IStromantha isitshalo esihle sangesikhathi esizayo eza kithi sivela ezindaweni ezinamathuku amakhulu aseNingizimu Melika. Ikhula kumahlosi amancane ehlathi ngamazinga okushisa aphakeme, ukukhanya okuningi kanye nomswakama. Ekuphakameni kufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-150, futhi ubude bamaqabunga acishe abe amasentimitha angama-50. Le mbali ingeyomndeni wama-arrowroots, kanti izihlobo eziseduzane kakhulu izitshalo: arrowroot, calathea, kanye ktenant. Ngenxa yokufana kwezinhlobo, i-stromant ivame ukudidaniswa ne-calathea. Kwesinye isikhathi azikwazi ukwehlukaniswa ngongcweti abanolwazi.
Incazelo yeBotanical
Lesi sitshalo sinokubukeka okugqamile kakhulu, okubabazekayo, ngenxa yamaqabunga aso anemibala emihle, ahlukahlukene futhi angajwayelekile kuma-petioles amade. Phezulu kupende okuluhlaza okotshani ngemichilo ekhilimu, epinki nomhlophe. Olunye uhlangothi kanye ne-petioles - onsomi, i-violet, i-burgundy ne-raspberry tone. Lawa maqabunga anemibala emihle njalo afinyelela emthonjeni wokukhanya.
Ngenxa yokuthi ebusuku amaqabunga ayavuka futhi athintane, “ukulungela ukulala,” kwenza umsindo opholile. Ngenxa yale mpahla, i-stromante yanikezwa elinye igama, "Ukuthandaza Mantis" noma "Ukuthandaza Ngembali".
Emvelweni, ehlobo, lesi sitshalo siphonsa i-peduncle ende enezimbali ezimhlophe nezphuzi, ama-bratch abomvu anamathiselwe kubo. Ukuqhakaza kwezitshalo zasendlini kuyaqabukela.
Izinhlobo zezindwangu zasekhaya
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaba ngu-10-13. Imvamisa, i-stromant ikhule imnandi futhi ibomvu-gazi.
| Izinhlobo | Incazelo |
| Kumnandi | Ukuphakama cishe ngamasentimitha angama-30-35, ubude bamaqabunga ngamasentimitha ayi-15-20, ububanzi bu malunga namasentimitha ayi-4-6. Ipuleti leshidi linomumo o-oval. Amacembe aphezulu apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani ngemivimbo emnyama ngesimo se-herringb futhi abe nomumo oblong, umbala womnqumo ngokufakwa onsomi ubonakala ngezansi. Uhlangothi oluhle lweshidi luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimbali azisho lutho. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo. |
| Igazi libomvu | Ekuphakameni, cishe amasentimitha angama-40-50, ubude bephepha lincike ezimweni zamakamelo futhi buba ngamasentimitha angama-20- 40, ububanzi - bube ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo zangaphambilini, inesimo esibonisiwe. Iphethini ye-herringbone imnyama kancane kunokuma okuyisisekelo kweshidi. Iphethini elifana nencwadi V iyabonakala ohlangothini olungaphezulu .. Uhlangothi olungezansi lupinki futhi lube nsomi. I-inflorescence iyindlebe. Izimbali zicacile. |
| Okuphuzi | Ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-2. Kulokhu, amaqabunga afinyelela kuphela ama-35 cm ubude, iziqu eziningi ezihlanganisa phezulu ziye zibonakale. Izimbali ziphuzi ngokugqamile, ziyavela ebusika. |
Abafuyi bakhipha izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa kusuka ekubukeni okubomvu-gazi, esinye seziteleka kunazo zonke phakathi kwabo:
| Izinhlobo | Incazelo |
| I-Tricolor | Inombala ogqamile, ogqamile. Iqabunga eliluhlaza okotshani lidwetshwe ngemivimbo nangamabala omnqumo, ama-beige, aluhlaza okhanyayo, omhlophe no-pink. Ngaphansi komthunzi we-maroon. |
| I-Multicolor | Ngethoni emnyama eluhlaza yendawo eshidi, amabala alele ngokungenamumo nemivimbo ye-pastel shades emnene kusuka kukhilimu kuye kokumhlophe iyabonakala. Uhlangothi olungalungile lombala obomvu we-burgundy. |
| IHorticolor | Imivimbo eluhlaza ephuzi, i-emerald nemibala eluhlaza ekhanyayo itholakala ohlangothini olungaphezulu lweqabunga. Ingxenye yayo engezansi ibomvu okumnyama. |
| Maroon | Isisekelo esimaphakathi luhlaza okukhanyayo, kubonakala ngokusobala epuletini yamaqabunga aluhlaza. Ingxenye yayo engezansi i-burgundy. |
| Inkanyezi yomugqa | Imithambo ihlangene nemhlophe qabunga oluhlaza okotshani. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
IStromantha isitshalo esidinga kakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukunikeza imbali ngezimo ezifanele ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, uma wazi imithetho ethile yesizini ngayinye, kungenzeka. Ngezansi kwetafula lokunakekelwa kwezimbali zesizini ngayinye.
