I-Solanum (Solanum) - isitshalo semvelo sasemuva esivela emndenini osondelene. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-1 noma ngaphezulu, kwigumbi usayizi wesihlahla alidluli ku-30-50 cm. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo iNightshade yiBrazil, Uruguay nePeru. Umhlobiso oyinhloko wesitshalo uyizithelo eziyindilinga, ezinemibala ekhanyayo.
Esihlahleni, babamba kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Abatshali bezimbali abathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimfushane ze-nightshade. Amabhishi abo acocekile, acwebile ambozwe nge-orange noma obomvu amajikijolo abukeka emangalisa kakhulu.
Qiniseka ukuthi unaka isitshalo esihle seBrugmansia.
| Izinga lokukhula okukhulu. Ngesizini eyodwa ikhula ibe ngama-60 cm ubude. | |
| Izimbali eziqhakaza i-Nightshade ehlobo. | |
| Kulula ukukhula isitshalo. | |
| Isitshalo se-perennial. |
MaNtshawe: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane
INightshade ekhaya idinga ukunakekelwa okuthile:
| Imodi yokushisa | Ehlobo, 18-20 °, ebusika kungadluli ku- + 15 °. |
| Umswakama womoya | Izidingo zokufafaza nsuku zonke ngamanzi athambile. |
| Isibani | Kudingeka inani elikhulu lokukhanya kwelanga elikhanyayo. |
| Ukunisela | Okuningi, inhlabathi akufanele neze ome. |
| Inhlabathi ye-nightshade | I-substrate evulekile, edla umswakama, mhlawumbe isuselwa ku-peat. |
| Umanyolo nomanyolo | Esikhathini sokukhula okukhulu, isikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-2. |
| Ukufakelwa kweSolanum | Ngonyaka, entwasahlobo. |
| Ukuzala | Imbewu noma isiqu ukusikwa entwasahlobo. |
| Izici Ezikhulayo | Izidingo zokuthena kwentwasahlobo zonyaka. |
Ukunakekela i-nightshade ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe
Ukunakekela i-nightshade ekhaya kulula kakhulu. Lapho kudala izimo ezinhle, izitshalo ezineminyaka engu-5-7 ubudala ziqala ukuqhakaza futhi zithele izithelo.
Izimbali ziyasondela
Ama-blooms asondele ehlobo. Izitshalo zimbozwe kakhulu ngezimbali ezincane ezimile ngenkanyezi. Kamuva, esikhundleni sezimbali, amajikijolo aqala ukuboshwa. Ekuqaleni ziluhlaza, kepha njengoba zivuthwa, izithelo ziphenduka zibe bomvu noma orenji.
Kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuvuthwa ngokugcwele. Isitshalo esihlobisa kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela kuNyaka Omusha.
Imodi yokushisa
Isitshalo nightshade ekhaya sikhula kahle futhi siqhakaze ngamazinga okushisa aphansi + 18-22 °. Ekushiseni kwehlobo, angahle alahlekelwe ezinye zezimbali namaqabunga.
Ebusika, i-nightshade idinga izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kuka + 15 °. Izithelo ezitshalweni ezimweni ezinjalo zibamba cishe kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ukufafaza
Indoor nightshade kufanele ifafazwe njalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi angaphambi kokushisa endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Ukufafaza kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kugcinwa kufudumele ebusika. Ukuze ukhuphule izinga lomswakama, isitsha esincane samanzi singabekwa eduze kwesitshalo.
Isibani
Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile, i-nightshade idinga ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, amafasitela wesisekelo eseningizimu alungele ukubekwa kuwo. Kuzo, isitshalo sizizwa sikhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lapho ibekwe ohlangothini olusenyakatho, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Ukuze isihlahla esiseduze sikhule ngokulinganayo, sijikeleziswa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukunisela nightshade
INightshade ekhaya imvamisa futhi inisela kakhulu. Ehlobo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezimbali, ngokwesilinganiso kube kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili. Inhlabathi akufanele yome ngaphandle kwalokho imbali ingalahlekelwa izimbali nezithelo. Ebusika, ngaphansi kwezimo ezipholile, ukuthambisa okukodwa ngesonto kuzokwanela.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanzi wokunisela kufanele abe athambile futhi afudumele. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi alukhuni kuholela ekususeni kwenhlabathi ngokushesha, okuthinta kabi isimo sesitshalo.
Imbiza yeNightshade
Imbiza yepulasitiki noma yobumba ilungele ukukhula ngaphakathi kwe-nightshade, into esemqoka ukuthi kukhona izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi ngaphansi kwayo. Ubukhulu bawo kufanele bube bukhulu kancanyana kunohlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo. Esitsheni esikhulu kakhulu, inhlabathi ingaba acidic, okuzoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Inhlabathi
Inhlabathi yokukhula i-nightshade kufanele ibe nokudla okwanele futhi okukhululekile. Yakhiwa izingxenye ezilinganayo zomhlaba we-turf, humus nesihlabathi. Ngokukhula, ungasebenzisa futhi isiza sendawo yonke yezitshalo zasendlini zokukhiqiza zezimboni.
Ngaphansi kwembiza, kufanele kufakelwe ungqimba lwamanzi obumba olwandisiwe noma lwamatshe ayimifula.
