UCissus ungummeleli womhlaba wezitshalo ovela emndenini weVinogradovy (liana). Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-ivy izwekazi lase-Afrika, izindawo zaseNingizimu Melika, i-Australia.
Incazelo
Ubude bungamamitha amane. Izinkomishi ze-Suction kanye ne-antennae zikuvumela ukuba ubambelele ngokuqiniseka ezindaweni eziseceleni. Uhlelo lwezimpande luminyene futhi alukhuli. Umbala uluhlaza okhanyayo. Izimbali - amabhulashi e-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngemuva kokuvundiswa, kuvela izithelo zombala omnyama noma obomvu.
Izinhlobo ze-cissus zihluke kakhulu. Izakhamizi zesimo sezulu esomile zineziqu ezikhulu futhi nezilimo ezinkulu ezikhulu.
Ukubukwa kwasekhaya
Izinto ezingaphezu kwama-350 ziyaziwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zingabiwa ekhaya.
| Buka | Isici |
| Rhomboid. | Igama lalibangelwa amahlamvu. Ubunye ngamajikijolo odliwayo. |
| I-Arctic (i-Antarctic cissus). | Kuphenduka okuluhlaza unyaka wonke, amahlamvu okuma okusaqanda. Imbali iphuzi-luhlaza. |
| ITetrahedral. | Umsebenzi wezidakamizwa othuthukisiwe Amahlumela kububanzi be-sentimitha elilodwa nesigamu. Noma yini abayithatha, ikhula ngenkuthalo, kodwa kancane. |
| UHelen Danica. | Amashidi amahle we-rhomboid. |
| Imibala eminingi. | Imithambo yesiliva ne-burgundy brown. Inqwaba yamahlamvu iwa ebusika. |
| Kujikeleziwe. | Ngaphandle, kubonakala sengathi imbozwe nge-wax (gleam). |
| Imigqa. | Inamaqabunga amancane kakhulu nezithelo zombala omnyama. |
Izimo ezikhulayo ekhaya
| Isikhathi | Indawo | Ukushisa | Isibani | Umswakama |
| Ntwasahlobo | Izindonga zasempumalanga, ezisentshonalanga, okokuya ngaphakathi, maphakathi negumbi. | Medium - + 22ºС. | Kukhanya ngesizotha. | Umswakama odingekayo cishe u-60%. Ukufafaza nsuku zonke. |
| Ihlobo | Kude kude nemisebe yelanga, ungakhiphelwa ngaphandle endzaweni yethunzi. Into esemqoka ukuthi kunesitsha esinamanzi eduzane. | Kunconyiwe + 25ºС. | Ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha qaphela ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. | Ukuphrinta okusebenzayo futhi nsuku zonke kupholile amanzi. |
| I-Autumn | Noma iyiphi indawo egumbini izokwenza. | Medium - +22º. I-Antarctic - +12, enemibala ehlukahlukene - + 16ºС. | Kugqamile, kuhlakazekile. | Ukufafaza njalo. |
| Ubusika | Kude kusuka kokusalungiswa. | + 16-18ºС. | Kukhanya okukhanyayo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, ngoba amahora okukhanya kosuku amafushane. | Umswakama ojwayelekile ngu-50%. Ukufafaza - Izikhathi ezi-5 ngesonto. |
Inhlabathi, ukufakelwa, izihlahla
Izinhlobo ezinjenge-Antarctic nezine-diamondi zikhula kahle ezimweni zethu zesimo sezulu:
- Inhlabathi. Ukutshala amagilebhisi egumbi elihle lokuhlobisa akuyona inkinga - azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zenhlabathi.
- Njengamagilebhisi ejwayelekile, i-cissus idinga ukuthenwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuyadingeka ukugcina amagatsha alahla amahlamvu ngokuqinile - asuse amahlumela amadala. Ngenxa yokufinyezwa kweziqu ezinde, kungenzeka ukwakha ukubukeka okhethekile kokuhlobisa.
- Amagilebhisi zisetshenziselwa izitshalo kutitshalwe kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3, isithombo esisha - kanye ngonyaka. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo. Kuyadingeka ukwelula imbali ngokucophelela nangempande, ukuze ingxenye yomhlaba iqhubeke. Uma kwenzeka ubola ezimpandeni (transshipment), shintsha inhlabathi. Thola umthamo wohlelo lwezimpande “ngamehlo” bese ubeka isitshalo ebhodweni elifanele.
Ukunisela
I-Liana umswakama umoya, ngokulandelana, kuyadingeka ukuqapha umswakama ongapheli wenhlabathi. Inani lamanzi liyaguqulwa uma kunesidingo. Njenganoma iyiphi imbali engaphakathi, umswakama owedlulele ungabola uhlelo lwezimpande.