| Ipharamitha | Ntwasahlobo ehlobo | Ukuwa kobusika |
| Ukunisela | Ukuchelela okuningi ukuze ulondoloze umswakama. | Ukunisela ngokulinganisela. |
| Ukushisa | + 22- + 27 degrees Celsius. | + 18- + 20 degrees Celsius. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kabili ngenyanga. | Akudingeki |
| Izihlahla | Ukuqedwa kwamaqabunga afile. | Akudingeki. |
Ukufakelwa kanye nokufakelwa
- Kungcono ukuthi udlulise isitshalo esincane kakhulu esifinyelela eminyakeni emi-4 minyaka yonke bese ususa ungqimba oluncane lwamasentimitha angu-2, unezela okusha. Udinga ukukhetha umthamo ngendlela yebhakede, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo luthuthukiswe kakhulu. Lapho ufakelwa, izimpande zidinga ukuqondiswa. Beka enhlabathini entshontshiwe bese ucindezela kancane.
- Izitshalo zabantu abadala zitshalwa emva kweminyaka emi-3, uma izimpande zavela edonsa futhi ibhodwe seligcwele kakhulu. Kulesi simo, njengasesimweni esedlule, indawo engaphezulu iyasuswa futhi igcwaliswe okusha.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokudlulisela imiyalo
- Ngaphansi kwembiza kufanele kuklanywe ngobumba olwandisiwe cishe ngengxenye eyi-1/4. Lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi amaningi ngokweqile ayaphuma.
- Bese uthele ungqimba lwesihlabathi esihlanganayo. Kuzovimbela ukufinyelwa kwenhlabathi futhi kugcwalise isikhala samahhala esitsheni.
- Okulandelayo, kuyadingeka ukuthulula isendlalelo engxenyeni yokudonsa, ukuze phakathi kokudonsa ngezimpande kanye nezimpande zesitshalo kukhona amasentimitha angama-2-3, bese emanzi kancane.
- Susa ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo ebhodweni elidala ngokuthepha ezindongeni, ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu, nyanzisa inhlabathi kahle. Sika izimpande ezifile, bese uhlanza konke okusele.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, ngezimpande eziqondile, beka imbali enhlabathini eswakanyisiwe bese uyigcwalisa ngokucophelela ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa. Nisela umhlaba. Uma i-substrate imbongolo udinga ukuthulula enye ungqimba.
Ukukhetha kwebhodwe
Umthetho omkhulu lapho ukhetha ubukhulu bawo. Udinga ukuthenga ibhodwe ngamasentimitha angama-2-3, ngoba izimpande ze-stromants zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, zigcwalise wonke isikhala.
Futhi cabanga ukujula nobubanzi besitsha. Akufanele kube ngokujulile kakhulu, kepha kubanzi ukuze isitshalo sizizwe kahle.
Indawo, izibani
Kuyadingeka ukubeka lesi sitshalo emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga. Mhlawumbe indawo eningizimu, kepha lapho ishibilika kusuka elangeni eliqondile, nangasenyakatho - phambi kokukhanya.
Ukunisela nokondla
Ukunisela imbali kuyadingeka, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lapho isikhathi sokwanda kwesisindo esidlulayo sidlula. Isimo sezulu esibandayo - usike ngesigamu, njengoba ukubola kwezimpande kungenzeka ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi nomswakama ngokweqile. Kuyadingeka ukunisela isitshalo ngamanzi ahleliwe ekushiseni kwegumbi.
Ingxenye ebalulekile ukufafazwa kwezimbali ngesikhathi esishisayo, kumele kwenziwe kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu.
Ukusuka ngo-Ephreli kuze kube nguNovemba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukondla i-stromantum ngomanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo zomhlobiso futhi lokhu kumele kwenziwe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-12- 12, ukunciphisa umthamo izikhathi ezi-2. Izibonelo zomanyolo onjalo yimikhiqizo ye-Etiss, iBonaForte. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-stromant ingondliwa ngezinto eziphilayo, ngokwesibonelo, i-humate. Kungaba nengqondo ukuthenga umanyolo ngokuqondile kulo mndeni, kepha awutholakala njalo esitolo.
Ukuzala
Ekhaya, kulula kakhulu ukuzalanisa i-stromant. Ingasakazwa nge-rhizome noma ukusikwa.
Ukuzala kabusha kweRhizome
- Susa ngokucophelela imbali ebhodweni bese ususa inhlabathi eyeqile, hlamba izimpande kahle.
- Hlukanisa imbali ibe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu, bese ufafaza izindawo zokusika ngamalahle. Tshala izingxenye ezitsheni ezikhethekile ezinomhlaba omanzi omncane.
- Vumela isitshalo sijwayele izimo ezintsha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amboze amahlahla ngephepha lepulasitiki bese ususa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7 ukudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
- Sika ngokucophelela izingcezu ezikhethiwe ngokuqhubekayo ngaphezu kokunamathiselwa kweqabunga, ushiye amaqabunga amathathu noma amabili kulinye.
- Zifake emanzini bese umboza ngesikhwama sepulasitiki esivamile.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30, lapho izimpande zivela, zitshale emhlabathini kusuka esihlabathini esixubile segranular esine-acidity ephansi.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-50-60, tshala ezimbizeni ezijwayelekile zezitshalo.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni nasekuqothulweni kwawo
| Izimpawu zangaphandle | Izizathu ezingenzeka | Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela |
| Amaqabunga omile nombala olahlekile. | Ukukhanya kwelanga ngokweqile. | Hambisa imbali endaweni ekhanyiselwe ngokwengeziwe lapho kungekho misebe yelanga eqondile. Noma umise igumbi. |
| Amathiphu amaqabunga asomile. | Umoya omile. |
|
| Isikhala sesicabucabu. | ||
| Kushiya amaqabunga bese uwa. | Ukunisela izimbali okungalungile. | Inhlabathi kumele ibe manzi. |
| Ukujikeleza isiqu namaqabunga awayo. | Ukushisa kwegumbi elibandayo. | Umoya kufanele ufudumale ufike kuma-degrees angu-25. |
| Amagqabi we-Fawn azungeze imiphetho. | Ukudla okungalungile. | Nakisisa imithetho yokondla. |
Izinambuzane nezifo
| Inambuzane | Izici ezihlukanisayo | Ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | Amathiphu amaqabunga omile futhi aqhekekile. Umbala wembali uyaphela. I-Petioles kanye ne-junction ngepheshana embozwe ngentambo ebonakalayo. | Fafaza isitshalo ngokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-12-15 imizuzu emi-2. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukwelapha amaqabunga ngesisombululo se-alcohol-imizuzu engu-30 bese hashaza kahle. Ngemuva kwamahora amathathu, fafaza imbali nge-acaricide (Vermitek, Nisoran, Oberon) bese uyimboza ngesikhwama sepulasitiki. |
| Isihlangu | Amabhulethi anombala onsundu onsundu abonakala engaphansi kweshidi. Izindawo ezizungeze ziphenduka ziphuzi, bese kamuva zibe mhlophe. | Okokuqala, phatha amaqabunga ngephedi lukotini noma ngendwangu efakwe kusisombululo sotshwala, uhlele ngisho neseshizi + engu-45- + 50 degrees Celsius. Fafaza imbali nenhlabathi ngesibulala-zinambuzane (Mospilan, Metaphos) bese uvala ngepakethe elijwayelekile lezinsuku ezi-2. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, musa ukudonsa imbali ngaphandle, njengoba imisebe yelanga ingayonakalisa. |
| I-Whitefly | Izibungu zabantu zithola ujusi emaqabunga. Ngemuva kwalokho balahlekelwe yimo yabo bese bewa. Isitshalo siyayeka ukukhula. | Izisombululo zamakhambi anamakha anamakha, u-anyanisi kanye no-anyanisi zingasetshenziswa. I-adhesive tape yezimpukane nayo iyasetshenziswa. Ezindlela zomzabalazo, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezifana ne-Commander, Tanrek, Admiral. Ngesixazululo, fafaza inhlabathi uqobo lwayo imvamisa yamaviki angama-3-4, noma imbali njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 cishe inyanga. |
| Ama-Thrips | Abantu bazinze ngaphansi kweqabunga, bakhipha uketshezi olunamathelayo bese bemunca ujusi. Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lumbozwe nge-beige ne-tint yesiliva. | Ukusuka ezindleleni zabantu, ukungafakwa kweziqalo zamazambane namachaphaza kagwayi kungabonakala njengesibonelo. Ungasebenzisa i-insecticides (Dantol, BI-58, Mospilan), ugeze isitshalo eshidini, ucubungule bese umboza ngesikhwama. |
Umhlali wasehlobo wazisa: uStromantha - ukuvumelana emndenini, ukuzethemba emsebenzini
Le mbali inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Ukuba khona kwakhe endlini kusungula ubudlelwane obusondelene phakathi komhlaba wenyama nowokomoya.
Lesi sitshalo sizosiza labo abahlushwa ukuqwasha kanye nokuhamba ngezinyawo. Njengoba wazi, abantu abanjalo kaningi abayitholi indawo yabo futhi bazame ukwenza okuthile baze balale.
Kubantu abaxabana nabathambile, kukhona nesixazululo. IStromantha izoletha ukuthula nokuzola endlini futhi umuntu uzokwazi ukuzidalula ngombono omusha.