Umanyolo nomanyolo
Ngesikhathi sokukhula ngamandla kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti, i-nightshade ifakwa ngomanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali wezitshalo zasendlini ngokuvama kwezikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Lapho zizalanisa, imithamo enconyiwe kufanele ibonwe ngokucacile. Isixazululo somanyolo esigxile kakhulu sizoshisa uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwe-nightshade kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Isitshalo simane sidluliselwe ngobumnene esitsheni esikhudlwana kancane. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, amahlumela nawo afushaniswa.
Banqunywa cishe ingxenye yesithathu. Ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kakhulu futhi sibekwe ngokukhanya okungafani nezinsuku ezingama-2-3.
Izihlahla
Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, amahlumela we-nightshade welula ngokushesha okukhulu. Kulokhu, bancishiswa cishe yingxenye. Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokunqunwa, i-nightshade idliswa ngomanyolo onokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu. Ukwenza ama-denser bush, i-nightshade icwetshwe kaningi ngesikhathi sehlobo.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Ebusika, i-nightshade idinga isikhathi sokuphumula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka imbiza nesitshalo ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba endaweni epholile nenokhanyayo. Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-nightshade ebusika yi-+13 °. Ngokuqukethwe okufudumele, lesi sitshalo siqala ukuhlushwa izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nezimhlophe.
Khula i-nightshade kusuka imbewu
INightshade kulula kakhulu ukuyisakaza ngembewu. Zikhishwa kumajikijolo avuthiwe ngokuphelele, abolile. Baqala ukutshala ngoJanuwari. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela i-substrate ekhanyayo evela kwinhlanganisela yesihlabathi se-peat ne-vermiculite. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ifakwa imizuzu engama-30 kusisombululo se-pink esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate.
Esikhathini esizayo, lokhu kuzovikela izithombo ezifweni zokukhunta.
Imbewu imila ngokungalingani. Amahlumela wokuqala avela ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2, owokugcina ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2. Eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, izithombo zigaxela ezitsheni ezihlukile. Izitshalo ezincane ziyaqhakaza ezinyangeni ezingama-6-7.
Ukusakazeka kwe-nightshade ngokusika
Ekhaya, i-nightshade ingasatshalaliswa ngokusikwa. Zenziwe ngengxube ye-peat nesihlabathi ngamazinga okushisa angama-22-25 °. Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu. Ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu, ukubamba kwezimpawu kushesha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Lapho nje ukusika kuqala ukukhula, ifilimu liyasuswa. Ukwakha izihlahla eziminyene, ezi-fluffy, izithombo zokuphina izikhathi ezi-3-4. Zonke izingxenye ze-nightshade zinobuthi, ngakho-ke, amagilavu enjoloba kufanele asetshenziswe lapho usebenza nayo.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Uma izimo ezikhulayo zingahlonishwa, kungavela izinkinga eziningi.
- Amaqabunga nezithelo ze-nightshade zomile. Inkinga ivame ukuvela ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu nomoya owomile. Imbiza enesitshalo kufanele ihlelwe kabusha endaweni epholile futhi ifafazwe kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Izithelo ziyancipha futhi amaqabunga ayawa. Ngokunokwenzeka, lesi sitshalo sihlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama enhlabathini. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokuqinile umbuso wokunisela, futhi ungavumeli i-substrate ukuba yome.
- Amacembe asondelene aphenduka aphuzi. Amaqabunga aphuzi angabangelwa ukunisela ngokweqile noma ukuntuleka kokukhanya. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokuqinile izincomo zokunakekela isitshalo. Ukuvimbela i-gulf ngaphansi kwembiza kufanele kube yizimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo aziboshwe. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sitshalo siyazenzisa impova. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi impova yenziwa ngesandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungagcobhozi imbiza ngesitshalo noma usibeke endaweni eshaywe kahle.
- INightshade ikhula kancane. I-lag yokukhula ibhekwa ngokungabikho kokukhanya. Isitshalo kumele siphinde sihlelwe ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu.
- Amaqabunga ayachithwa. Inkinga ivela ngokuntuleka kwamabhethri. Umanyolo onconyiwe kufanele usetshenziswe ngesikhathi.
- Amacembe asondelene aphenduka agqamile. INightshade ayinayo i-potassium. Ukuqeda le nkinga, kusetshenziswa umanyolo we-potash enhlabathini.
- Amacembe aphansi we-nightshade aphuzi ngamabala ansundu. Isitshalo sihlushwa ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium enhlabathini. Ukondla ngamanyolo ane-trace element kubalulekile.
- Izindandatho eziphuzi kumaqabunga asondelene. Izimpawu ezichaziwe ziyimpawu yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokulwa nazo azikho. Izitshalo ezithintekile ziyachithwa.
Kwezinambuzane, i-nightshade ivame ukuthinta i-spider mite, aphid, i-whitefly, i-scutellaria. Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziswa inqubo yokubulala izinambuzane.
Manje kufundwa:
- I-Beloperone - ekhula futhi inakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe
- I-cymbidium - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe, ukufakelwa kanye nokuzala
- I-Brugmansia - ekhula futhi inakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe
- I-Gloxinia - ekhula futhi inakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe nezinhlobonhlobo
- I-Nerter - ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe
