Izinambuzane - enye yezine "abagibeli behhashi be-apocalypse" engadini, ezinye ezintathu: ukhula, izimo zezulu ezimbi kanye ne-phytopole. Futhi ububi lesi sikhathi sifihlekile ngaphansi kwekhalishi elimhlophe elimhlophe le-butterfly, lapho izingane zijabula khona kanye nabantu abadala abangaxhunyiwe nezindaba ze-dacha. Kuyinto enhle ukusho ukuthi akusiyo inambuzane endala ehlukumeza imifino, kodwa izibhamu zayo, kodwa lokhu akuguquki isimo sezinto, futhi uma ungahlose ukwabelana ngesidlo sakho nalaba badli beklabishi, kufanele ufunde kancane ngesitha bese ufunda ukulwa nalo. .
Incazelo ye-Pest
I-Butterfly Iklabishi - iyaziwa kakhulu ngobuningi bomphakathi omdala emhlabeni futhi ayidingi incazelo eyengeziwe. Ukudlulela kwi-biology, ungangezela ukuthi inkathazo enhle ingeyomndeni wama-whiteflies futhi awuhlali ngaso sonke isikhathi eduze kwabantu, kodwa futhi emadlelweni, emaphethelweni ehlathi, emigwaqweni.
I-adult guise ye-insecte noma i-imago (butterfly) ayinabungozi ngokuphelele kwezolimo nokudla, njengoba kufanele izidalwa ezimangalisayo, i-nectar yezimbali, ngokuvamile i-dandelions, i-alfalfa noma i-Sivec.
Okungeke kuthiwe mayelana nendlela yayo ephakathi yentuthuko - isibungu. Yisundu esondla iklabishi elimhlophe yeklabishi omhlophe, ishiya izimbobo ezinkulu emaphepheni endaweni yokudla kwayo.
Funda indlela yokubhekana nezinye izinambuzane zezitshalo nezitshalo: i-aphid, i-eyed igolide, i-thrips, ifosholo, i-May beetles, i-beps, izintuthwane, i-beetle, i-weevil, i-beetle emhlabathini.
Isibungu se-butterfly iklabishi sincane kakhulu, njengoba singabonakala esithombeni esingezansi - umbala omuhle kakhulu: umhlane ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesibindi esiphuzi. Umzimba wakhe ugcwele izinwele ezimnyama, futhi emzimbeni womabili womabili uhlanganisa amachashazi amnyama. Lezi zibungu zikhetha ukondla engxenyeni engezansi yesitshalo, ngoba umswakama uphakeme kakhulu enhlabathini futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya liphansi. 
Kubalulekile! Iqiniso aliziwa kangako, kodwa izibungu ezinundu zikhona ezinobuthi. Kubantu, i-toxin yabo ayingozi futhi ibangela ukubola noma ukucasula isikhumba, kodwa ukushona kwezinyoni eziye zagwinya ngephutha lezi zinambuzane zibekiwe.
Izici zomjikelezo wokuphila
Ubude bomjikelezo wokuphila we-whitefish buxhomeke ezimweni zokushisa: uma zihamba kahle, ngokushesha lezi zinambuzane ziqala, uma izimo zingenakulungile, khona-ke i-ontogenesis ingabambezeleka isikhathi esifanele. Isibonelo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kuka-20 ° C, inqubo yokuguqula isibungu ibe yi-imago ingahudula izikhathi ezintathu (kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-13 kuya ku-38)! 
Ngokwesilinganiso, ngokushisa okuqinile okuyi-20-26 ° C, ukuthuthukiswa okuvela emaqanda ukuya emago kanye nokufa kwemvelo kwezinambuzane kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-30-75, lapho i-butterfly iklabishi ihamba khona phakathi kwemishintsho engu-3 kanye ne-4 molts.
