ICalathea - ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, izithombe namagama ezinhlobo

ICalathea crocata. Izithombe

UCalathea (iCalathea) ungowomndeni uMarantovye. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo iKalathea yiNingizimu Melika, lapho ikhula khona emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Lesi sitshalo sifihlwe elangeni elishisayo ngamagatsha asakazayo ezihlahla ezinde.

ICalathea yathola igama layo igama elithi "calathos", elihunyushwa lisuselwa kwelesiGrikhi "basket" - amaqabunga awo ezikhathini zasendulo ayesetshenziselwa ukhula.

Lesi sitshalo se-herbaceous perennial nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, i-tuberous kanye ne-rhizome. Amaqabunga akhula ngo-petioles aphambili, imvamisa ingaphansi lawo lipinki noma liphuzi. Iqhakaza ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nehlobo, kuya ngezinhlobo zezilwane. Uma izimo zokuboshwa zimhambela kahle, isikhathi sezimbali sihlala sifinyelela kumaviki ayi-2-3. Ama-inflorescence awafani: izimbali ezincane ziqoqwa ngokuqoqekile kuma-inflorescence abunjwe ngespike. Umbala wazo uhlukile.

	Izinga lokukhula liphansi, kufinyelela emaqabungeni amasha angama-7 ngonyaka.
	Iqhakaza ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nehlobo, kuya ngezinhlobo zezilwane.
	Isitshalo sikhula ngobunzima.
	Yisitshalo esingapheli.

Izici ezizuzisayo ze-calathea

ICalathea ihlanza umoya futhi iqinise ukwakheka kwayo. Amafutha e-Formaldehyde akhishwa ezintweni zasendlini adonswa amaqabunga alesi sitshalo. Okuqukethwe kwezinto ezilimazayo kwehliswa ngu-10%, okusho ukuthi umuntu uhlukumezeka kancane empilweni.

Ukunakekelwa kweCalathea ekhaya. Kafushane

I-calathea ekhaya idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile, uma izidingo zokunakekelwa zingalandelwa, kuzovela izinkinga bese isitshalo singafa:

Imodi yokushisa	16-24 ° C ehlobo, cishe ngu-16 ° C ebusika, okungenani kuze kufike ku-10 ° C. Gwema ushintsho lokushisa.
Umswakama womoya	Kusuka ku-60%. Isekelwa ukufafaza njalo - okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngesonto. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinamashidi we-terry azinamanzi, kepha zithambisa umoya eduze kwazo.
Isibani	Okumaphakathi, hlukana nokukhanya kwelanga. Ukuhleleka okuhle ngamamitha ayi-2 ukusuka ewindini ohlangothini lwasentshonalanga.
Ukunisela	Ehlobo - izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto, ebusika kube kanye kuphela. Vikela ukungagxili kwamanzi ebhodweni. Amanzi athambile, afudumele.
Inhlabathi	Ngokufakwa kwesihlabathi noma i-peat, kungaphefumula. Ukuzilungiselela, hlanganisa: inhlabathi enamaqabunga - izingxenye ezi-2, i-peat - 1, isihlabathi - 1.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ngesikhathi sokukhula, kulungiselelwa uketshezi olu-1: 2 oludingekayo njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. Ukweqile kwe-calcium ne-nitrogen akwamukeleki.
Ukufakelwa	Kwezitshalo ezincane - njalo ngonyaka ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho - eminyakeni engama-2-4, lapho imbiza iba incane kohlelo lwezimpande.
Ukuzala	Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ukuze isitshalo ngasinye sibe namaqabunga amaningana nezimpande ezi-2-3 ezigcwele. Lapho zisakazwa ngembewu, kufanele zikhule ngo-20-24 ° C.
Izici Ezikhulayo	Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo singathathwa sithathwe siphume emoyeni esivandeni - esivandeni, kuvulandi, kepha sivikeleke kokungakapheli. Ithanda umswakama wendlu yangasese. Amahlamvu agoqwa ebusuku. Kulula ukuzilimaza, ukusula ngokuqapha.

UCalathea Varshevich. Izithombe

Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo, kufanele ufunde imithetho yokunakekelwa ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Ukunakekelwa kweCalathea ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Isitshalo se-calathea se-Indoor akusona esingenabungozi kakhulu, kepha asifani ngokuzithoba. Uma uphambuka ezingeni elijwayelekile lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya kuye, i-calathea ingagula futhi ife. Ezinye izinhlobo ziqinile kakhulu futhi zibhekana kangcono kunezinye ezinezimo zasekhaya, ezinjengeMarkya.

