Izihlahla ezivuthiwe zika Coniferous zihlobisa cishe zonke izindlu zasehlobo. Ziyakuthinta ukuhlobisa kwazo, ziphikelela kulo lonke unyaka, ukungathobeki ekunakekeleni, ukumelana nezibandayo kanye nezimo ezimbi ezingokwemvelo. Nokho, njengezitshalo eziningi zokuhlobisa, umjunipha ensimini ingalimala futhi ihlaselwe yizinambuzane. Indlela yokuvikela isihlahla kusukela ezinkingeni ezinjalo, ake sikhulume kulesi sihloko.
Uyazi? Ngaphezu kokuhlobisa, umjunipha unenzuzo yokuvikela inhlabathi nokuvikela amanzi. Kusukela kumahlumela alo athola amafutha abalulekile, futhi amajikijolo asetshenziswa emithi yendabuko.
Izimpawu nezindlela zokulwa nezifo ze-juniper
Ngokuvamile, umjunipha ubhekene nanoma yikuphi ukugula entwasahlobo, lapho amasosha omzimba awo engabuyeli ejwayelekile emva kwesikhathi sasebusika. Ukunyuka komhlabathi ngesikhathi sokukhukhula kwentwasahlobo futhi ukuphakama kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kunomthelela omuhle ekuhlotsheni kwesihlahla. Izinaliti zakhe ziphuzi futhi ziyafa. Ukushisa kwempumalanga kwehla kanye nokushisa ngokuvamile kuholela ekuqandeni komqhele nezimpande. Izihlahla ezincane zitholakala kalula kulokhu.
Ama-Junipers angase ahlupheke nokushiswa kwentwasahlobo noma ukomiswa ngokomzimba, okuboniswa ukuphuziza izinaliti nokuqhutshwa okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi emisebeni yokuqala yasentshonalanga yelanga, ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMatshi, umqhele we-shrub uthola ushisayo kakhulu, i-photosynthesis iyenzeka kakhulu kulo, okudinga umswakama. Njengoba engakwazi ukuphuza amanzi emhlabathini oqhwaziwe, umjunipha udla izicubu ezinomsoco we-intracellular. Ukuze uvikele lesi sitshalo kulokhu kwenzeka, ngoFebhuwari-Mashi kuyadingeka ukuba uyenze nge-agrospan, lutrasil, spunbond, uboya obukhulu be-spruce noma ezinye izinto.
Kodwa-ke, izifo ezithathelwanayo ezifayilini zisaba yingozi enkulu ekukhuliseni izihlahla. Ejwayelekile kunawo futhi nokunakekela umjunipha esikhathini sokugula, bheka ngezansi.
Alternaria Juniper
Alternaria - isifo esithathelwanayo esasakazwa yi-fungus Alternaria tenuis. Izimpawu zalo ziyizinyosi ezibomvu kanye ne-plaque emnyama e-velvety kuso. Ngenxa yalesi sifo, izinaliti ziyaqhuma, futhi amagatsha aphelile. I-pathogen ihlala emagqumeni, izinaliti kanye nezinsalela zezitshalo. Isizathu somsebenzi wayo sithuthukile. Izindlela zokulawula. Ukuze ugweme lesi sifo, kumele ulandele imithetho yemigunja ye-juniper. Futhi, entwasahlobo nasekwindla, izifutho zokuvimbela zenziwa nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid, ukulungiselela "HOM".
Amagatsha abathintekile kufanele aqedwe, amasayithi okunqunywa kufanele ahlanjululwe nge-sulfate (1%), ehlanganiswe ne-pitch ye-garden noma i-odweji kawoyela nge-drying oil in the composition. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu ehlobo, ukwelashwa nge-Bordeaux liquid noma ama-analogs awo kunconywa.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa amalungiselelo amakhemikhali ngezifo zomjunipha, kuyadingeka ukuba uqale ukwelapha eyodwa shrub. Uma phakathi nosuku ngeke kube khona ukusabela okungathandeki esitshalweni, khona-ke ungaphambanisa amanye amjunipha.
Umdlavuza we-Juniper biortella
Esinye isifo esiyingozi se-fungal for the juniper bushs yisifo somdlavuza. Kubonakala njengamabala aluhlaza emagqumeni, okugcina emile futhi eqhekeke, izilonda nezidumbu zezithelo zifake kuwo. Khona-ke umjunipha uphenduka ophuzi, futhi izinaliti ziwa.
I-agent causative yalesi sifo yi-fungus Biatorella difformis, egcinwe emagqabeni asitshalo. Izimbangela zesifo - umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini ku-cortex. Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa izitshalo zokutshala okuthelelekile kanye nokuhlwanyela okunamandla futhi okunamandla.