- Isiteji seqanda. Ngemuva kokubeletha, owesifazane omdala uvela emaqanda angama-200 kuya ku-300 ehlotshisiwe ekhanda ukuwavikela ekutheni izitha zemvelo zome futhi zenzeke. Amaqanda alamula aphuzi embala; ihlangene, isimo se-oval nobukhulu obungaba ngu-1.25 mm. Kuncike ekushiseni kwemoya, ukushiswa kwe-incubation kuthatha ezinsukwini ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-16.
- Isiteji sesiteji Intsha, ngaphambi kokuba i-molt yokuqala, izibungu zihluke ngokuzalwa kwazo: zifinyelela ku-1.7 mm ubude kuphela. Zinebala elikhanyayo elikhanyayo, elisebenza ngokuzifihlekisa kakhulu futhi lenze zingabonakali kumakhanda amaqabunga. Futhi, kuze kube se-molt yesibili, izinambuzane zizigcina zibe yinqwaba, zondla endaweni eyodwa futhi azihambanga ndawo.
- 1, 2 molt. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbungu zandisa ngamandla, kodwa kwezinye izici zihlala zingaguquki ngokomzimba. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinambuzane namanje azibangeli umonakalo omkhulu eklabishi, ukwaneliswa ngokushaya ingxenye engenhla ye-pulp ngaphansi kweqabunga.
- 3.4 moult. Ngemuva kwe-molt yesithathu, isibungu sinezela ngobukhulu, sithola umbala ophuzi okwesibhakabhaka futhi sikwazi ukuhamba emakhilomitha amade, sichitha iklabishi eyengeziwe. Ngalesi sigaba, umonakalo obangelwa ubonakala ngokwengeziwe: ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezivela kumashidi, imifino ingcolile ngendlala. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokunqotshwa okuqinile, izitshalo kuphela ezihlala ezihlakalweni zangaphandle zeklabishi.
- Baby doll Emva kokugcina, i-molt yesine, isibungu sifinyelela usayizi ophezulu (50-60 mm.) Futhi emva kokuba sesesimweni esinjalo izinsuku ezingu-7-10 iqala ukuqhuma. NgoMeyi / ngoJuni wonyaka olandelayo, abantu abadala bavela emanzini. Isikhathi se-holometabolism (isimo se-pupa) ku-butterflies sinezinsuku ezingu-9-30. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, izizukulwane ezimbili kuya kwezi-4 ze-butterflies zingadalwa ngenkathi eyodwa. Yilokho idoli lesikhumba lesikhumba elibukeka sengathi:
Uyazi? Ezinye izimvemvane azidli nhlobo - zivele zingenalo umlomo! Futhi lezi zinambuzane zihlala ngengozi yamandla atholakale esigabeni sesibungu.
Indlela yokubona inkathazo futhi yimuphi ingozi yayo?
Ukubona inkathazo ezinyathelweni zokuqala ze-ontogenesis kungenzeka kuphela ngokuhlola ngokucophelela ingxenye yempande yamakhanda amaklabishi. Hlola izithombo zingaqala phakathi kukaJuni. Ngalesi sikhathi, isidingo sokugxila ekutholeni nasekubhujisweni kwemigqa.
Yileyo ndlela indlu efana nayo ibukeka ngayo. Ngaphakathi maphakathi noJuni, isitha sizobukeka kanje: 
Amacimbi angatholakala futhi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kusukela ngalesi sigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwawo akubanga imbangela enkulu emthini futhi kubonakala sengathi unempilo. Amacimbi emva kwama-molts angu-3-4 ayingozi kakhulu ekuvuneni esizayo. Lezi zinambuzane zivutha kakhulu futhi imifino ethintekile ibonakala ngokucacile, futhi ukutholakala kwezinambuzane akungabazeki. Inhloko ethintekile izimbali ezimhlophe: 
Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi izimbungu zisebenza kakhulu, ungabheka kalula zihamba zikhululekile kulo lonke isitshalo: 
Futhi, esinye sezibikezelo noma izimpawu zakuqala zokuba khona kweklabishi kungase ibhukule ngaphezu kwamasiko abantu abadala kulezi zinambuzane.
Ukulimala kwenziwe
Ngezilonda eziningi, amacimbi ama-whitefly anganciphisa kakhulu izinga lezitshalo, futhi akwenze ukuthi alungele ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa.