Inkinga enkulu yokukhula emafulethini umoya owomile ngenkathi ebandayo ngenxa yamabhethri kanye nabashisi. Amaqabunga ayo anendawo enkulu okuvela kuyo ukuhwamuka njalo. Emahlathini ashisayo, ukulahleka kunxephezelwa umoya omswakama, futhi egumbini elomile inqubo inamandla kakhulu. Uhlelo lwezimpande alunaso isikhathi sokubuyisa amasheya, ngenxa yawo amaqabunga aqala ukoma.

Izici ezinjalo zidinga isimo sokunaka ngokwengeziwe isitshalo kanye nokugcwaliseka kwezidingo zokunakekelwa.

Izimbali ze-calathea

I-calathea inika izimbali ezincane zemithunzi ehlukahlukene - bathembela kuhlobo lwesitshalo. I-Makoya, i-calathea enhle futhi enomusa, inama-inflorescence amhlophe aqhamuka emgodini wamahlamvu. ISaffron calathea iyaphawuleka ngezimbali zayo eziwolintshi ezikhanyayo, futhi i-zebrin yi-lilac.

Ukwengeza isikhathi sokuqhakaza, abatshali bezimbali basebenzisa iqhinga elilodwa. Ngokuvamile, izehlakalo ezinjalo ziletha imiphumela emihle esimweni se-saffron calathea. Iqhakaza izinyanga ezingama-2-3. Lapho amahlumela awo ekhula ngaphezu kuka-15 cm, maphakathi no-Agasti ibhodwe lahlelwa kabusha endaweni emnyama amasonto ayi-10.

Ukunisela kuncishiswa kube yimikhawulo emincane. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbali izokwakha ama-buds amasha. Lapho ubuyela endaweni eyayikhanyayo yangaphambili, qala kabusha ukuchelela njalo. Ngemuva kwezinye izinyanga ezi-2, i-calathea iyaqhakaza.

Imodi yokushisa

ICalathea ekhaya ithanda ukushisa futhi ayizukubekezelela okusalungiswa namazinga okushisa ngokweqile. Ehlobo, 22 ... 24 ° C kubhekwa njengokushisa okujwayelekile kukho. Ebusika, kungokwenele ukulondolozwa ngo-16 ... 18 ° C.

Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kwamadigri angama-20, kuyadingeka-ke ukuhlinzeka imbali ngokwazisa okwengeziwe.

Ukufafaza

Ukufafaza kulusizo kuma-calatheas, futhi noma eshaweni efudumele izosiza isitshalo. Kepha lokhu kusebenza ezinhlotsheni ezinamaqabunga abushelelezi. Abamele iTerry kufanele bavikelwe emaconsi amanzi awela phezu kobuso. Kulokhu, inketho engcono kakhulu yokuthoba umoya eduze kwesitshalo.

Isibani

Imbali yeCalathea ekhaya ayilivumeli ilanga, ukushayelwa imisebe ngqo kungambulala. Amaqabunga asabela kabuhlungu - ayagoqana, umbala wawo uyashintsha, uvunguza. Ama-Burns azobonakala ebusweni.

Lapho ukhetha indawo ebhodweni, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe efasiteleni elisentshonalanga noma elisempumalanga, kodwa hhayi efasiteleni, kodwa amamitha ambalwa kuwo.

Igumbi kufanele likhanye ngokwanele. Uma ubeka lesi sitshalo ekhoneni elimnyama, kuzodinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe emithonjeni yokufakelwa okungenani amahora ayi-12-14 ngosuku.

Isibani se-fluorescent kufanele sifakwe kubude obungama-20 cm ukusuka emaqabunga.

Ukunisela

Kufanele unake kakhulu ukuthambisa. I-calathea yasekhaya ayikubekezeleli ukweqisa ngokweqile kanye nomswakama ngokweqile noma ukunganyakazi kwamanzi ebhodweni nepani.

Amaqabunga enyama amunca amanzi ngobuningi, ngakho-ke ukuntuleka komswakama kubeka engcupheni impilo yezitshalo. Ngokuphindaphindeka ngokweqile, ukukhula kumiswa futhi kucindezeleke. Amaqabunga aba namabala, okukhombisa ukuqala kokubola kohlelo lwezimpande.

