I-Hippeastrum ingukuqhakaza kwezimbali okuqandayo komndeni wakwa-Amaryllis. Ingatholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseLatin America, kwesinye isikhathi naseNingizimu Afrika. Inani eliyinhloko lesitshalo izimbali ezinkulu ezikhanyayo. Zifana nesixhaxu esibuthakathaka, kepha ukufeza i-blopeastrum egelezayo akuhlali kulula. Ukuze ujabulele ubuhle bezimbali ngokugcwele, udinga ukwazi ezinye izimfihlo zokunakekelwa.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-rhizome ye-hippeastrum iyisibalo esiyindilinga esinqenqemeni ka-5- 10 cm. I-rosette yamahlamvu aluhlaza omnyama iyavula ivela entanyeni emnyama, emfishane. Amahlamvu agqanyisiwe enziwe nge-Belt afinyelela kubude obungu-50-70 cm, futhi ububanzi bawo buyi-4-5 cm. Amaqabunga akhula endizeni efanayo neyabalandeli futhi ahlelwe ngokuhlukana. Kwesinye isikhathi ibala elibomvu liyabonakala epuletini leshidi, lihambelana nombala wezimbali.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sisezinyangeni zobusika. I-blouncle enamanzi engama-35-80 cm ubude ukusuka enkabeni yamahlamvu.Ingaphezulu layo linomqhele ngamaqabunga amakhulu amabili kuya kwayi-6. Imbali ebunjiwe njenge-hippeastrum ifana nomnduze. Ama-petals amhlophe, apinki, owolintshi noma amakhorali. Iphunga ngesikhathi sezimbali alikhiphi i-hippeastrum. Ububanzi bendwangu yezimbali buyakwazi ukufinyelela ku-25 cm, futhi ubude bayo bube ngamasentimitha ayi-13. Inhlamvu ngayinye inama-petals ayi-6 ahlelwe ngemigqa emi-2. Imiphetho yazo igobile ngaphandle.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ibhokisi lembethi ye-tricuspid lavuthwa esiqwini. Njengoba ikhula, iqala ukoma futhi ivulele ngokwayo. Ngaphakathi kunezimbewu eziningi ezimnyama eziphansi. Imbewu ye-Hippeastrum isikhathi eside kakhulu igcina ukumila okuphezulu.
Izinhlobo zeHippeastrum
I-Hippeastrum inokuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezinhlobo. Cishe zingama-80 izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinkulu ezibhalisiwe. Ngenxa abafuyi bezitshalo, kunezelwa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2 000 ezihlanganisiwe kuleli nani. Umehluko omkhulu ukwakheka nombala wezimbali. Kwande kakhulu isigodlo se-hippeastrum. Ihlukaniswa izimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu ku-peduncle enamanzi.
I-Hippeastrum ebomvu kubonakaliswa ubukhona bemivimbo emincane eluhlaza okotshani obomvana noma obomvu.
I-Hippeastrum yasebukhosini ikhula ngo-30-50 cm ukuphakama. Izimbali zakhona ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ezifuywe izinkomba zifana nenkanyezi enkulu.
I-Hippeastrum iyikholamu. Isitshalo sine-inflorescence ebucayi yezimbali ezinkulu ezingama-6-8. Ama-funnels e-Tubular apendwe ngombala we-salmon ngemithambo emincane e-brown-pink.
I-Hippeastrum teyucuarense. Ama-petals anesikhungo esiluhlaza kanye nomngcele ogqamile opinki obanzi anoguquko olwehlukile futhi ambozwe iphethini le-mesh. Umnyombo oluhlaza ubunjwe njengenkanyezi.
Izimbali zendlu eziqhakazayo
Njengoba imbali ye-hippeastrum inhle kakhulu, abatshali bezimbali baya kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamaqhinga ukuze bancome kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinhlobo ezintsha zikhiqiza isiqu sezimbali minyaka yonke, futhi izitshalo ezivuthiwe ngokwengeziwe zingakwenza lokhu kabili ngonyaka. Ngaphambi kokutshala, isibani singavuselelwa ukuba sakhe i-peduncle. Ifakwe emanzini afudumele (aze afike ku-45 ° C) amahora angama-1-2. Bese utshale bese ushiya imbiza endaweni ekhanyayo, efudumele. Ukunisela i-hippeastrum kuze kuvele amaqabunga akuvamile. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, kuzokhula i-inflorescence enama-buds amaningana.
