I-Asparagus (lat. Asparagus), iyi-asparagus - iyisiqalo esidala sotshani, umvini noma isihlahla somhluzi. Izwe lakubo ngamazwe afudumele kakhulu e-Afrika, e-Asia, eNingizimu Melika.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-asparagus ziyadliwa, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zinezimo zokwelapha zempilo.
Incazelo
Ukuthandwa kwezamasiko e-asparagus kusizwa ngosayizi wayo oxineneyo nokubukeka okumnandi. Banombala oluhlaza okotshani omnyama noma okhanyayo. Izinhlobo ze-Variegate azivamile, kepha lokhu kuyinto eyehlukile.
Amahlumela agobekayo anamagatsha amaningi, anika isitshalo ivolumu, futhi asebenza njengamaqabunga amahlumela ama-cladonia, afana kakhulu nezinaliti ezicijile, asenza sibukeke sisihle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko selisungule izimpande nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinamandla, eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwalo.
Isiko le-asparagus eliqhakaza izimbali ezinhle ezinhle ezinombala omhlophe. Akuvamile - zipinki, i-beige noma i-brownish metallic. Kulesi zinhlobo, izimbali ziba zodwa noma ziku-inflorescence, zivame ukuba nesimo se-pyramidal. Ukukhula kwabantu abadala kuyakwazi ukuqhakaza futhi kukhiqize izithelo - amajikijolo anombala obomvu noma obomvu-owolintshi ngembewu emnyama.
Imbewu igqamile futhi iyindilinga. Amajikijolo awadli, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, anobuthi. Ngakho-ke, ekhaya, ukuxhumana kwezingane ezincane nezilwane ngesitshalo esinezithelo kufanele kube nomkhawulo.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukusabela kwe-allergenic kanye nobuthi kungenzeka. Uma othile emndenini enokuphambana kokuxhumana nama-allergen anjalo, kungcono ukungazithathi lezi zinhlobonhlobo.
Emhlabeni, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezulu kwamakhulu amabili zohlobo lwe-asparagus utshani nezihlahlana. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke into efanele ukukhula ekhaya. Ukuze uthole ingadi yangaphambili yekhaya, kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo ezifakazelwe - ezinhle kakhulu noma lezo ezinezakhiwo ezibucayi noma zokwelapha ezizuzayo empilweni.
Izinhlobo ezi-10 eziphezulu ze-Asparagus Zokukhula Kwasekhaya
| Ibanga | Izici |
| I-Asparagus Cirrus plumosus (iplamu) noma i-Asparagus Setaceus (setaceus) | Isampunge ehlakaniphile kakhulu. Amagatsha afana ne-spruce, kanti amahlumela ayadliwa, futhi ungawadla aluhlaza futhi aphekwe. |
| I-Asparagus Sprengeri (sprengeri), i-densiflorus egcwele kakhulu noma i-densiflorus (densiflorus) | Isitshalo sokuhlobisa. Iziqu zingakhula zifinyelele kumitha eyodwa nesigamu. Kubekezelela ukusikwa kwezingxenye eziningi. |
| I-Medioloides (i-Medioloides) | Ayinazo nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezimpande. Kudliwa okusha. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengendwangu eluhlaza yokukhipha i-aspargin. |
| I-falcatus ene-Sickle-shape (falcatus) | I-liana yokuhlobisa ebukeka kahle nenhle engahlobisa imiklamo ehlukahlukene nezangaphakathi. |
| I-Pistiform (racemosus) | Indawo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukukhuphuka" shrub, ende, "ethokozisayo" nokuhlobisa izikhala ezinkulu. |
| Okujwayelekile noma ekhemisi (officinalis) | Ine-vasodilating, laxative, izakhiwo ze-diuretic. Isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezinhlobo zezidakamizwa ezifanele. |
| Asparagus Meyer (meyeri) | Isitshalo esihle esinamagobolondo, sifinyelela uhhafu wemitha ukuphakama namamitha ayisithupha ububanzi. |
| Isambulela (isambulela), isambulela | Lokhu kuluhlaza okuluhlaza okuhle kakhulu, okungahlobisa isixha sezimbali. Inenhloso yokuhlobisa. |
| Superfine (waziissimus) | Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ezinamahlumela afinyelela kumitha eyodwa nesigamu. Kwakha umuzwa wokubumbana nokududuzeka. |
| I-Myriocladus (myriocladus) | Kuhle uma kungekho sikhala esanele, kepha ufuna ukuba nemifino yasekhaya engathobeki. |
Kwesinye isikhathi izinhlobonhlobo ngazinye zididaniswa nama-ferns - ngokwesibonelo, i-asparagus Meyer noSprenger. Futhi bazama ukuzihlanganisa nabo ezinye izibonakaliso nezinkolelo-ze. Kodwa-ke, azinobuhlobo namaferns. Futhi, ungazididanisi nabaphathisiwe - lokhu kuyizinhlobo ezihlukile.