Izindlela zokulawula. Lapho ukwelashwa nokuvinjelwa komdlavuza we-biorcellular, izindlela ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa njengokunye kwe-Alternaria (bheka ngenhla).
I-Juniper ibark nectriosis
I-necriosis yamagxolo emagatsheni abangelwa u-Nectria cucurbitula iholela ekuphuzileni nasekujuleni kwezinaliti, ukufa kwamagatsha nokufa kwesitshalo sonke. Ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kuqala kuholela ekubunjweni kwe-red sporulation foci ku-cortex, kamuva epholile futhi eyomile. Isizathu somsebenzi we-pathogen yi-plantings enesisindo sezihlahla. Izindlela zokulawula. Uma ukwelapha i-nectriosis yamagxolo wamagatsha omjunipha, izindlela ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa njengendlela ye-Alternaria. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukutheleleka usebenzisa ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo kanye nokwindla yemjunipha kusuka ezilwanyana ezinambuzane kanye nezifo ze-fungicides. Isikhathi esisodwa noma ezimbili sanele ukunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kungenziwa nge-tank ingxube ye "Ridomila Gold MC", "Caesar" kanye ne-sodium humate. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa iStrobe ("Skor", "Quadris") futhi lignohumate ngokupompa okuphindaphindiwe.
Uyazi? Okukhangayo kunazo zonke izifo kanye nama-parasite aqiniswe, ama-juniper ahlabayo.
I-Juniper Rust
Izimpawu zokugqwala izimpumputhe zikhula ngamabala e-orange emagatsheni aqukethe i-pathogenic fungi Gymnosporangium confusum, G. juniperinum, G. sabinae. Ama-spores of isikhunta asakazwa ngokushesha emoyeni kwamanye amasiko. Amagatsha amaJuniper ayomile, izinaliti ziyawa. Umphumela ophindaphindiwe ukufa kwe-shrub. Izinhlobo ezimbili zomjunipha zitholakala kalula ekugqibeni: i-virginia ne-cossack.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba lezi amakhowe zinomjikelezo othuthukisayo, okubonisa ukuthi kukhona ama-host hosts amabili - ngokuvamile umjunipha kanye ne-rosaceous (iphakathi kwe-apula, i-aple, i-irga, i-hawthorn, i-ash ash, i-quince), ngenhloso yokuvimbela kubalulekile ukutshala lezi zizwe ngaphandle komunye noma ukwenza umgoqo phakathi kwabo kwezinye izitshalo.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ngeshwa, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo akunakwenzeka. Amagatsha anezicubu asusiwe, izigaba ezinqunywe zingenqunyelwe i-disinfected futhi zimbozwe nge-garden pitch, upende lwamafutha. Amagatsha aphilile aphathwa nge-fungicides. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuqhuma kwembuthiso zizofafaza umjunipha entwasahlobo ngezilungiso ezinjengeTilt, Bayleton, Ridomil Gold MC, Vectra, njll.
I-tracheomycotic wilt (fusarium) yomjunipha
Ukutheleleka kwe-fusarium kwenzeka emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwempande. I-fungus pathogen Fusarium oxysporum kuqala iholela ekuthunjweni kwezimpande. Khona-ke ingena ohlelweni lwesisulu somuthi, ngenxa yalokho umsoco wesihlahla uvela khona. I-Juniper ifa kancane kancane - okokuqala izinaliti ezihlumela ama-apical zibomvu, khona-ke amagatsha ngamanye ayoma, futhi ekugcineni lonke isihlahla soma. Izinhlobo eziphakathi nezintombi zitholakala kakhulu kulezi zifo eziyingozi.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo engadini yami, kubalulekile ukukhetha ngokucophelela izinto zokutshala, hhayi ukuzithenga ezindaweni ezingabaza, kodwa ukuzithenga kuphela ezitolo ezikhethekile. Uma ungabaza ikhwalithi yesitshalo, inhlabathi kanye nezimpande ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kumele kube ne-disinfected "Fitosporin", "Maxim", "Quadris."
Umhlabathi usuvele uncike ekutheni ungcwelisiwe ngaphansi kwesitshalo esinesifo esinezixazululo ze-Fitosporin-M, Gamar, ne-Fundazol. Kungcono nakakhulu uma kungenwe indawo, ngoba amalungiselelo angeke aqinisekise ukuthi isifo sokuguliswa kwamagciwane siyishumi nanye. Amagatsha agwetshiwe omile kufanele agcwaliswe futhi abhujiswe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.