Ukulimala okubangelwa yi-mandibles yabo kubangelwa ukulahlekelwa umswakama okwenziwe yimifino. Uma sicabangela ukucaca kwekhabishi, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya elilinganiselwa ku-20 ° C lingcono kakhulu, ukushisa kwehlobo nokunyuka, ngenxa yomonakalo, ukukhuphuka komswakama kungabangela ukukhula, ukulahlekelwa yizimfanelo noma ngisho nokubulala isitshalo. Izimpawu zesimo esichazwe: ukuphuziza, ukulahleka kokuqina, bese uqedela ukumiswa kwamashidi. 
Kodwa ukulahlekelwa umswakama akuyona yingozi kuphela. Ukulimala kuvulwa indlela yebhaktheriya ehlukahlukene ye-pathogenic ne-fungus, okuqinisekisiwe ukuqedela umsebenzi oqalwe yizinambuzane. Imifino "eyalimala" ayivikeleki izifo ezinjenge-gray mold, i-punctate bacteriosis / necrosis kanye ne-downy mildew (peronosporiosis).
Isifo esivame kakhulu seklabishi yisifo ngasinye.
Indlela yokulwa?
Ukulwa nezinambuzane zase-jalimane nezensimu - umzuzwana obangela ukungaboni kahle kwangaphakathi kunoma yimuphi umlimi. Ngempela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iningi lethu esivandeni sethu sithandwa ithuba lokuthola umkhiqizo onobungane, ongu-100% owusizo. Futhi lapho kudingeka isidingo sokusebenzisa ubuthi, imbungu yokungabaza iqala ukuqeda ama-pathos okudla okunempilo nemikhiqizo "ehlanzekile".
Ngenhlanhla, ukubhujiswa kwamakhamishi amacimbi kwakhiwa, kokubili kuma laboratories nangabalimi ngokwabo, izindlela eziningi zokulwa. Kunconywa ukuthi ucabange ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephephile empilweni yabantu.
Ukulungiselela
Ukuzethemba kwabalimi bakwazi ukuwubamba izinambuzane ezinjalo njengeFitoverm, Aktellik noLepidotsid.
I-Fitoderm - isidakamizwa semvelo. Isithako saso esisebenzayo yizinto ezibalulekile zomkhiqizo wemikhakha yezakhamuzi ezivamile zenhlabathi. Isidakamizwa sithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa ze-disest, okwenza ukukhubazeka futhi kufe. I-Phytoverm inenzuzo eningana, phakathi kwayo yilezi: a) isenzo esiningi (futhi ilwa neColorado, Medvedka, ama-aphid, ama-leafworms, ama-phyto-mites); b) kuphephile kubantu, njengoba kungagcini emahlathini esitshalo futhi ngokushesha kuwela emhlabathini nasemanzini. Ukucubungula kusho ukuthi kunconywa ukuthi kuqhutshwe ukuthi kukhona khona amacimbi, njengoba kusebenza kuphela ngokumelene nezinambuzane zokugaya nokuncelisa. Isinyathelo sikaFitoverma sizobonakala kakade emva kwamahora angu-6-8 kusukela ngesikhathi sokulashwa. Kulezi zimayini kungaphawulwa ukuthi naphezu kwezinyathelo eziningi ezahlukene, ithuluzi lingashiya ukushisa kwezinye izitshalo, kodwa liphephile iklabishi. Sebenzisa ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Actellic - i-organophosphate insecticide. I-spectect yesenzo ifana no-Fitoverma. Ugcina umphumela wokuzivikela emasontweni angu-3-4 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ngesilinganiso esifanele, akuyona into enobuthi. Ishesha ngokuwa ngemva kokuwa ebusweni beshidi noma inhlabathi. Umphumela wesicelo kwenzeka esikhathini kusuka kumaminithi ambalwa kuya ku-1 ihora ngemva kokwelashwa. Sebenzisa ngokusho kwemiyalelo.- Lepidocid - isidakamizwa semvelo. Isenzo se-insecticide sichaza kakhulu, sisebenza kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezinambuzane ngenxa yezici zabo zokuziphatha. Isithako esisebenzayo - ama-spores nama-crystals angabodwa we-bacteria enhlabathini Bacillus thuringiensis.