Uma isitshalo siphenduka siphuzi, sinisele ngokwengeziwe. Uma amagatsha omile futhi enesikhwebu kusenesikhathi ekhipha amahlamvu, isizathu sikhulu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kubalulekile ukufaka umanyolo njalo emavikini ambalwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Esikhathini esisele - kanye ngenyanga.
Uma kuvela amabala ansundu kulesi sitshalo, udinga ukuwafaka ngenhlanganisela ye-phosphorus. Uma, ngasizathu simbe esingaziwa, i-liana yaqala ukulahlekelwa i-gamut yayo yemibala engokwemvelo, bese iyondla ngomanyolo wamaminerali.
Lapho ulungiselela ingxube yobumba, udinga ukufaka ucezu lwe-humus kanye nohlelo lokudonsa amanzi ezansi kwembiza yamatshe amatshe amancane. Uma izinambuzane zingenwe yi-cissus, esigabeni sokuqala kuzokwanela ukufafaza ngegalikhi noma nge-orange ekhishwe.
Ukuzala
Isitshalo sisakazeka sisebenzisa ukusikwa. Into esemqoka ukuthi ihlumela kumele libe namaqabunga futhi kudingeka ulibeke isikhashana emanzini (kuze kuvele ama-rhizomes amancane).
Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ibe ejwayelekile (njengesitshalo esidala). Indlela elula futhi elula kunazo zonke yokucabanga ngokuzala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesihlahla esikhulu. Isithombo esisha sihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kuleso main nomonakalo omncane empandeni.
Udinga ukutshala ezimbizeni ezihlukile uqiniseke ukuthi impande iqinile futhi inehlumela elinempilo nelinamandla. Ukuzala kabusha usebenzisa imbewu kuyindalo, kepha indlela enjalo kungenzeka. Ubunzima obukhulu ukuvuthwa kwembewu ampofu. Izinyathelo eziningana zibalulekile lapha:
- Ithangi ligcwele ukudonsa kanye nenhlabathi engaphansi.
- Imbewu ayihlwanyelwa njeng izaqathi, kodwa ihlakazeke ngesendlalelo esincane somhlaba futhi icindezelwe ngokuthinta okulula komunwe.
- Ngakwesokunene udinga ukuba nesifutho sokufudumeza esifike ngesikhathi sembewu nenhlabathi uqobo.
- Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, imbewu imbozwe ngengilazi. Ukushisa kwekamelo okunconyiwe - +25 degrees.
- Akufanele ulindele izithombo ngosuku olulandelayo - inqubo ingadlulela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
- Lapho kuvela amaqabunga ambalwa ezimbalini, ababuthakathaka bayasuswa.
- Ngemuva kokuqinisa izithombo, ziqala ukutshala.
Amaphutha ekushiyeni
| Inkinga | Isizathu | Ukulungiswa |
| Amathiphu amaqabunga omile, amahlamvu uqobo ayagoba. | Umswakama onganele womoya, lesi sitshalo siyaqhuma. | Ngokuvamile fafaza isitshalo, ebusika sigcine kude nebhethri, isitofu, endaweni yomlilo, kodwa endaweni efudumele kahle. |
| Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, aphenduke ansundu, isikhunta singabonakala. | Ukudonsa amanzi ampofu noma ukuthambisa amanzi kwenhlabathi. | Khama njalo, ungagcwali. |
| Amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala, amabala avela. | U-Ivy umi ohlangothini olunelanga. | Hlela kabusha isitshalo, njengoba ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuyabulala. Uma imi eduze nefasitela - ezungeze ekhoneni noma wakhe i-canopy yomthunzi kuyo. Izibani zokwenziwa zidinga ukulungiswa ngesikhathi. |
| Amahlamvu anamabala futhi agobile. | Inhlabathi ayimanzi ngokwanele. | Ungavumeli inhlabathi yomile, uyiphuze njalo. |
| Chitha phansi komqhele. | Ukomiswa komhlaba okunamandla. | Khulisa ukuthambisa. |
| Ukulahleka okungalindelekile kwengxenye yamaqabunga. | Okusalungiswa ngokweqile noma i-hypothermia. | Faka isihlahla endaweni ezolile nenethezekile. |
Izinambuzane nezifo
| Inambuzane | Izimpawu | Izindlela zomzabalazo |
| Isihlangu. |
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| Ama-aphid. |
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| Isikhala sesicabucabu. |
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Izimpawu nezindawo zokwelapha
UCissus yisimenywa esivamile sama-quadrangular esivamile ekhemisi. Ikhipha ama-microparticles abulala amagciwane hhayi emoyeni kuphela, kodwa nasemzimbeni womuntu. Isiza labo abahlushwa yizifo zesisu, kanti futhi ivimbela nezinhlayiya ezingalwi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-liana ibamba wonke amandla avela ezindongeni, okhukini, oluthinta kabi isimo somoya kanye nesimo sonke. Kukhona inkolelo-ze yokuthi izimbali ezivela emndenini womvini ziyintokazi ethile yezintombi.