Ukumiswa kwamagatsha omjunipha
Uma entwasahlobo umjunipha uqala ukuguqula izinaliti eziphuzi bese uphonsa, bese kuthi amagatsha asule omunye emva komunye, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuwohloka kwamagatsha omjunipha futhi ujabule ngenhlanhla eminingi ye-pathogenic. Ama-pathogens azibonakalisa okwesikhashana kamuva - ngendlela yezidumbu ezincane eziluhlaza ezihlabayo emagqabeni. Ukukhiqizwa kwamakhowe kusiza ekutshaleni okukhulu, inhlabathi enzima, ukuqhutshwa komoya ompofu komhlaba.
Izindlela zokulawula. Njengoba i-lesion encane, amagatsha agulayo ayasuswa futhi abhujiswe, alandelwe ukucwiliswa kwezigaba. I-shrub iphathwa nge-fungicides. Ngokusakazwa okukhulu kwamakhowe umjunipha awusekho. Kufanele isuswe futhi ishiswe, futhi inhlabathi ihlanzekile.
I-Juniper shutte
Uma unesifo shyutte esivamile, izinaliti zomjunipha ziphenduka obomvu noma obumnyama. Khona-ke limile, kodwa aliwi isikhathi eside. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, izinaliti zigcwele imibala ye-sporulation ye-Lophodermium juniperinum mushroom - izitho zomzimba ezimnyama ezifinyelela ku-1.5 mm ngobukhulu.
Izindlela zokulawula. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla yamakhemikhali okufuthola ukuvimbela. Ukuhlanza ngokuphelele izinaliti eziwile kanye nokusika izihlahla ezithintekayo. Ngokwelashwa okuqinile kwe-lesion kwenziwa ehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-Bordeaux liquid, amalungiselelo "HOM", "Ridomil Gold MC", njll.
Umjunipha we-shyutte wama-brown (isikhunta esibomvu se-conifers)
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo lesi shyutte esibomvu kwenzeka ngaphansi kweqhwa. Lapho ephuma, izinaliti zomjunipha ezigulayo zinemibala ephuzi noma ensundu. Izinaliti zihlanganiswe emagumbini, ahlanganisa i-mycelium Herpotrichia juniperi ne-N. nigra. Kamuva izidumbu zezithelo zomnyama zakhiwa ngesimo sezinhlamvu ezincane. Izinaliti ezinomsoco ezinomile aziwi isikhathi eside. Izitshalo ze-shyutte ze-snowy podkashivaet ngokuvamile zibuthakathaka, imjunipha ekhula emthunzini nasemhlabathini onomswakama ophezulu.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukususa entwasahlobo nokuphefumula ekwindla nge-fungicides. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezitshalo ezinezimbululu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa izidakamizwa "Kvadris", "Ridomil Gold MC", "Strobe", njll.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba amagciwane ajwayele ukuhlakulela ukumelana nezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic kanye nokwelapha, kuhle ukuwashintsha.
I-Juniper yokubulala izinambuzane
Ukuhlasela kwe-Juniper ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane kungavamile. Umonakalo omkhulu kunazo zonke kubangelwa ukusondeza ama-parasites: imikhaza, izikhala, amabhu nama-aphid. Zingaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Galliches
AmaGallium amazinyane amancane (2.2 mm). I-Gall midges izibungu zihluma emaphethelweni amahlumela - ama-galls ngendlela yama-cones kufika ku-10 mm high. Lapho izibungu zivuthiwe, iziqongo zezinaliti zigoqa ngaphandle.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukufafaza i-fungicides yesistimu. Amagatsha okusika nokushisa anezigqoko ezakhiwe.
I-Spruce Spider Mite
Uma izinaliti ziboshwe ngamacwebhu, zigcwele amabala aphuzi futhi zanconywa - lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuphila kwe-spruce spider mite. Lezi zinambuzane ezincelisayo, ngokushesha futhi zivame ukuzalana, ziyakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu umjunipha, kangangokuthi ekupheleni kwehlobo ngeke kube khona ukulandelana kokuhlobisa kwayo kwangaphambili. Izithombo ezincane ezinomuthi zingase zife.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukuhlaselwa kwamakhiza, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngokucophelela kokubili izitshalo ezincane nezindala. Zichitha ngezikhathi ezithile ukwandisa umswakama. Uma kwenzeka izilonda ezinomuthi nomkhaza, sebenzisa i-acaricides.
I-Juniper sawfly
Izimpungushe ze-Sawfly zilimaza izinaliti nemifino yomjunipha ngokubamba izicubu zabo zangaphakathi.