Esikhathini se-cytoplasm yalezi zinhlobo zamagciwane, kune-protein-protoxin, ehlanjululwa kuphela emathunjini ezinhlobo ezithile zezinambuzane. Kuphephile ngokuphelele kubantu nakuwo wonke ama-vertebrates. njengoba kudingeka, kungenzeka ukucubungula ngesikhathi ngasinye sokukhula. Landela imiyalo.
I-Fitoderm - isidakamizwa semvelo. Isithako saso esisebenzayo yizinto ezibalulekile zomkhiqizo wemikhakha yezakhamuzi ezivamile zenhlabathi. Isidakamizwa sithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa ze-disest, okwenza ukukhubazeka futhi kufe. I-Phytoverm inenzuzo eningana, phakathi kwayo yilezi: a) isenzo esiningi (futhi ilwa neColorado, Medvedka, ama-aphid, ama-leafworms, ama-phyto-mites); b) kuphephile kubantu, njengoba kungagcini emahlathini esitshalo futhi ngokushesha kuwela emhlabathini nasemanzini. Ukucubungula kusho ukuthi kunconywa ukuthi kuqhutshwe ukuthi kukhona khona amacimbi, njengoba kusebenza kuphela ngokumelene nezinambuzane zokugaya nokuncelisa. Isinyathelo sikaFitoverma sizobonakala kakade emva kwamahora angu-6-8 kusukela ngesikhathi sokulashwa. Kulezi zimayini kungaphawulwa ukuthi naphezu kwezinyathelo eziningi ezahlukene, ithuluzi lingashiya ukushisa kwezinye izitshalo, kodwa liphephile iklabishi. Sebenzisa ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Actellic - i-organophosphate insecticide. I-spectect yesenzo ifana no-Fitoverma. Ugcina umphumela wokuzivikela emasontweni angu-3-4 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ngesilinganiso esifanele, akuyona into enobuthi. Ishesha ngokuwa ngemva kokuwa ebusweni beshidi noma inhlabathi. Umphumela wesicelo kwenzeka esikhathini kusuka kumaminithi ambalwa kuya ku-1 ihora ngemva kokwelashwa. Sebenzisa ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Esikhathini se-cytoplasm yalezi zinhlobo zamagciwane, kune-protein-protoxin, ehlanjululwa kuphela emathunjini ezinhlobo ezithile zezinambuzane. Kuphephile ngokuphelele kubantu nakuwo wonke ama-vertebrates. njengoba kudingeka, kungenzeka ukucubungula ngesikhathi ngasinye sokukhula. Landela imiyalo.Kubalulekile! Izindlela zokulawula kufanele zikhethwe ngokuhambisana nesigaba esilindelekile sokuthuthukiswa kwezinambuzane. Isibonelo, akusizi ngalutho ukuhlanza izitshalo uma izinambuzane zingakabikho amaqanda noma zivele zivele.
Izindlela zezinto eziphilayo kanye namakhambi abantu
Izindlela zezinto eziphilayo zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane eziphilayo kanye nezinhlobo ze-entomophages. Futhi uma kunezinambuzane eziphilayo ezinambuzane eziphilayo yonke into ecacile noma engacacile, i-entomophages ingumqondo omusha emnothweni wasekhaya wezolimo.
Ama-entomophages yizinambuzane, izitha zemvelo zezinambuzane zasendle. Futhi lapha izindaba zikagogo ziyakhumbula ukuthi kusebenza kanjani i-ladybug, ngoba idla ama-aphid. Ngempela, le ndlela yomzabalazo ibonakala iyilungile, ngoba izogwema izindleko zezinyosi, futhi kungcono kakhulu ukubeka umkhiqizo "ohlanzekile" epulatifeni. Ukubanjwa kungukuthi ubonise kanjani lezi zilwane ezincane ezincane izindawo ezinotshani ezinezinqwaba zezibungu? Kukhona indlela!
