I-Echeveria - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, ukusakazwa ngamaqabunga kanye nezisekelo, izinhlobo zezithombe

I-Echeveria noma itshe lasukuma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle imbali, - isitshalo esikhipha umoya omnandi esidinga ukunakekelwa okuningi. Indawo efudumele nenokhanyayo - lezi yizidingo eziyisisekelo zesitshalo. Ukuphendula, kuzoletha ugwadule olushisayo “oluvuthayo” kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi.

Kuyisitshalo sasemuva esivuthayo esiqhamuka emndenini iTolstyankovye, sinezinhlobo ezingama-150. Indawo azalelwa kuyo i-Echeveria iNkabeni neMelika eseNingizimu.

I-Rosette, enobubanzi obungu-10 kuya ku-40 cm, ifana ne-rose esesimweni. Ikhula kancane: ngonyaka ikhipha amaqabunga amasha amaningi nama-rosette endodakazi. Uhlelo lwezimpande alunamaphutha. Amahlamvu aminyene aminyene afinyelela ubude obu-3-20 cm, ububanzi obuyi-1-15 cm, abe nesimo sokusaqanda esinemiphetho ebukhali. Ipuleti leshidi lingaba isicwebezelisi noma liyi-pubescent kancane. Kuya ngezinhlobo, umbala wamahlamvu aluhlaza, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvana noma obomvu.

Izici eziwusizo

Inothisa umoya nge-ozone, i-ion yomoya ne-oksijini, ikhulisa umswakama wemvelo, othuthukisa i-microclimate yegumbi. Igqamisa ukufakwa komsindo. Kwakha umoya ozolile wekhaya noma ehhovisi.

Ungenza kanjani ukuqhuma

I-Echeveria blooms eminyakeni engama-2-3 yokuphila. Ukuvuselela ukuqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kuluhlu lwama-degree angama-15-18 futhi kukhuliswe ubude bezinsuku zasemini kuya emahoreni ayi-12-13.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2, umcibisholo wezimbali kufanele uvele. Ngemuva kwalokho, khulisa kancane ukuthambisa bese usuthisa imbali ngomanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

Nakekela i-echeveria ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Ukunakekela i-echeveria ezimweni zamakamelo kulula futhi akunamthwalo. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuhlonipha isitshalo ngenxa yamaqabunga entekenteke ngegobolondo elincanyana lokuvikela, okulula kakhulu ukulimaza. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukuxhumana nembali kuncishiswa kangcono.

Izimbali

Izinhlobo eziningi i-echeveria eziqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo amasonto angama-2-4. I-rosette ikhiqiza i-peduncle ende (kuze kufike ku-70 cm) ye-lateral noma mpo enezimbali ezinjengezinsimbi eziphakathi nendawo eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence.

Umbala wamacembe uncike ezingeni lokukhanya: ekukhanyeni okufiphele - ophuzi, ngokukhanyayo - orenji noma obomvu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izingane zingakheka ekugcineni kwe-peduncle.

Imodi yokushisa

Isitshalo sithanda imfudumalo. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu ngalo ehlobo lingama-20-27 degrees, ebusika - ama-degrees ayi-10-15, kepha lingaphansi kune-6. Ezinhlotsheni eziqhakaza ebusika, izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe kuma-degrees angama-18-20.

Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo azwela kakhulu ebandayo nasebandeni, ngaphansi kwethonya lawo, ukuphuma kwawo kukwenza kube nzima ukubonakala kwawo.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuvikela itshe lasuka emoyeni weqhwa lapho lingena ebusika.

Ukufafaza

I-Indoor eheveria ithanda umswakama ophansi, izizwa imnandi kakhulu ngisho nangomakhelwane bokusebenza nezinto zokushisa zokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ukufafaza noma okunye ukuthambisa komoya akudingi.

Isibani

Njengoba engowokudabuka ogwadule nakuma-desertert, udinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, akesabi ngisho nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Indawo enhle isseyili sefasitela elibheke eningizimu noma eningizimu mpumalanga. Isitshalo singakwazi ukubekezelela ukumiswa kancane, noma kunjalo, kuleli cala, irosette izolula ukuphakama.

Ehlobo, kunconywa ukuyikhipha uyinike umoya omusha: kuvulandi noma engadini, ngenkathi unakekela indawo evikelwe imvula nomoya.