Izindlela zokulawula. Njengoba i-sawfly yomjunipha ihlala emhlabathini, ukumba umjikelezo we-trunk kunconywa. Ngokusakazwa okuncane kwe-disest kuyosiza ukubhujiswa kwamabhilidi nezidleke. Nge-lesion enkulu - ukucubungula ama-infusions kanye nezinhlayiya zezitshalo, izinambuzane.
I-Juniper aphid
I-Juniper aphid iyinambuzane encane engenamaphiko (3 mm) ombala obomvu nemivimbo emibili emnyama. I-Aphid ihlasela izitshalo ezincane. Iphuza ijusi kubo, ngenxa yalokho umfutho oyekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwawo, obuthakathaka, obangelwa kakhulu kwizifo ezithathelwanayo, futhi amahlumela aphefumula.
Izindlela zokulawula. Njengoba i-aphid ithathwa yizintuthwane ze-engadini, kubalulekile ukuthi kuqala ukubhekana nezimbangela - ukubhubhisa ama-anthill eseduze. Ukuze ususe ama-aphid ovela esihlahleni, kuzodingeka ukuthi uphathwe ngamanzi asozini izikhathi eziningana ngesinye isikhathi ngesikhatsi sezinsuku ezingu-7-10 (10 g isepha / 10 l amanzi). Uma kwenzeka izilonda ezinzima, kusetshenziselwa amalungiselelo e-bio namakhemikhali. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa ukusifafaza kabili ngekhefu lamasonto amabili ngokulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo "Fitoverm".
Juniper Shchitovka
Kuyinto inambuzane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ehlanganiswe phezulu nge-flap. Ifinyelela ngobukhulu be-1-1,5 mm. Ukuphuza ijusi, kulimaza kakhulu izitshalo ezincane eziyeka ukukhula futhi zingase zife. Ezitshalweni ezikhulile, lapho isihlangu silimale, izinaliti ziphenduka ensundu, zomile bese ziwa.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukufafaza izinambuzane "Aktara", "Confidor", "Calypso", njll. Ukucubungula kwenziwa ngokuvakashelwa kokubili noma kathathu. Izidakamizwa zinconywa enye. Ukusuka ezindleleni ezinobumnene ungasebenzisa ukubopha amabhande kanye nokuhlanza umgqomo ngesandla.
Izintuthwane
Izintuthwane ziyingozi ekuqaleni ngoba zihambisa izinambuzane ezincelisayo ezinjengama-aphid, izikhalazo kanye nezikweletu. Bahlala nasezimpandeni zezitshalo, ukubola izinkuni.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukwelashwa kwama-anthills nezidakamizwa "Aktellik", "Fufanon", ethululela amanzi abilayo kuwo. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo yezitshalo, amalungiselelo okuthi "Ukuduma", "ama-Medvetok", "izintuthwane" nabanye benza ama-anthill kanye nezindawo zamaqoqo.
Iphiko eliphikisiwe le-pine moth
I-pine moth enamaphiko i-butterfly encane ephuphuthekile enamaphiko ama-3.5 cm. Ivemvane yomjunipha ngokwayo akuyona isongo. Kodwa izibungu zalo zidla izinaliti. Zivela phakathi kwehlobo. Zinezicathulo eziluhlaza obude obuyi-3 cm ezinemibala emnyama ede longitudinal. Baya emhlabathini.
Izindlela zokulawula. Ukumba umhlaba emjikelezweni wesondo. Spring futhi uphindaphinda (uma kunesidingo) ukwelashwa ehlobo ngezinambuzane ezifakiwe.
Izinkukhu
Izinkukhu zondla izinaliti zephayini kanye namahlumela omjunipha. Ukwandisa ngokuphindaphindiwe phakathi nezinkathi zemvula enzima. Bathanda futhi ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinomthunzi futhi ezinomthunzi, emhlabathini owodwa.
Izindlela zokulawula. Iqoqo lezincwadi kanye nokubhujiswa. Ukuhlunga, ukusika ukutshala okukhulu kwemjunipha.
Njengoba sibona, kunezifo eziningi nezinambuzane ezibopha umjunipha. Kodwa-ke, uma uhambisana nazo zonke izidingo ze-agrotechnical, khetha izinto zokutshala eziphakeme kakhulu, unakekele isitshalo, uphathe imithi yokwelapha futhi uqinise amasosha omzimba wakho, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi awuboni izimpawu zanoma iziphi izifo ezichazwe kulesi sihloko ku-coniferous yakho enhle.