Ukugwema izinkinga ngokunisela, kufanele ukhethe isendlalelo somhlabathi okhanyayo imbali. Kufanele ifane nenhlabathi yendawo yemvelo ye-calathea. Ikhula enhlabathini evulekile, elula lapho amanzi angahlali khona. Kwisitshalo, ukuthambisa umswakama kuyingozi kakhulu kunokuntuleka kwako. Zilungiselelwe isomiso - ohlelweni lwezimpande kunezinqubo ezinamashubhu ezanelisa, uma kunesidingo, isidingo samanzi.

Akunasidingo sokunisela isitshalo kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi ebhodweni isoma ngemuva kokunetha kwangaphambilini.

Ibhodwe leCalathea

Ibhodwe kufanele likhethwe lincane, ngoba i-calathea inohlelo olunezimpande olungaphezulu kwayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi eyeqile isengozini yokuqunjelwa yi-asidi. Okuhle inketho ephansi futhi ebanzi. Kungcono uma kungubumba - esitsheni esinjalo kunobungozi obuncane bokuqina kwamanzi.

Uma izimpande zesitshalo esidala zivela emgodini wokudonsa amanzi, khona-ke imbiza incanyana futhi lesi sitshalo sidinga ukutshalwa kabusha.

I-calathea primer

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula, iqonde, inamanzi- futhi ingaphefumula. Kulula ukulungiselela i-substrate ngokwakho ngokwakho ngokuya ngale iresiphi: inhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-2: 2: 1. Izithasiselo ezinje nge-sphagnum, amagxolo kaphayini ochotshoziwe, inhlabathi ye-coco, izingcezu zamalahle zicebisa ukwakhiwa kwamaminerali komhlaba. Inhlabathi yesitolo kungenzeka ingalungeli i-calathea; isihlabathi esibunjiwe kumele sengezelwe kuso ukuze sikhululwe.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Nge-calathea, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kufanele kuhambisane nokwenza ngcono ngezikhathi ezithile kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi. Umanyolo we-organic unenzuzo, kepha ukwedlula usawoti kungonakalisa imbali. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngemikhiqizo ewuketshezi engxenyeni yethamo elinconywe ngumenzi.

Imvamisa yezinqubo isikhathi esiyi-1 kumaviki ama-2.

Ukufakelwa kweCalathea

Ukufakelwa okuvame ukwenzeka kulimaza isitshalo futhi kungaba nzima ukukubekezelela. Imbali encane kufanele idluliselwe njalo ngonyaka ebhodweni elisha, efanelekile ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande olukhulile.

Lapho ufaka, ungasusi inhlabathi ezimpandeni ukugwema ukulimala, kodwa uyithumele esitsheni esisha ngenhlama yobumba. Qiniseka ukuthi unika ibhodwe ungqimba lwamanzi okususa umswakama. Isitshalo esidala siyatshalwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-4, kuya ngesilinganiso sokukhula.

Izihlahla

Amaqabunga eCalathea ayathenwa uma womile ngokuphelele. Lapho isitshalo sitshalwa futhi sisakazwa ngokwahlukana, zonke izingxenye ezomile nezinezifo zesitshalo ziyasuswa ezihlahleni.

Kungenzeka yini ukushiya i-calathea ngaphandle kokushiya eholidini?

Ukuntuleka isikhathi eside kokunakekelwa kungadala ukulimala okungalingani empilweni yesitshalo, ngenxa yalokho okuzofa ngakho. ICalatea ayinakuniselwa "endaweni yokugcina" - umswakama ngokweqile uzoholela ekuwohlokeni kwezimpande. Ukuntuleka komswakama nakho kuyalimaza imbali. Uma ukungabikho kwamabamba kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-3-5, isitshalo siyokwazi ukubekezelela. Kepha ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokunakekelwa akwamukeleki.

Ukuzala kabusha kweCalathea

Kunezindlela ezintathu zokusakaza isitshalo: ukwahlukanisa, ukusika kanye nembewu.

Ukusakazeka kweCalathea ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Imvamisa, i-kalatea isatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla - le yindlela ephumelela kakhulu, okuvumela isithombo ukuba sivumelane nezimo ngokushesha futhi siqale ukukhula. Izitshalo ezinempilo nezikhulu kuphela ezifanele ukwahlukaniswa.

Isihlahla sihlakazwa ngesandla ukuze ingxenye ngayinye inamaqabunga angama-2-3 nezimpande ezimbalwa ezisezingeni eliphakeme. I-Delenki encane kakhulu ithathwa kabi kakhulu futhi ingafa.

