Ukuthengwa kwe-incubator yasekhaya kufaka indawo yabanikazi bezinkukhu zokubeka futhi kukuvumela ukuba uthole inzalo engaphezulu kuka-90%. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa, uma umlimi enenjongo yokuzalisa izinkukhu, khona-ke i-incubator izoba utshalomali omuhle, ozokhokha izikhathi ezingu-2-3 zokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ububanzi bamadivayisi wokuzalisa izinkukhu namuhla bukhulu. Ukuyiqonda kunzima kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko sikunikeza incazelo yenye yamadivayisi - "Ryabushka IB-130". Uzofunda ukuthi ungayisingatha kanjani nokuthi ungaphila ukuzalana kwezinkukhu eziphezulu.
Incazelo
I-incubator (evela kwisiLatini. Іncubare - ukukhipha izinkukhu) yi-apparatus ukuthi, ngokugcina ukushisa okuhlala njalo kanye nomswakama, kuvumela ukuhlwitha amatshwane amaqanda ezinyoni zepulazi ngokugcwele. I-Ryabushka-2 130 incubator evela kumkhiqizi we-Ukraine UTOS (Kharkiv) usebenzela ukuzala amaphuphu endlini encane.. Kungabeka amaqanda ezinkukhu ezihlukahlukene. Izinkukhu eziphakanyisiwe ngokujwayelekile azifani nalezo ezifakiwe. 
"I-Ryabushka" iyisisetshenziswa esincane se-rectangular, esenziwe ngomzimba ophuthumayo owenziwe ngekhanda elimhlophe esimweni se-suitcase. Isembozo esiphezulu sinamaprosesa okubuka ngokusizwa ukuthi ubani ongayibona inqubo yokufaka incubation. Ngalo, ungabonisa osemncane unyaka wonke. Inombolo yokukhushulwa ngonyaka - 10.
Uyazi? Ama-incubators alula kakhulu akwenziwa yiGibhithe lasendulo eminyakeni engaba ngu-3 000 eyedlule. Ukushisa amaqanda, basebenzisa utshani obuvuthayo. Emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika, amadivaysi okuzalanisa amatshwele aqala ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi eziningi ngekhulu le-19. ERussia, baqala ukusetshenziswa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20.
Ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe
I-incubator inezilinganiso ezincane. Isisindo salo siyi-4 kg, ubude - 84 cm, ububanzi - 48 cm, ukuphakama - 21.5 cm. Ubukhulu obunjalo bunenza kube lula ukuthwala idivayisi kusuka endaweni ngezindawo. I-incubator ixhaswa ngamandla ngamandla kagesi ka-220 V. Itshisa amandla angaphezu kwama-watts angu-60. Ugesi lwezinsuku ezingu-30 zokufakelwa kokugqoka alugcini ngaphezu kuka-10 kW. Igama lokusebenza ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo - iminyaka eyi-10. Iwaranti - unyaka ongu-1.
Izici zokukhiqiza
Umkhiqizi wephakheji kanye nemiyalo ithi umshini wokufakelwa uqukethe:
- amaqanda inkukhu - izicucu eziyizingu-130;
- amadada - kufika ku-100;
- ihansi - kufika ku-80;
- Turkey - kufika ku-100;
- izigwaca - kufika ku-360.
Noma kunjalo, inani lemali elibhaliwe eliqukethwe liqukethe ukuphenduka kwebhuku. Uma kuhloswe ukusebenzisa umshini wokukhipha, khona-ke okulandelayo kufanele kufakwe ku-incubator:
- amaqanda ezinkukhu - angafika ku-80;
- amadada - 60;
- Turkey - kuze kube ngu-60;
- ihansi - kufika ku-40;
- izigwaca - kufika ku-280.
Kubalulekile! Kuvinjelwe ukubeka amaqanda ezinyoni ezahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba ngayinye yazo idinga imingcele ehlukene kanye nobude bokutshala. Ngakho-ke, amaqanda ezinkukhu kufanele agcinwe esitokisini izinsuku ezingu-21, idada ne-turkey - 28, izigwaca - 17.
Ukusebenza kwe-incubator
Ngaphakathi kwedivaysi kukhona izibani ezingu-4 40 W zokushisa kanye nama-thermometer amabili avumela ukuthi ulawule ukushisa nomswakama. Ngokomkhiqizi, iphutha ngokushisa kwe-air lingabi ngaphezu kuka-0.25 °, umswakama - 5%. I-ventilation yenziwa ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezikhethekile nama-plugs.
I-Thermoregulation - usebenzisa i-thermostat yokuzenzekelayo. Ukushisa kwama-incubation kugcinwa ku-37.7-38.3 ° C. Kuye ngesibonelo, i-thermostat ingaba i-analog noma idijithali. Izinga eliphezulu lomswakama lizuzwa ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanzi, okuthunyelwa ezitheni ezikhethekile. 