Kunenye futhi inhlobonhlobo ethokozisayo - i-nanus asparagus, imbali enhle efana ne-mini-flower, emfushane kunayo yonke eqenjini layo. Kepha mncane kakhulu ekuthini ahambe, ngakho-ke asikukhuthazi ukumtshala njengekhaya.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-asparagus
Enye into ekhulisa ukuthandwa kwezitshalo ze-asparagus iwukunakekelwa kalula ekhaya. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zidinga cishe umbuso owodwa wokuphuza, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama.
| Isikhathi | Ukukhanyisa | Imodi yokushisa | Imodi yomswakama |
| Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Uyakuthanda ukukhanya kwelanga, kepha wesaba ukushiswa. Efasiteleni ngaphandle kwamakhethini kungenziwa kusethelwe lapho amawindi asenyakatho (mpumalanga, enyakatho-ntshonalanga). Uma amafasitela asentshonalanga noma empumalanga - amboze iwindi nge-tulle. Uma ubheke eningizimu - kungcono ukubeka lesi sitshalo amamitha ayi-2 ukusuka ewindini. | Kufanele inakekelwe kusukela ku-+18 kuye ku- + 24 ° C, kufaka nezindlela zokuma. Kulokhu, ungafaki izimbali ngaphansi komsuka oqondile womoya obandayo. | Umswakama wemvelo uvame ngokwanele, kepha ngokwehla kwezinga lawo kufanele kufakwe izimbiza ezinezitshalo emathiyini enamatshe amanzi. Ngokuntuleka kwamanzi okukhulu, ukufafaza kuvunyelwe, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile - eshaweni. |
| Ubusika / ukuwa | Lapho ilanga lingekude futhi likhanya, ungakwenza ngaphandle kwamakhethini e-tulle ohlangothini olusempumalanga nolwasentshonalanga. Uma iwindi liseningizimu - ungahlela kabusha ibhodwe nesitshalo efasiteleni. | Gcina kusukela ku-1414 kuye ku- + 16 ° C. Ngaphandle - Kubi i-asparagus, iyamelana nokuphambuka kuleli nani. | Ngesikhathi sokushisa, ngokuncipha komswakama, ukufafaza njalo ngamanzi afudumele kuyadingeka. Uma izinga lokushisa lasekamelweni aliphezulu kune- + 14 ° C, ungakwenza ngaphandle kokufafaza. |
Lapho ukhetha imodi yokukhanyisa, udinga ukukhumbula into ebaluleke kakhulu: ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kuvunyelwe kuphela ekuseni futhi kusihlwa kusihlwa. Ngaso leso sikhathi, awukwazi ukubeka ama-asparagus emthunzini - lokhu kuzosithinta kabi isilinganiso sokukhula nokubukeka kwabo.
Ukufaka umquba nokufaka umquba kulula: ibanga ngalinye linezincomo zalo, okufanele zilandelwe. Okujwayelekile - kuphela kwe-periodicity. Ngenkathi efudumele, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyadingeka kabili ngenyanga, ngenkathi ebandayo - kanye ngenyanga.
Azidingi izihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye enciphilewe ingayeka ukukhula. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinjongo zokwelapha, noma uma umqhele ukhule waze “walayisha” iziqu ngesisindo sawo.
Ukuzikhethela komthamo, inhlabathi, ukufakelwa
Imigomo yokufakelwa imvelo ifana ncamashi nezimbali eziningi zasekhaya namakhambi. Imbiza entsha kufanele ibe nkulu kuneyangaphambili, amanzi kanye nenhlabathi evela emthonjeni okufakazelwe kuyimpoqo - ngaphandle kwalokho kunengozi yokutheleleka kwezimpande ngokutheleleka okuqukethwe ezweni elingazwisisekanga, ikakhulukazi kusuka endaweni evulekile.
Izingxube zomhlaba zenhlabathi:
- inhlabathi ye-humus, inhlabathi eshidi, isihlabathi esihlanganayo (1: 1: 0.5);
- i-turf, humus, inhlabathi enamaqabunga nesihlabathi (2: 2: 2: 1).
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izinga le-pH likububanzi be-5.5-7.0.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi udlulise i-asparagus ngemuva kokunisela ngesixha somhlaba kanye nohlelo lwezimpande "lwendabuko". Phambilini, kungenzeka (futhi kudingekile!) Ukunquma nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezigulayo nezibolile, izinqubo zezimpande ezihlanganisiwe, uma zikhona. Amaphuzu asikiwe kufanele aphathwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe.
Kungcono ukubhekana nokufakelwa entwasahlobo. Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala ku-vase entsha noma ebhodweni, kwenqaba kumanyolo nokugqoka okuphezulu, gwema okusalungiswa, ilanga eleqile noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umnyama.
Lapho utshala ingadi emile mpo - ngokwesibonelo, ebhodweni le-cache - ungasebenzisa i-trifern.