Ekhuluma ngezitha zemvelo zeklabishi, ungabiza umgibeli uPimpla (uPimpla Fabricius). 
Ucwaningo olusebenzisa laba bagibeli, olwenziwa esifundeni saseKiev ngo-1944, lwabonisa ukubhujiswa okuphelele ngokuphelele kwe-whitefish (95-98%). Abantu abadala bakhangwa izitshalo ezithwala ama-nectar, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukutshala i-dill nezinye izitshalo ezimbali ezikude eduze neklabishi. Umhlonyane, i-mint kanye ne-tansy kuzosabisa ama-butterflies.
Izindlela zomphakathi futhi ithandwa.
- Ukufafaza ikhambi leviniga. 1 tbsp. l / 10 l. amanzi. Yenza isixazululo sokuhlushwa okufunayo bese uphefaza iklabishi. Izinambuzane ezindizayo ziphikiswa ngephunga elibukhali, futhi ukuhlafuna kuyinto ephezulu kakhulu.
- I-soda yethebula le-soda + isala lokugeza. Ngama-4 amalitha amanzi sithatha 1 tbsp. l baking soda kanye no-1 tbsp. l imizi ehlutshiwe isepha. Dissolve kuze kube bushelelezi. Ngaphandle kweklabishi, ithuluzi libhekene nezinambuzane ezifana ne-aphid ne-fleas engadini.
- Ukukhangiswa kwezilwane ezidla inyamazane. Indlela yezinto eziphilayo eziphuthumayo ukulwa namacimbi. Ukuphala amanzi amnandi kuyodonsela ama-wasps, izitha zawo zemvelo.
- Ukuthatha ngesandla. Yebo, akekho oye wakhansela indlela enjalo yomzabalazo njengokubhujiswa kwemishini. Ngokweqile konke okubonakalayo, kwezinye izimo, ukuqoqwa kwemibhalo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu. Futhi ekuqaleni kwenkathi, lapho kubonakala khona ukuthungatha, kuphela okusemandleni.
Uyazi? Umzwa wensimu akuyona nje isici sezilwane. I-butterfly ngeke ihlale endaweni lapho omunye ehlezi khona ngaphambili. Lapho bebona iphethini elinjalo, abanye basebenzisa amaqanda amaqanda, abethelelwe ngenduku, okuyinto ama-butterflies abawabona njengayo.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuhamba ngokujulile, umuntu angaqiniseka ngobukhulu bokuhlangenwe nakho nemisebenzi yabalimi-abalimi abashicilela inqwaba yezindlela zokuvimbela ezenzelwe ukugwema umonakalo we-whitefish. Ukuqhubeka nokuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onesakhiwo esikhethekile kanye nemishini yokuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokuvimbela eziyinkimbinkimbi, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana ezifinyelelekayo, kodwa ezingenasiphansi (futhi ngisho nezigunyazo).
- Ukukhulula inhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukumba bese ukhulula inhlabathi ekwindla emva kokuvuna futhi ngaphambi kokutshala entsha.
- Ukushisa phansi kokuwa kwezindawo zokufika. U-Ash ufaka umhlabathi, ubhubhisa imbewu yokhula namagundane ama-cabbages, angase ahlale kuphi endaweni yokutshala.
- Ungavumeli ukukhula kokhula lwesihluthulelo, okuzobe sekugxilwe ekukhiqizeni izinambuzane.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zokufika. Umthetho owaziwayo ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukubeka eceleni indawo ethile yezitshalo esisodwa isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubangela ukuqoqwa kwezifo ezithile, amabhaktheriya nezinambuzane.
Ukulima okufanelekile nokuphathwa kwezinambuzane ezihlakaniphile kuzokwenza okungaphezu kwesigamu somsebenzi okuhlobene nemifino ekhulayo kuwe. Yenza ngokuhlakanipha futhi inhlanhla iqinisekisiwe!
