I-Hirita - ekhula futhi inakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

IChirita isitshalo se-herbaceous esiqhakaza emndenini wakwaGesneriaceae. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kwenzeka ngesimo se shrub yaphakade noma yonyaka. I-Indoor ihlakulela izihlahla eziphansi (kufika ku-20 cm) ezihlahla zonyaka ezidinga ukuvuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ikhula kancane. Kuqala ukuqhakaza ngoMeyi futhi kuthokozela izimbali ezimise okwensimbi kuze kube uSepthemba. Izwe lama Khirites liyashisa futhi linomswakama iColombia. Emvelweni, lesi sitshalo sivame eNdiya, Southeast Asia, emithambekeni ngamatshe eNhlonhlo yeMalay.

Bheka futhi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani uSmithian no-Achimenes.

	Ukuqina kwentuthuko kuhamba kancane.
	Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala.
	Isitshalo kulula ukusikhulisa. Ilungele ukuqala.
	Isitshalo se-perennial.

IChirita: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

Ukuze isitshalo sihlale sinamaqabunga amahle we-elastic, kuvela izimbali ngesikhathi, ukunakekela ngokucophelela kuyadingeka e-chirita ekhaya. Izimo ezifanele zokuqukethwe kwe-hirita yilezi ezilandelayo:

Imodi yokushisa	Ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 15 ° C; ehlobo kusuka ku + 18 ° C.
Umswakama womoya	Cishe i-50%.
Isibani	Kugqamile.
Ukunisela	Elinganiselayo ngesikhathi sezimbali, khulisa imvamisa yokunisela, ebusika - nciphisa.
Umhlabathi we-Homalomena	Inhlabathi elungele i-senpolia; ingxube yezingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi enamaqabunga futhi ethathwe engxenyeni eyodwa ye-peat, humus, isihlabathi.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ukusuka maphakathi no-Mashi kuya ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba - kanye ngenyanga Umanyolo ophindwe kabili kabili we-senpolia.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Homalomen	Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kokuqala; amabhasi amadala avuselela.
Ukuzala	Izicucu ezine-Leafy, imbewu, ukusikwa.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Ngezikhathi ezithile, ibhulashi elinosilika lihlanza amaqabunga othuli. UHirita uthanda umoya omusha nomoya. Iphendula kabi kwezilungiswa, intuthu kagwayi kanye nemikhiqizo yokulwa kwegesi. Ama-inflorescence omile namaqabunga aphuzi kufanele asuswe ngesikhathi.

UHirita uletha ukuthula nenjabulo endlini. Amaqabunga e-Velvety anemibala emihle nezindebe ezihlekisayo zezimbali zivusa umuzwa wokufudumala kwasekhaya nokubumbana.

IChirita: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

IHirita isitshalo esihle ezintekenteke esifana ne-violet. Ukuze isihlahla sikhule ngokungaguquguquki futhi sithokozise ngokuqhakaza izimbali, kudalwa indawo enhle ezungezile.

Izimbali hirita

Maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi, ukuqhakaza kwe-hirita kuvame ukuqala, kuyajabulisa wonke umuntu okubonayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sesakhiwe ngamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga. Ama-peduncle akha amasunono awo. Kwi-peduncle ende ende, kuvela ama-buds angafika ku-10, aqoqwe kuma-inflemcence e-racemose. Zikhuphuka ngaphezu kwamaqabunga e-emerald velvety noma ama-mosagated ane "hat" enhle enhle.

Izimbali, zakhiwe njengamabhele, zinesizinda sebhubhu esidala. Zingapendwe ngombala omhlophe, ukhilimu, i-lilac, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, pinki shades. Ama-petals aphansi ezinye izinhlobo ze-hirita ziphawulwa ngemivimbo ehlukile. Imbali ngayinye ihlala kusuka kumaviki amabili kuya kwayisithupha. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kwakheka isithelo - ibhokisi elinembewu encane.

Imodi yokushisa

Njengoba inezimpande zaseningizimu, ekhaya, i-hirita iyaqhubeka nokuba yisitshalo se-thermophilic. Lapho uyikhulisa, kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso wokushisa. Ehlobo, isihlahla sihlala kamnandi ku +18 - 25 ° C.

Ebusika, izinga lokushisa kufanele lihlale phakathi kuka-15 - 20 ° C.

Ngamanani aphezulu noma aphansi, isitshalo simisa intuthuko. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-15 ° C, isembozo sezimbali esinezimbali sisuswa efasiteleni noma sibeke ukuma kokhuni noma kakhokho phansi kwalo ukuze sisuse izimpande endaweni ebandayo.

Ukufafaza

Isitshalo asinazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokuswakama komoya. Okufanele ngoba kubhekwa isilinganiso somswakama. Ngakho-ke, ukufafaza, ngokwemithetho yokunakekela i-hirita ekhaya, akuyona inqubo eyisibopho.

