinki, ungazungeza ukusekelwa okufana nomvini.

Peperomia Klusielistnaya

I-perennial enamaqabunga amakhulu, anamaqabunga amaqabunga ama-14-16 cm ubude nama-7-9 cm ububanzi. I-Petioles imfushane, inamathele ngokuhlukile kwesiqu. Amacembe aluhlaza omnyama onomngcele onsomi noma obomvu.

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlala efulethini noma ehhovisi, ngokuqinisekile luzoba umhlobiso ofanelekayo wekamelo.