Uma i-hippeastrum ingaqhakali isikhathi eside, udinga ukuyifaka umanyolo ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ngokuqala kwekwindla, banikeza isikhathi sokuphumula. Imbiza ene-bulb idluliselwa endaweni epholile bese imisa ukuchelela inhlabathi kuze kube nguJanuwari. Ngemuva kwalokho ukuchelela kubuye kancane kancane bese ubuyisela imbiza egumbini elifudumele nelikhanyayo. Kungakapheli nenyanga, lesi sitshalo siyojabulisa amahlamvu amancane.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-hippeastrum kukhiqizwa ngezindlela zezinhlobo zembewu nezitshalo. Ukuthola imbewu ngokwakho, udinga ukuhluza izimbali nge-shashi. Ngemuva kokubopha ibhokisi lembewu, likhula zingakapheli izinyanga ezi-2. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ifakwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-boric acid. Zingahlungwa kumaswidi amanzi noma kumxube we-sand-peat omanzi. Imbiza yezithombo kufanele ibekwe egumbini elikhanyayo. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwezi-20. Lapho i-hippeastrum ikhula amaqabunga ama-2 angempela, ithululelwa emabhodweni amancane ahlukanayo. Iminyaka emibili, izithombo zikhula ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuthoba, ngokunisela ngokulinganiselayo kanye nomanyolo.
I-anyanisi ngayinye endala ngezikhathi ezithile idedela izingane eziningana (anyanisi abancane abalandela). Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, izimpande ezizimele ziyavela enganeni ye-hippeastrum futhi zingahlukaniswa. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ama-lateral bulbs aqhekeka ngokucophelela futhi atshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukile.
Uma izingane zingakhi isikhathi eside, ungahlukanisa isibani ngokwaso. Bayibumba bayihle bayikhiphe ngokuphelele emhlabeni. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande ezacile. I-anyanisi inqunywa iqonde in izingxenye eziningana (kufika ku-8). Ukuqhekeka ngakunye kumele kube nezimpande zazo. Isilayi sifakwa emalahle ochotshoziwe bese somiswa kancane. Ukufakwa emhlabathini kwenziwa enhlabathini ethambile ye-peat-turf ngokufakwa kwesihlabathi. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lika + 23 ... + 25 ° C nokukhanya okuhle. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, kuzovela amaqabunga okuqala.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo
I-Hippeastrum ithola umsoco oyinhloko kusuka enhlabathini, ngakho-ke, ngisho nezitshalo ezindala zidluliselwa njalo ngeminyaka engu-1-2. U-Agasti noma uDisemba kufanelekile kule nqubo. Imbiza kufanele isondele ngokwanele, khona-ke isitshalo kungekudala sizokhiqiza izimbali. Umhlabathi wokutshala wenziwa yilezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- umhlaba wefudu;
- iqabunga humus;
- Peat;
- isihlabathi somfula.
Bazama ukususa ngokuphelele umhlaba omdala. Lapho utshala, kubalulekile ukushiya cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokuphakama kwe-isibani ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukunakekelwa nsuku zonke kwe-hippeastrum ekhaya akudingi mzamo omkhulu. Isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Kukhethwa ama-sill eningizimu-mpumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhipha amaqabunga ngesikhathi sokuphumula zidluliselwa endaweni emnyama.
Ukushisa komoya egumbini lokuphumula kufanele kube okulinganiselayo: + 18 ... + 23 ° C. Ebusika, lingancishiswa libe ngu + 11 ... + 14 ° C. Ehlobo kuvunyelwe ukubeka isitshalo emgwaqweni, kepha khetha indawo ethule ngaphandle kokusalungiswa. Ukudonswa amakhaza ngokuzumayo ebusuku nakho kungathandeki.
Umswakama akuyona into enkulu. Amaqabunga angageza ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka othulini ngaphansi kweseshini elifudumele noma asulwe ngendwangu ethambile. Ukufafaza njalo imbali akudingekile.
Ukunisela i-hippeastrum entwasahlobo kuqala ukuya kancane. Kuze kukhule amaqabunga nomcibisholo, kungcono ukuthulula amanzi amancane epanini. Ehlobo, ukuthambisa okuningana kuyadingeka, okuthi kancane kancane kuncishiswe kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuphela. Ngobusika, i-hippeastrum iyeka ukunisela. Inhlabathi idinga ukufinyiswa kancane njalo ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5, kepha ketshezi akufanele luhlangane ne-bulb.
I-Hippeastrum ivundiswa ngokubonakala komcibisholo wezimbali lapho ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela ku-15 cm. Ungenza umanyolo wezitshalo ezigeleza ngaphakathi. Ifakwa emanzini bese ithelwa emhlabathini kabili ngenyanga kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-Hippeastrum isengozini yezifo zokukhunta. Uma kuvela ibala elithambile kule bulb, bese kubola ukubuna. Lapho ubukhulu bethotho lincane, ungazama ukusindisa isitshalo. Ukugxila kunqunywa ezicini ezinempilo. Isilayi siphathwa nge-foundationazole kanye nekhabhoni esebenze kahle. Isibani somisiwe emoyeni izinsuku ezingama-5-6, emva kwalokho sidluliselwe enhlabathini entsha.
I-Hippeastrum ingahlaselwa izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, kanye nama-mealybugs. Izinambuzane kufanele ziqoqwe, umqhele kanye nenhlabathi kufanele kuphathwe ngesinambuzane.