Kungasilimaza isitshalo: amabala namaqabunga avela emaqabungeni nasezimbali, ukubola kukhula. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo ikakhulukazi, ungafafaza umoya ozungeze i-hirita, uzama ukungathinti isihlahla uqobo. Kungcono ukubeka isitsha esinezimbali epallet ngobumba olunwebekile olumanzi.

Isibani

Ukukhanya kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni okuvumelanayo kwe-hirita. Uma kunokukhanya okuncane, isitshalo ngeke siqhakaze. Ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, imimoya iqala ukuncibilika futhi iphenduke iphuzi. Ungafaka imbiza yempahla yasendlini kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yefulethi.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma ufaka imbali engxenyeni esenyakatho yendlu, lapho kungakaze kube khona ukukhanya okuningi, udinga ukuvula isibani sasemuva. Engxenyeni eseningizimu, lapho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ilanga likhanya kakhulu, isitshalo sinombala.

Ukunisela Imimoya

Ukunisela kwe-hirita kufanele kuthathwe ngokucophelela. Kuyadingeka ukunisela lapho isitshalo sidinga umswakama (lokhu kungabonakala emhlabathini owomile). Umswakama owengeziwe uholela ekuboshweni kwezimpande. IHirita izokhuthazelela isomiso esincane.

Kepha uma isikhathi somile sidonswa, amanzi ngokucophelela kancane kancane engeza izingxenye ezincane zamanzi ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziningana. Ukunisela thatha amanzi afudumele avikelwe kahle.

Imbiza ye-hirita

Imbiza enkulu ye-hirita ayidingeki: ngeke iqhume kuyo. Okokuqala Tshala isitshalo esitsheni esincane. Bese ukhetha isimbali sezimbali esiphansi, ububanzi baso esingaphansi kobubanzi bekhasi leqabunga lesihlahla.

Ububanzi nokuphakama kwesitsha sesitshalo esidala kufanele kube ngokulingana.

Inhlabathi

IHirite idinga inhlabathi evulekile, engaphefumula ngokusabela okune-acidic encane. Imvamisa sebenzisa inhlabathi yezitshalo ze-senpolia - izitshalo ezihlobene. Ekhaya, i-hirita ingatshalwa engxenyeni engaphansi elungiselelwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili zenhlabathi enamaqabunga kanye ne-humus, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat, ethathwe engxenyeni eyodwa. Ukuze uthuthukise izindawo zokudonsa, kufakwa izicucu zezitini, i-vermiculite, izingcezu ze-sphagnum.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Kwi-hirita, umanyolo nokugqoka okuphezulu kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo kuze kufike ezinsukwini zokugcina zehlobo, kuphekelwa nge-ejenti ehlanjululwe ye-senpolia. Ngemuva kokufaka ingane esitshalweni sikamama, izinyanga eziyisithupha iyondla ngamalungiselelo aqukethe inani elikhulu le-nitrogen.

Eminyakeni engu-6 - 8 izinyanga, iphosphorus ne-potassium kunezelwa kwi-nitrogen. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani le-nitrogen liyancipha, bese kukhuphuka i-potassium ne-phosphase ukuze kufakwe imbali izimbali. Ngemuva kwenqubo, i-hirita ibilisiwe.

Ukufakelwa

Isitshalo sitshalwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali zokuqala. Ukufakelwa kwe-hirite minyaka yonke akudingekile: ngeminyaka, isihlahla siyeka ukuqhuma, amaqabunga aso aphansi awela. I-hirita yabantu abadala ihlanganiswa kabusha nge-cutways.

Itshalwa elincanyana elitshalwe ebhodweni elincane kakhulu, bese lifakwa elinye elikhudlwana. Ukufakelwa, ungajulisi iphuzu lokukhula. Ezinsukwini eziyi-15 emva kokufakelwa, aqala ukondla i-hirita.

Hirita Trimming

UHirita akasabeli kahle ekuthenini. Ngakho-ke, kaningi akunakwenzeka ukuyinciphisa. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekugcineni ekwindla (ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza), kusikwa amaqabunga aphuzi nezinyawo ezomile. Ngesikhathi senqubo, bazama ukungalimazi amahlumela abuthakathaka kanye ne-petioles yamaqabunga.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

E-hirita, isikhathi sokuphumula asisho. Lapho kungathelwa maningi ebusika, ayondli futhi igcinwe emazingeni okushisa angeqi ku-15 ° C, kukholelwa ukuthi isitshalo siyaphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukukhula kwe-hirita kumisiwe, izimbali azikho. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa egumbini, kufanele ukhanyise isibani sangemuva. Ngokukhanya okwengeziwe kwe-13 amahora ngosuku, i-hirita iyaqhubeka ukuqhuma.

Ukuzala kabusha kweHirita

Ekhaya, i-hirita ingasakazwa ngezindlela eziningi. Abathathu babo baziwa kakhulu:

Khula i-hirita kusuka enhlanyelweni

Imbewu encane ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini emanzi ngaphandle kokujula nokufafaza ngenhlabathi. Mboza ngefilimu, shiya umila ku-23 ° C, ukhipha umoya ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ufafaza inhlabathi. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, imbewu izohluma.