Izikhathi zezimbali nokuzilungiselela
Lapha amaphethini acishe afane kakhulu namakhambi amaningi nezihlahla endaweni yethu yesimo sezulu. Intwasahlobo-ihlobo isikhathi somsebenzi, sokuvuthwa nokuqhakaza, ekwindla-nobusika kuyinto ezolile. Sihlobene ngoba i-asparagus iyaqhubeka ikhula ngisho nasebusika, ngakho-ke yehlisa kuphela ubukhulu bokufaka umanyolo nomanyolo kube kanye ngenyanga.
Izinambuzane, izifo
Njengamanye amasiko, ama-asparagus anazo “izitha” zawo - izinambuzane, izinambuzane, izifo. Kodwa-ke, ekhaya kuvame ukuthi “isitha” ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Kungakuhle ukuthi uzijwayeze uhlu lwezimpawu okufanele ziqwashise umlimi.
| Izimpawu | Izizathu | Ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa |
| Kuphenduka ophuzi, kuqale ukudilika. | Kuyashisa kakhulu, komile. Ebusika, lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya noma amavithamini. | Amanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, hhayi "ukugcwala", inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama, inakekele amavithamini kanye nokuba khona kokukhanya. |
| Isiqu siyatwabeka futhi siguqeke. | Umanyolo omncane noma omningi we-nitrogen Umanyolo. | Thuthukisa ukukhanyisa, kumisa okwesikhashana ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen. |
| Emaphethelweni amahlumela kukhona amabala ansundu. | Shisa | Susa elangeni - suka kude ewindini, ulenga iwindi nge-tulle. |
| Ikhula kancane noma ayikhuli nakancane. | Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, izakhi zomzimba. | Thintana nochwepheshe, zalisa futhi ukondle ngesikhathi. |
| Izitshalo ezisesitaladini zidonsa ama-cladodia. | Izinga lokushisa ngaphandle liphansi kakhulu (kungenzeka lehlile kakhulu). | Letha egumbini (kungcono uma kuzoba ngu-+ 15 ° C) unqume phezulu kwesitshalo. |
| Ukukhula kubolile futhi komile. | Ukujikeleza kuqala ngenxa yamanzi amaningi. | Khipha nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezibolile ebhodweni, usike inhlabathi nezimpande nge-antifungal agent Gamair noma iDiskorm. |
| Ukumemezela ukubiza | Isilonda semithi yezinambuzane. | Fafaza nge-Actellic (2 ml / 1l yamanzi), hlamba onogada beshawa. |
| Isitshalo sizaphenduka siphuzi bese sibuna. | I-spider mite edla ujusi wesiqu, i-cladonia, njll. | Ukwelashwa kwesigaba sokuqala - ukwelashwa ngesixazululo sensipho yendlu, ukuvimbela - umswakama ojwayelekile egumbini. |
| Amahlumela alahliwe, ukubuyiselwa emuva kokukhula. | Ama-thrips - ngenxa yomoya omningi kanye nenhlabathi enamanzi. | Futha ngezinambuzane Actellik noma Decis. Letha izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama emuva kokujwayelekile. |
Ukuzala
Izindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokuzala zenziwa:
- imbewu
- ukusika
- ukwahlukaniswa kwezimpande.
Indlela enhle yokusakaza imvamisa inqunywa ngumlimi ngokwakhe.
Okusakazwayo ngembewu:
- bazithenge esitolo noma bazithole ngokungcoliswa okungumbono;
- cwilisa izinsuku ezimbili;
- Bumba enhlabathini engashoni bese umboza nge-polyethylene noma i-backlim;
- gcina inyanga ku-t + 20 / + 22 ° C;
- lapho kuvela amahlumela - ukuhambisa ukukhanya kwelanga;
- lapho usufinyelela ku-10 cm ukuphakama - faka iziqukathi ezihlukile, eziyindilinga noma ezisikwele.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika:
- entwasahlobo ukulungiselela amahlumela ngobude be-15 cm;
- ukubeka isitshalo esihlabathini esimanzi, ukumboza nge-polyethylene;
- ake uphefumule inyanga, ukondle ngamanzi;
- ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande - otshalwe waba yi-flowerpot ehlukile, ungapulasitiki.
Ukusakazwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwempande:
- lapho ufaka, hlukanisa impande ukuze esiqeshini ngasinye kukhona ihlumela elincanyana;
- Tshala ingxenye ngayinye ehlukanisiwe ye-rhizome esitsheni esihlukile;
- nakekela noma iyiphi enye i-asparagus.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: i-asparagus - isitshalo esisebenzayo
Konke okungenhla kwanele ukwenza isiphetho esingenakuphikiswa mayelana nezinzuzo ze-asparagus. Ngaphezu kobuhle, okunempilo nokudla okwenziwa ezinhlotsheni ezithile, lesi sitshalo sihlanza umoya, siqoqe uthuli emoyeni, siwunqande ukuthi ungangeni emaphashini abantu. Lokhu kungukuxubana kwangempela kwezinzuzo, ubuhle nempilo.