Ukunisela

Ukuba i-echeveria edabukisayo, idinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo. Ehlobo, umhlaba umswakama cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki ngemuva kokuthi inhlabathi ephezulu ebhodweni isomile ngo-3-5 cm. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kuncishiswa kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.

Lapho umswakama, kubalulekile ukugwema ukuthola amanzi emaqabunga futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwendawo ethengwayo - lokhu kugcwele ukubola. Ngemuva kokunisela, uthele amanzi asele epanini. Umthetho uyasebenza: kungcono ukungafaki ngaphezulu kokuthela.

Ngokunisela, kusetshenziswa amanzi emvula noma emvula okushisa kwegumbi..

Imbiza

Njengoba i-echeveria inohlelo lwempande olungaphezulu kwayo, idinga imbiza ebanzi kodwa engaxutshwe nalutho. Kusezingeni eliphezulu ukuthi ububanzi bayo bube ngama-1.5-2 cm amakhulu kunobubanzi besitshalo. Ukuba khona kwezimbobo zokudonsa kuyimpoqo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngenxa yokuqina komswakama, izimpande zizoqala ukubola.

Inhlabathi

I-echeveria yasekhaya idinga inhlabathi engenawo umsoco ongenasisekelo ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi kwesihlabathi. Isendlalelo esincane sesitolo sabathengi.

Uma kungenzeka ukulungiselela ingxube ngokwakho, ungakhetha okukodwa kokukhetha:

• Izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi, ingxenye eyodwa yeqabunga nomhlaba wefudu;
• Izingxenye ezi-2 zesihlabathi esihlanganayo, ingxenye eyi-peat, 1 ingxenye yenhlabathi evundayo.

Ukuvimbela ukubola kwezimpande kule ngxube, ungangeza namalahle amancane achotshoziwe.

Phansi kuyadingeka ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi, obekungathatha i-1/3 yebhodwe. Ekhwalweni yayo, amatshe amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe, izitini eziphukile, izithunzi zobumba zingasetshenziswa.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

I-Echeveria ayidingi ukugqokwa njalo okuphezulu. Kwanele ngesikhathi sokukhula (kwentwasahlobo nehlobo) ukuyondla kanye ngenyanga ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wama-anculents (cacti) kuhafu wesilinganiso.

Amaminerali angaphezulu angalimaza uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo.

Ukufakelwa

Ukufakelwa kwe-echeveria kwenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo, ngaleso sikhathi kuzobekezelela kalula ukucindezela futhi kuqale ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinhlobo ezintsha zitshalwa minyaka yonke, abantu abadala - njengoba kudingeka, njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4. Njalo entwasahlobo bayalwa ukuba bashintshe ingaphezulu lendawo.

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela kakhulu ukuze kunciphise ukulimala ohlelweni lwezimpande ezintekenteke namaqabunga.

Ukunisela ngaphambi kokufakelwa kufanele kuncishiswe ukufakaza imbali ngenhlama eyomile yomhlaba.

Izihlahla

Ukudalwa okwenziwe imbali noma okunye okhethekile kwimbali akudingi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, amaqabunga aphansi omisiwe asuswa ukuze kulondolozwe ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kwesitshalo.

Uma ngemuva kobusika indawo ethengisa yinde kakhulu, unganciphisa phezulu, ushiye “isiqu” esingu-3-4 cm. Ngakho-ke i-echeveria izovuselela, bese amahlumela amasha akhule.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Izinhlobo eziningi zithambile ebusika. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo kufanele sigcinwe ekukhanyeni okuhle futhi emazingeni okushisa angama-8-15 degrees. Ukunisela kuncishiselwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.

Ngingahamba ngingahambi eholidini?

I-Echeveria isitshalo esiqina kakhulu. Ukuyibeka ku-sill ekhanyayo ekhanyayo futhi uthambisa inhlabathi ngokulinganisela, ungahamba ngokuphephile amasonto angama-2-3 ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngenhlalakahle imbali.

Ukuzala

I-Echeveria isakazeka ekhaya ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: iqabunga nama-rosette.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Echeveria ngeqabunga

Iqabunga eliphilile eliphansi liyaphuma bese loma emoyeni ovulekile amahora angu-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho iqabunga licindezelwa ngobumnene engxenyeni yenhlabathi ye-echeveria. Umhlaba uswakanyiswe ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Isitsha simbozwe nge-polyethylene noma ingilazi futhi sibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele (25 degrees). I-greenhouse isakazwa nsuku zonke futhi inyuswe njengoba kunesidingo.

Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, ingane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kufanele zivele ngaphansi kweqabunga. Izitshalo ezincane zingadluliselwa emabhodweni ngamunye lapho iqabunga le-uterine loma.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngamarothi

Isizinda noma ipics elisikiwe lisikwa ngommese obukhali. Amacembe aphansi asuswa ngokucophelela. Ukukhishwa komile emoyeni ovulekile amahora angama-2-3, bese kutshalwa emhlabathini omanzi omncane we-echeveria. Isitshalo sigcinwa ekushiseni kwama-degrees angama-22-25. Isitshalo esincane kufanele simile kungakapheli inyanga.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Akuhlaselwa kaningi yizinambuzane nezifo, lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele.

Nazi izinkinga eziphambili nezimbangela zokuvela kwazo:

• Ijikeleza isisekelo sokuphuma - Ukunisela ngokweqile.
• Izindawo eziphuzi kumaqabunga - ukugwaduleka kwamanzi enhlabathini noma isifo fungal.
• Amabala ansundu kumaqabunga i-eheveria yisifo sokukhunta.
• Amacembe aba lithambile, aphuzi futhi aqala ukubola. - ukushuba komswakama maphakathi nendawo okuphuma kuyo.
• Kuthulwe - Ukuntuleka kokukhanya.
• Ukulahleka kwe-turgor - Ukunisela okunganele.
• Amaqabunga neziqu kuphenduka mnyama - Okuqukethwe ukushisa okuphansi, ukuthambisa amanzi kwenhlabathi.

Ngezikhathi ezithile ezithinteka yisibungu sesicabucabu, ama-aphid, i-mealybug.

Izinhlobo ze-echeveria ekhaya elinezithombe namagama

I-Echeveria enomusa (i-Echeveria elegans)

Inesiqu esiwugqinsi esingama-5 cm ukuphakama. Ikhipha izisekelo zamalokazana aseceleni. Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo enengubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enomumo oblong. Afinyelela ku-6 cm ngobude nobubanzi obuyi-1 cm. Izimbali zinombala o-orenji obomvu ngenhla ophuzi.

I-Echeveria meaty (Echeveria carnicolor)

Amacembe aphakathi nendawo ane-pink tint.

I-Echeveria glauca (Echeveria glauca)

Inamaqabunga ama-waxy anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onomngcele opinki nxazonke onqenqemeni. Esimweni afana nesipuni. I-lateral flower ukhipha izimbali zijabulisa ngezimbali ze-orange eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence.

I-Echeveria Black Prince

Uhlobo olu-hybrid olunamahlamvu abomvu ansundu. Ububanzi bokuphuma bufika ku-15 cm. Izimbali zibomvu koshokholethi noma usawolintshi kwi-peduncle ephezulu.

I-Echeveria-inezinwele ezimhlophe (i-Echeveria leucotricha)

Inesiqu esifushane. Ububanzi bokukhishwa bufika ku-15 cm. I-Lanceolate, i-convex kusuka emuva, amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza onamaphethelo ansundu. Ipuleti lonke lamaqabunga limbozwe inqwaba emhlophe emhlophe. Ubude bamaqabunga - 6-10 cm, ububanzi - cm ama-1-3. Kwi-peduncle, kufika ku-50 cm ukuphakama, izimbali ezinombala obomvu ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence.

I-Echeveria brilliant (i-Echeveria fulgens Lera)

Ukubukwa kubonakaliswa yi-bushility. Isokisi likamama likhiqiza amahlumela aminyene anezisekelo zamadodakazi emikhawulweni. Ipuleti lamaqabunga, kufika ku-10 cm ubude futhi lifinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi, linombala oluhlaza okotshani kanye ne-wax ecwebezelayo.

I-Echeveria Derenbergii

Inama-rosette aminyene angamasentimitha afinyelela ku-6 cm. Amaqabunga wesiphundu aluhlaza okotshani amathiphu apinki anobude obungafika ku-4 cm, ububanzi bufika ku-2 cm. Ama-peduncle amafushane (ama-5-6 cm) amafushane anezimbali eziphuzi namawolintshi avela ezonweni eziphakeme zamaqabunga.