Ngokukhanyisa okwengeziwe, sezikhulile. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili, donsela ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo zonyaka ziyandiswa.

Ngokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo, ziyaqhakaza ebusika olandelayo.

Ukusakazwa kwe-Hirita ngokusikwa

Sika izingcezu. Susa amaqabunga aphansi bese ufafaza usikiwe ngamalahle. Isiqu singasuswa kumila omanzi noma emanzini. Ungahlwanyela ngokushesha enhlabathini enomswakama, umboze ngefilimu bese uqhubeka nokukhula ezimweni zokugcina ukushisa. Kungcono ukusikwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli ukuze izihlahla eziqhakaza ubusika obulandelayo.

Ukusakazwa kweHirita ngokusikwa kwamahlamvu

Khetha iqabunga elihle elinempilo kusuka maphakathi nesihlahla. Sika nge-razor kusuka kusiqu. Isigaxa somile kancane futhi siphathwe nge-fungicide. Ukuze iqabunga ngokwalo lingakhuli futhi lingalibali ukubamba, unganquma ingxenye yalo ephezulu.

Izinhlobo ezisikiwe zinotshwe kumathebhulethi we-peat noma emhlabathini. Ingagxila emanzini. Ukutshala emhlabathini, abazami ukungangcwabi ishidi: ngakho-ke kuzothatha izimpande ngokushesha. Izingane zikhula ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-45. Isitshalo esitholakala kumaqabunga amaqabunga ezinyangeni ezingaba ngu-7 kuye kwezingu-10.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Uma i-hirita inganakekelwa kahle, ingathinteka izinambuzane, futhi izifo zizenza zizizwe. Ungathola ngokushesha ngalokhu ngokubheka isitshalo:

amaqabunga e-hirita aphuzi aphuzi - uma amaqabunga amakhulu ephenduka aphuzi - inqubo yokuphindeka ngokomzimba engenakuphikwa; uma kuphuzi kuhambisana nokubola isiqu - umswakama owedlulele (amaqabunga onakele asusiwe, isitshalo singcono ukufakelwa, amanzi ngesikhathi);
amabala awomile kumaqabunga e-hirita - ukubonakaliswa kokushiswa yilanga (susa amaqabunga alimele, umthunzi wesitshalo elangeni);
IHirita ikhula kancane - ukukhanya okuncane (hlela kabusha endaweni ebonakalayo);
iziqu ziyadonswa - ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa (faka indawo ekhanyiswe kahle);
amaqabunga e-hirita asontekile - umoya owomile ongaphakathi (sebenzisa ama-humidifiers);
amathiphu amaqabunga womile - kusuka kumswakama ophansi (beka isembozo sezimbali esinembali esikhwameni esinamapulangwe amanzi).

Kwesinye isikhathi izimbuzane zesicabucabu, ama-aphid nezindwangu ezimhlophe zihlasela i-hirita. Ama-zinambuzane asetshenziswa ngokumelene nawo.

Izinhlobo zomsebenzi wesikole enezithombe namagama

Emvelweni wemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu. Izindlu zikhulisa ezinye zazo:

IHirita Chinese, isiliva Hirita "Chirita sinensis"

I-shrub ekhula kancane (cishe ngo-0,15 m) enamaqabunga esiliva noma e-emerald, ubude bayo bufika ku-10 cm. Ingaphezulu lamaqabunga e-oval lishonile, imiphetho ihlanganiswe. Izimbali ezi-Purple ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence amakhulu. Ama-peduncle ama-brownish ambozwe ngenqwaba ekhanyayo. Izimbali ziwa ehlobo.

UHirita Tamiana "Chirita Tamiana"

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-01. Inamaqabunga amancane amahle nezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ezinemivimbo ebubende egeleza phakathi kwentamo. Iqhakaza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

IHirita lavender “Chirita lavandulacea”

Isihlahla sonyaka esinamaqabunga amnyama we-ellipsoidal. Ama-streaks abonakala kahle kumakhasi aluhlaza aluhlaza. Izimbali zakhiwa kuma axils amaqabunga naseziqongweni zezihlumela. Izimbali ezimhlophe zihlukaniswa umlenze we-violet nomphimbo ophuzi. Lapho ikhanyisiwe, iqhuma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Kunezinto eziningi nzalo hyrite. Zonke ziyakhanga, kepha ezinye zithandwa kakhulu:

UHirita “Amaphupho Amnandi”

Isihlahla esicwebezelayo esinamaqabunga amakhulu acwebezelayo nezimbali ze-lilac, ezihlukaniswa ama-corollas amnyama.

UHirita “Periwinkle”

Bush ngezimbali ezihehayo ze-lavender hue; ingxenye engenhla ye-pharynx imakwe ngebala lewolintshi, ingxenye engezansi enemivimbo ephuzi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama ngombala.