I-Soleirolia (i-gelksina, i-gloxinia) iyisitshalo seminyaka engama-25 somndeni wamaNettle. Izindawo zokusabalalisa - iMedithera, amahlathi anomswakama weziqhingi zaseSardinia naseCorsica.
Yatholwa okokuqala ngekhulu le-XIX, ngukaputeni uSoleirol, ngenxa yomtholi, imbali yathola igama laso.
Incazelo
Lesi sitshalo sinezinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo zohlobo lwamagatsha, zakha ukhaphethi oluhlaza obukhulu. Uhlelo lwezimpande lufana nentambo, mncane.
Amahlamvu maningi, ububanzi, afinyelela ku-0,6 mm ngosayizi, futhi ukwakheka kwawo kunenhliziyo-inso. Abantu, ngenxa yamaqabunga, lesi sitshalo sasibizwa ngokuthi "ngaphakathi endlini duckweed."
Izimbali zincane, azishadi, afinyelela ku-1 mm ngosayizi. Umbala - ukhilimu noma omhlophe, awukho iphunga.
Izinhlobo
Kukhona kuphela inhlobo eyodwa kuhlobo - iSoleolirol saltworm, okubandakanya izinhlobo eziningi:
| Ibanga | Incazelo |
| Luhlaza | Amahlamvu aluhlaza okhanyayo, ububanzi - kufika ku-2 cm. Kubhekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezincane futhi zilungele ukuthenwa. |
| I-Argentina | Inamahlamvu esalvery. |
| Aurea | Kukhona amaqabunga egolide. |
| I-Variegata | Amagqabi anemibala eluhlaza, umngcele omncane ozungeze onqenqemeni, omhlophe. |
Ukunakekela usawoti ekhaya
Ngokunikezwa isikhathi sonyaka, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-gloxinia kuyahluka kakhulu:
| Isikhathi sonyaka | Ukushisa | Umswakama womoya | Isibani |
| Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | + 20 ... + 25 ° C | Kusuka kuma-60% kuya kuma-80%. Ukugcina leli zinga ngezinsuku ezifudumele, udinga ukufafaza imbali kathathu ngosuku. | Kungcono ukubeka endaweni ethile. Indawo enhle kakhulu kungaba ngewindi lasempumalanga, enyakatho nentshonalanga. |
| Ukuwa kobusika | + 15 ° C | Fafaza amahlandla amabili noma amathathu ngesonto ukuze ulondoloze umswakama. | Kuzodingeka izibani ezisizayo, ngokushoda kokukhanya, amahlumela weluliwe, anciphile. |
Ukunisela
Ngenkathi efudumele, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa kaningi futhi kuningi, futhi lapho isimo sezulu esibandayo siqala, kufanele kube ngokulingana. Izimpande zezimbali akufanele zivunyelwe ukuba zome.
Ukunisela kwenziwa ngamanzi athambile futhi ahlanziwe + 24 ... + 27 ° C. Kusukela emanzini abandayo, usawoti uzofa.
Izitshalo ezincane ziniselwa njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3, abantu abadala - kanye ezinsukwini ezi-5.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuthambisa kwenziwa kabili ngenyanga ngenkathi efudumele. Kunconywa ukuthi unikeze ukukhetha ezinhlobonhlobo ze-liquid zezakhi zomsoco. Inketho efanelekile kungaba ikhambi lendawo yonke yezitshalo zokuhlobisa nezishukumisayo, ngokwesibonelo, iKemiru-lux. Ukugxila kufanele kwenziwe kaningana ngaphansi kwalapho kukhonjiswe kuphakeji.
Ukugibela, ukukhethwa komthamo, inhlabathi, izindlela zokufakelwa, ukwesekwa
I-Gloxinia ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuthi zibuyiselwe unyaka nonyaka. Isikhathi esifanele sithathwa njengokuqala kwentwasahlobo.
Kunconywa ukukhetha umhlabathi okhululekile, ngaphandle kweziqalo. Ungakhetha indawo ethengiwe yezitshalo ezihlobisa okokuhlobisa. Lapho ulungiselela le ngxube ngezandla zakho, kufanelekile ukuthatha inani elifanayo lomhlabathi, isihlabathi esihle, i-peat ne-humus.
Imbiza kufanele ibe banzi, kepha ingekho ejulile, ngoba uhlelo lwempande zezinsimbi alunamsebenzi. Ukuvimbela ukungagxili kwamanzi, kubekwa ungqimba lwamatshe ayi-3 cm ngaphansi kwetangi.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa indlela yokudlulisela, kulandela imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
- kulungiswa umhlabathi wezakhi;
- ungqimba lomsele lubekwa ezansi kwembiza, olufafazwe ngenhlabathi phezulu;
- kuphuma inqwaba yobumba ebhodweni elidala futhi litholakala esitsheni esisha, ama-voids afafazwa nomhlaba;
- ngemuva kokudlulisela lesi sitshalo endaweni entsha, udinga ukulinda ukuqothula kwayo, ngaphandle kokunisela.