Amathrekhi amaqanda phakathi kwedivayisi ayengekho. Izinto zokufakelwa ukuhlukaniswa zihlukaniswe komunye nomunye ngokuhlukanisa ngendlela yocingo. Umbuso wokukhishwa kwama-Mechanical. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenjalo, ukukhishwa kungaba yinye yezincwadi. Kukhona futhi imodeli ne-egg flip ezenzakalelayo kanye ne-thermostat ye-digital.
Izinzuzo nokungalungi
Njenganoma yimuphi umshini wendlu, i-incubator engu-Ryabushka 130 inezinzuzo zombili nezimo eziyingozi. Phakathi kwezinzuzo:
- ukusebenza okuphezulu;
- isivuno esihle sezilwane ezincane;
- intengo ephansi;
- ubukhulu obuncane;
- ukuthembeka ekusebenzeni;
- amandla okusebenza;
- ukusebenziseka
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nalolu hlobo lwe-incubator: "Blitz", "Universal-55", "Layer", "Cinderella", "Stimulus-1000", "Remil 550CD", "Egger 264", "Ideal hen".
Abasebenzisi baqaphele ukushiyeka kwedivayisi okulandelayo:
- Ukuze kuqhutshwe umshini wokukhishwa noma ukukhishwa kwemishini kumele ulungiswe, ungakhohlwa ukuwenza nsuku zonke izikhathi eziningi;
- ukugeza ukuhlupheka
Imiyalo ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenza ne-incubator, kufanele ufunde imiyalo. Isizathu esivame kakhulu somonakalo noma ukuwohloka kwezinto zokufakelwa kokungenisa izinto kukhona izenzo ezingalungile zomnikazi wedivayisi phakathi nokusebenza kwayo.
Ukulungiselela i-incubator yomsebenzi
Ukuze kuzalwe izinkukhu eziningi ezinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka, amaqanda kufanele akhethwe ngaphambi kokulayisha ku-incubator. Okokuqala, kumelwe ukuba abasha. Lawo amakhophi agcinwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-4-6 (i-turkey ne-goose - izinsuku ezingu-6-8) ekushiseni kwe-+ 8-12 ° C kanye nomswakama we-75-80% ekamelweni elimnyama afanele amabhukimakhi. Ngosuku olwengeziwe lokugcina, izinga leqanda lizokwehla. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokugcina izinto zokufakelwa ukufakwa kwesikhashana izinsuku ezingu-5, ukuhlukunyezwa kuzoba ngu-91.7%, kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-10 - 82.3%. 
Kuvinjelwe ukuthi ugeze izinto zokufakelwa - ngesikhathi esifanayo ungakwazi ukugeza ungqimba oluvikelayo, oluzolimaza kakhulu ukufakelwa. Kumele ukhethe amaqanda aphakathi nendawo-enesisindo esingama-56-63 g, ngaphandle kokulimaza igobolondo, ngaphandle kwamabala futhi ungcolile kuso. Uzodinga futhi iskena ye-otoscope ukucacisa ukubekwa kwe-isikhupha, nokuchithwa kwe-disinfection ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma i-hydrogen peroxide. Uma ibhekwa nge-ovoskop, amaqanda kufanele alahlekelwe;
- ngegobolondo elingenangqamuzana, ukukhunjulwa kwamanzi, izimpawu;
- i-airbag yakhe engabonakali ngokucacile ekugcineni okumsindo;
- ngokubekwa okungahambisani nendawo ye-isikhupha - kufanele kutholakale phakathi nendawo noma nge-offset encane;
- kanye nokunyakaza okusheshayo kwe-yolk lapho ujika.
Kubalulekile! Esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kokulayisha, amaqanda alethwe ekamelweni elipholile lapho agcinwa khona ukushisa. Izinto zokufakelwa okubandayo zivinjelwe ukuba zibekwe ku-incubator.Ngaphambi kokuba ulayishe amaqanda, kufanele uhlole ukuthi izinhlelo zokushisa nokufudumala ziyasebenza kaningi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele unike amandla i-incubator engenalutho ukuze ihlale usuku. Ngemuva kwalokho, hlola amazinga okushisa nama-humidity.
Uma konke kuhlelekile futhi izinkomba zinembile noma ngaphakathi kwemingcele yephutha elishiwo umenzi, khona-ke ungaqhubeka nesinyathelo esilandelayo - ubeka indaba yokufakelwa. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, idivayisi kufanele ibe ekamelweni lokushisa kwe-air + ka-15-35 ° C. Kumele ifakwe kude nokushisa nokushisa amadivaysi, umlilo ovulekile, ukukhanya kwelanga nokudweba.I-egg ibeke
Ezingxenyeni zokufakelwa nge-manual kanye ne-mechanical coup system, amaqanda afakwa endaweni enezingqimba kanye nokuphela kokukhomba. Edivayisini nge-othomathikhi yokuxhunywa - ngokuphephile kuphelile. Uma kwenzeka ohlelweni lokubhuqa amabhuku, ukuze kube lula nokuma okuhle, amamaki kufanele abekwe kwenye yezinhlangothi zegobolondo. Abalimi bezinkukhu abanokuhlangenwe nakho baxwayiswa ukuba babhale uphawu lokufakelwa kokufakelwa kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokuqala kusukela ngo-17 kuya ku-22 ntambama. Ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukufeza izinkukhu zokudonsa ngosuku.
Funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-incubator efanele yekhaya lakho.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu kuhlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezine:
- kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-0 kuya kwezingu-6;
- kusukela ngomhla wesi-7 kuya ku-11;
- kusukela ngo-12 kuze kufike umsindo wezinkukhu;
- kusuka kumsindo wokuqala ukukhanda.
Esikhathini sokuqala, izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libekwe ku-38 ° C, umswakama - 60-70%. Esikhathini sesibili, umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ezingeni elingaphansi kwe-50%, izinga lokushisa lomoya - + 37.5-37.7 ° C. Amaqanda aguqulwa amahora onke ama-3-4. Ngenkathi yesithathu lezi zinkomba ezilandelayo kufanele zenziwe: izinga lokushisa - + 37.3-37.5 ° С, umswakama - 70-80%.Kubalulekile! Ukusebenza kwanoma yiliphi i-incubator, ngisho ne-othomathikhi, kufanele lihlolwe njalo amahora angu-8.Ngosuku lwe-18, i-ovoscopy yenziwa, ilahla lawo maqanda angenawo umbungu. Esikhathini sokugcina, izinga lokushisa libekwe ku-37.2 ° C, kanti umswakama ube ngu-78-80%. Ukuguqula akusekho ukukhiqiza.
Kodwa engeza ukuhamba kwansuku zonke okungenani izikhathi ezingu-2 ngosuku ngemizuzu engu-10-15. Ungakhathazeki uma amandla kagesi elahlekile isikhathi esithile. Ukunciphisa isikhathi esifushane ekushiseni ku-incubator ngeke kuholele ekudakaleni kwezinto zokufakelwa. Amaqanda ayingozi ngaphezu kokushisa nokuphefumula emoyeni.
Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukwazi ukuthi ungenza kanjani idivaysi yokufakelwa ngaphakathi efrijini wena.
I-chick ihamba
Ukutshala amaphuphu kufanele ulinde usuku lwama-20-21. Njengomthetho, zonke izinkukhu ziphuma usuku olulodwa. Ngemuva kokuqeda, izilwane ezincane zikhethiwe, zishiya amatshwele anemilenze enamandla, ekhanya phansi, esebenzayo. Ngemuva kokunqatshwa, zigcinwa ku-incubator isikhathi esithile ukuze zome. Ngemuva kwalokho lokho kuthutha ku-brooder. 
Intengo yedivayisi
Intengo yedivaysi ene-mechanical coup is 650-670 hryvnia noma ama-ruble angu-3470-3690 no-$ 25. Idivaysi enokuthutha okuzenzakalelayo ibiza cishe izikhathi ezibizayo izikhathi ezingu-2 - i-1,200 hryvnia noma ama-ruble angu-5,800, i-$ 45.
Uyazi? Naphezu kokuthi igobolondo eliseqanda libonakala linyene futhi liqinile, livumela emoyeni ukuthi inkukhu iphefumule. Uma ubhekwa ngeglasi yokukhulisa ingavamile, ungabona ama-pores amaningi kuwo. Esikhathini segobolondo lamaqanda ezinkukhu, kunezinkulungwane ezingaba ngu-7,5. Izinsuku ezingu-21, ezichitha inkukhu eqanda, zingena amalitha angu-4 e-oksijini, futhi cishe amalitha angu-4 e-carbon dioxide kanye no-8 amalitha amanzi ashukela kuwo.
Iziphetho
I-Incubator ye-Ryabushka 130 iyadingeka ukuthenga abanikazi bamapulazi amancane abahlela ukukhulisa inani elincane lentengo encane. Kulula ukusebenza, okulula futhi okuqinile. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ezivezwe ngabantu abazisebenzisa ekhaya zibiza ngentengo ephansi ngokusebenza okuphezulu. Idivayisi "Ryabushka" yamaqanda ayi-130 inikezwa emigqeni engu-3 nemikhakha yentengo.
Umehluko ukhona kudivayisi yokukhishwa kwamaqanda (manual, mechanical, automatic) kanye nezici zobuchwepheshe ze-thermostat (analog, digital). Abanye abasebenzisi kuwebhu banikeza iseluleko sendlela yokuthuthukisa idivayisi ngezandla zabo siqu ukuze ihluke ekusebenzeni kusuka kuma-incubators abizayo nakakhulu.