Isithombo sitshelwa enhlabathini ekhanyayo eyenziwe nge-peat nesihlabathi, ingxenye engenhla imbozwe ngesikhwama sepulasitiki, ngenkathi igcina umswakama ophakeme ngaphansi kwayo. Lapho ukukhula nokubukeka kwamaqabunga amasha kubonakala, isitshalo sidluliselwa ezimweni ezijwayelekile.

Ukusakazeka kwe-calathea ngokusika

Okwe-calathea, ukusakazwa ngezinsika kuyatholakala. Kulokhu, kukhethwa isiqu esinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15. Kufanele sibe nephuzu lokukhula kanye namaqabunga angama-3-4. Isiqu sitshalwe endaweni engaphansi kw peat nesihlabathi.

Imbiza ishiywe endaweni efudumele futhi enomswakama kakhulu kuze kube yilapho izimpande zezithombo zisikiwe.

Ukukhulisa iCalathea kusuka kuMbewu

Akuyona indlela ethandwa kakhulu yokusakazeka kwe-calathea yimbewu. Zibekwe amasonto ambalwa phezu kwenhlabathi, zicindezelwe phansi ngaphezulu, futhi ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, zimbozwe ngengilazi ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kokuhluma, kufanele zifafazwe ngenhlabathi ku-1 cm.

Lapho kuvela amahlumela, kufanele uqale ukukhipha umoya: susa ingilazi imizuzu engama-30. Uma izitshalo zifinyelele ku-2-3 cm ubude, manje sekuyisikhathi sokuzithutha ezimbizeni ezihlukile futhi uzinake njengenjwayelo.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Amacembe eCalathea aphenduka aphuzi. Izithombe

ICalathea iyagula, kepha ukuze usindise isitshalo, kudingeka wazi izimpawu nezimbangela zokuvela kwazo:

amathiphu amaqabunga aba nsundu - umoya omile kakhulu;
ICalathea ishiya iminyene futhi ishwabene - umoya omile kakhulu;
kushiya womile calatheas - umoya oshisayo ngesikhathi sokushisa;
ICalathea ishiya i-curl - ukukhanyisa ngokweqile;
kwavela amabala amhlophe-aphuzi emaqabungeni - ukukhanyisa ngokweqile;
amaqabunga embozwe izindawo ezimnyama - umswakama omningi womhlabathi;
ama-petioles amaqabunga aphakeme kakhulu - ukukhanyisa okunganele;
amabala ansundu kumaqabunga calatheas - ukushiswa yilanga;
imiphetho yamaqabunga omile ansundu - ukuchelela okungajwayelekile, amanzi alukhuni, umoya owomile;
amaqabunga e-calathea aba yi-lethargic - Umoya obandayo noma ushintsho lokushisa.

Imbangela yokuwohloka kwesimo se-calathea kungaba yizilokazane. Kusengozini yokuhlaselwa yisicabucabu - isitha sayo esiyingozi kakhulu, kanye ne-mealybug, i-scutellum kanye ne-whitefly.

Izinhlobo ze-calathea yasekhaya enezithombe namagama

Naba abamele abaziwa kakhulu be-calathea. Bazivumelanisa kalula nokuphila efulethini ledolobha kunabanye.

I-Saffron calathea, i-croqueta

Inamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama, onsomi onsomi ku-undererside. Ezihlangeni ezinde, ifomu lezimbali eziwolintshi elikhanyayo.

UCalathea upendiwe

Amaqabunga e-oval afinyelela ku-20 cm ubude, enkabeni anombala wokulinganisa wemithebe ekhanyayo nemnyama, anezinhlaka emaphethelweni ngephethini elimhlophe noma elibomvana.

Makoya

Isihlahla esikhanyayo esinamaqabunga adwetshwe - okusaqanda okuluhlaza okotshani nemigqa emincane ihlobisa indawo eluhlaza ekhanyayo. Ingxenye engezansi i-burgundy. Ama-blooms ane-inflorescence onsomi.

Imicu yeCalathea

Iziqu eziqonde ngqo mpo zikhula zize zibe ngu-40-60 cm. Amaqabunga amakhulu ama-oblong abuye afinyelele ku-40 cm. Umbala wazo uluhlaza okotshani, enemivimbo ekhanyayo phezu kobuso bonke.