Isitshalo esisanda kuthengwa sidinga futhi ukufakelwa kwenye indawo:
- amahlamvu ahlanzwa ngamanzi afudumele;
- uhlelo lwezimpande seluhlanzwa ngokuphelele inhlabathi, izindawo ezonakele ziyasuswa, izingxenye zifafazwa ngomlotha;
- i-saltolysis itshalwe kungxube yenhlabathi entsha.
Lapho ukhula ngesimo sesitshalo se-ampel, kufanele ulungiselele umtshali wokudla, kanye namathebula wokhuni kanye nama-rack, esebenza njengokusekelwa.
Izihlahla
I-Gloxinia iyenziwa minyaka yonke. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kunconywa ukuthi kunciphise indawo okuluhlaza okotshisiwe. Kulokhu, amahlumela athile anqunywa ngaphansi kwempande, kusale kuphela okunamandla kakhulu. Inqubo ithuthukisa ukukhula, iziqu eziye zaqina ziyaqina futhi zinamaqabunga ngaphezulu.
Lapho usika, i-gloxinia inika noma imuphi umumo, njengebhola. Ungasika imbali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, unciphise amahlumela cishe ngo-1/3.
Ukuzala
Ikhiqizwa ngezindlela ezintathu: ukusika, imbewu namahlumela.
Isinyathelo-sinyathelo-ngasinye sokusika:
- Amahlumela amancane ayanqunywa bese ebekwa emanzini kuze kwakheke izimpande (zingabekwa ngokushesha engxenyeni emanzi yesihlabathi ne-peat);
- isitshalo sibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa, lapho kugcinwa khona izinga lokushisa lika + 25 ° C, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufakwa umoya;
- isiqu singena emavikini angama-2-3;
- emva kwalokho imbali itshalwe emhlabathini.
Izinketho ezihlukile zokukhula zasendlini
Uma ukhule ngaphakathi endlini, kwe-gloxinia, awukwazi ukukhetha amabhodwe osayizi abahlukahlukene kuphela, kodwa futhi nezindawo zasemanzini. Kule ndawo, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ekukhetheni komakhelwane.
Amaphutha kanye nokuqedwa kwawo
| Iphutha | Isizathu | Ukulungiswa |
| Ubuna amaqabunga, ayoma futhi afe. | Ukushoda komswakama, umswakama onganele. | Fafaza nsuku zonke. Gcina kude nabashisi. |
| Ukunwetshwa kwesiqu, ukufiphaza amaqabunga, ukukhula kancane. | Azikho izinto eziwusizo enhlabathini, hhayi ukukhanya okwenele. | Yondla isitshalo ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Hlela kabusha endaweni enelanga, ukhanyise nge-phytolamp. |
| Amacembe omile, ukubonakala kwezindawo ezinombala onsundu. | Ukuchayeka elangeni eliqondile. | Hambisa emthunzini okhethiweyo. |
| Kuphuzi nokuwa kwamaqabunga. | Umswakama owengeziwe | Yehlisa inani lokunisela. |
Izinambuzane, izifo
| Izifo / inkathazo | Izimpawu | Izindlela zokulahla |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Amafomu wokumboza okumpunga kumahlamvu, amahlumela abola futhi afe. | Susa izindawo ezithintekile zezimbali, unciphise ukuchelela, uvule umoya egumbini. |
| Kubolile uBrown | Iziqu ziba mncanyana futhi zibe nsundu. | Fafaza ngama-fungicides, ngezikhathi ezithile ezacile. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Amafomu ancanyana e-web kuhlamvu, ukuguqulwa kwamahlamvu amaqabunga kuyabonakala, aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile. | Hlanza lesi sitshalo esishawini bese uphatha noma yisiphi isinambuzane. Phinda ukucubungula izikhathi ezi-2-3. |
| I-Whitefly | Kushiya amaqabunga, phuzi bese uwa. | Ukucubungula izindlela ze-Actara. |
UMnu Dachnik uyancoma: usawoti - ukuvumelana enkulisa
Phakathi kwezici eziyimfihlakalo ze-salinoleism, amandla ayo okuletha injabulo ekhaya, athuthukise imizwa futhi enze kube lula ukuxhumana kuyaphawulwa. Imbali iyakwazi ukuphuma esimweni sokudangala, ibe nomphumela opholisayo enganeni. I-Gloxinia iqinisekisa ingane ukuthula kwengqondo namaphupho amahle.
Kepha kusukela ekubekeni lesi sitshalo egumbini lokulala labazali (amandla weYang ayakhula, okuthinta kabi ubudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu omndeni) nendawo yokuhlala, kufanele wenqabe.
